{"product_id":"utopia-from-the-novel-to-revolution-isbn-9781839767654","title":"Utopia: From the Novel to Revolution","description":"\u003cb\u003eTHE TRANSFORMATION OF UTOPIA IN THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, FROM A ROMANTIC IDEAL TO A POLITICAL OBJECTIVE\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUntil the Age of Enlightenment, utopia was a popular literary genre, but without concrete political effects. However, in the decades leading up to 1789, its status gradually changed from an entertaining thought experiment to a socialist project. Imagining the ideal city took on the task of articulating revolutionary transformation of society towards equality and social justice.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn \u003ci\u003eUtopia\u003c\/i\u003e, Stéphanie Roza explores the nascent ideal of a community of property and labour, not yet called communism, and the thinkers who engaged with it in the lead-up to the French Revolution. These philosophers included Étienne-Gabriel Morelly, a fierce critic of private property and the mysterious author of the \u003ci\u003eCode de la Nature\u003c\/i\u003e; the Abbé de Mably, a radical republican and interlocutor of Rousseau; and Gracchus Babeuf, who, from the 1780s onwards, defended the natural right to subsistence and dreamed of a more fraternal world.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTogether, they laid the foundations for modern socialist movements. In the crucible of the French Revolution, ‘real equality’ became the goal of a handful of conspirators gathered around Babeuf, who had meanwhile become the ‘tribune of the people’. The Conspiracy of Equals was considered by Marx to be ‘the first active communist party’: the hopes and questions that ran through the group prefigured those of the militants of later periods, including today.","brand":"Penguin Random House","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46304031244517,"sku":"NP9781839767654","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781839767654.jpg?v=1767743346","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/utopia-from-the-novel-to-revolution-isbn-9781839767654","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}