{"product_id":"whole-life-appraisal-for-construction-isbn-9780632050468","title":"Whole Life Appraisal for Construction","description":"Whole life appraisal entails a review not just of the capital costs of a project, but also the running and maintenance costs and is increasingly being required by clients seeking maximum value for money. This new book provides an introduction to the subject, discusses issues such as investment appraisal and life expectancy of components, and shows by means of case studies how to carry out a whole life appraisal.  \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements vii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface viii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Whole life appraisal – an introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Objective 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 What is whole life appraisal (WLA)? 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Why bother with whole life appraisal? 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Is whole life appraisal different to whole life costing (WLC)? 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Who uses WLA and WLC? 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 When should WLA be undertaken? 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 What is the link between best value and best price? 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Nobody can accurately forecast the future, so how reliable are the results of a whole life appraisal exercise? 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 How can money spent at different times over the life of a facility be incorporated into WLA? 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10 What discount rate should be used? 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.11 How is inflation taken into account in the calculations 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.12 Why isn’t WLA used more widely? 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.13 So why bother now with WLA? 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.14 Has the computer made a difference to the calculation of WLA? 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.15 What has happened overseas? 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.16 The whole process seems to be surrounded by jargon; how can WLA be made simpler to understand? 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.17 Where does sustainability fit with WLA? 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.18 Have the Construction Design and Management Regulations (CDM) 1994 changed the way\u003cbr\u003e whole life issues are considered? 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.19 How does WLA fit with facilities\/asset management 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.20 What is service life planning? 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.21 Integrated Logistic Support (ILS) is a term used by the defence and aerospace industries; is WLA used in ILS? 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.22 What is the difference between running costs and operating and maintenance costs? 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.23 How does the residual value work? 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.24 Should disruption costs be included in the WLA? 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Whole life appraisal: preliminary concepts 11\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Whole life appraisal and construction 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Performance of systems, components and materials 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Design with whole life appraisal 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Whole life appraisal for new and old facilities 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 An overview of whole life appraisal 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 The importance of whole life appraisal 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 The adoption of whole life appraisal 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 The balance between fixed and variable costs 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Different client motivations for the use of whole life appraisal 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 The implementation of a whole life appraisal system 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 The output of whole life appraisal 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Some unresolved problems 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Whole life appraisal at the planning and design stage 45\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 The components of whole life appraisal 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Whole life costing and cost management 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Appendix to Chapter 4 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Discounting and the time value of money 65\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Discounting 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Choosing between alternative options 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Internal rate of return (IRR) 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Inflation 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Risk, uncertainty and sensitivity analysis 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Summary 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Appendix A to Chapter 5 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Appendix B to Chapter 5 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Data sources for whole life appraisal 95\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 The importance of improving data accuracy 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Shared data 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Computer aided design (CAD) 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Basic data sources 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Running costs of different types of buildings 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Data on durability and life expectancy of materials 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Operations and maintenance 115\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Maintenance 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Energy in buildings 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 A practical approach to whole life appraisal for construction 129\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Initial problems 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Using the weighted evaluation technique as a decision-making tool 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 A whole life approach involves a feedback system 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Whole life analysis 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Whole life planning 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 The relationship between whole life analysis and whole life planning 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Cost relationships 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 The sequence of whole life analysis, whole life planning and whole life management 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10 Documentation format for whole life planning 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.11 Costs and benefits 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Taxation and whole life appraisal 149\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 The implications of taxation and grants for whole life cost 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Capital allowances for facilities 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Capital allowances for machinery, plant and equipment 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Capital savings allowances and energy savings 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Integrated logistic support (ILS) 159\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 What is ILS? 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Where did ILS come from? 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 What is the difference between ILS and whole life appraisal? 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 ILS and construction 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Why use ILS? 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 The concepts of ILS 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 The main steps of ILS 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 The benefits of ILS 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 An example of ILS 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Summary for ILS 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Summary and conclusions 165\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlossary of terms used in whole life appraisal 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences and bibliography 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 181\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cstrong\u003eRoger Flanagan\u003c\/strong\u003e is the author of Whole Life Appraisal for Construction, published by Wiley. \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarol Jewell\u003c\/strong\u003e is the author of Whole Life Appraisal for Construction, published by Wiley.  Whole life appraisal entails a review not just of the capital costs of a project, but also the running and maintenance costs and is increasingly being required by clients seeking maximum value for money. This new book provides an introduction to the subject, discusses issues such as investment appraisal and life expectancy of components, and shows by means of case studies how to carry out a whole life appraisal.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47990485975269,"sku":"NP9780632050468","price":97.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780632050468.jpg?v=1761788017","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/whole-life-appraisal-for-construction-isbn-9780632050468","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}