{"product_id":"the-earth-through-time-isbn-9781119228349","title":"The Earth Through Time","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Earth Through Time, 11th Edition\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e, by Harold L. Levin and David T. King chronicles the Earth's story from the time the Sun began to radiate its light, to the beginning of civilization. The goal of The Earth Through Time is to present the history of the Earth, and the science behind that hsitory, as simply and clearly as possible. The authors strived to make the narrative more engaging, to convey the unique perspective and value of historical geology, and to improve the presentation so as to stimulate interest and enhance the reader's ability to retain essential concepts, long after the final exam.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 1 The Science of Historical Geology 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy Study Earth History? 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeology Lives in the Present and the Past 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Way to Solve Problems: The Scientific Method 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThree Great Themes in Earth History 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Lies Ahead? 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 2 Early Geologists Tackle History’s Mysteries 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Intrigue of Fossils 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn Early Scientist Discovers Some Basic Rules 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnglish and European Researchers Unravel the Succession of Strata 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeptunists and Plutonists Clash 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn Eighteenth]Century Naturalist Recognizes that the Present is the Key to the Past 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Principle of Fossil Succession 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Great Uniformitarianism–Catastrophism Controversy 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Principle of Cross]Cutting Relationships 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvolution: How Organisms Change Through Time 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeological History—North America 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 3 Time and Geology 33\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinding the Age of Rocks: Relative Versus Absolute Dating 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Scale of Geological Time 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbsolute Geological Time: Clocks in the Rocks 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRadioactivity Provides a Way to Date Rocks 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Occurs when Atoms Decay? 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Principal Radioactive Timekeepers 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Old is Earth? 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 4 Rocks and Minerals: Documents That Record Earth’s History 53\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMinerals as Evidence of Earth History 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMinerals and Their Properties 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommon Rock]Forming Minerals 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarth’s Three Families of Rock and How They Form 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIgneous Rocks: From Magma to Stone 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSedimentary Rocks: Layered Pages of History 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetamorphic Rocks: Changed without Melting 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 5 The Sedimentary Archives 85\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTectonic Setting is the Greatest Factor in Sediment Deposition 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironments where Deposition Occurs 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Rock Color Tells Us 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Rock Texture Tells Us 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Sedimentary Structures Tell Us 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Four Sandstone Types Reveal about Tectonic Setting 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLimestones and How they Form 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrganizing Strata to Solve Geological Problems 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSea]Level Change Means Great Environmental Change 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStratigraphy and the Correlation of Rock Bodies 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnconformities: Something is Missing 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDepicting the Past 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrand Canyon National Park, Arizona 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 6 Life on Earth: What Do Fossils Reveal? 129\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFossils: Surviving Records of Past Life 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiguring Out How Life is Organized 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvolution: Continuous Changes in Life 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvidence of Evolution 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFossils and Stratigraphy 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFossils Indicate Past Environments 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Fossils Indicate Paleogeography 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Fossils Indicate Past Climates 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn Overview of the History of Life 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 7 Plate Tectonics Underlies All Earth History 169\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarthquake Waves Reveal Earth’s Mysterious Interior 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarth’s Internal Zones 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarth’s Two Types of Crust 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlate Tectonics Ties it all Together 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrifting Continents 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvidence for Continental Drift 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePaleomagnetism: Ancient Magnetism Locked into Rocks 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eToday’s Plate Tectonics Theory 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Happens at Plate Margins? 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Drives Plate Tectonics? 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVerifying Plate Tectonics Theory 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Plumes, Hotspots, and Hawaii 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExotic Terranes 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBroken, Squeezed, or Stretched Rocks Produce Geological Structures 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHawaii Volcanoes National Park 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 8 The Earth’s Formative Stages and the Archean Eon 215\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarth in Context: A Little Astronomy 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Solar System Tour, From Center to Fringe 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFollowing Accretion, Earth Differentiates 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Primitive Atmosphere—Virtually No Oxygen 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Primitive Ocean and the Hydrologic Cycle 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrigin of Precambrian “Basement” Rocks 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Origin of Life 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVoyageurs National Park 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn Retrospect 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 9 Proterozoic: Dawn of a More Modern World 251\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHighlights of Paleoproterozoic (2.5 to 1.6 billion years ago) 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHighlights of Mesoproterozoic (1.6 to 1.0 billion years ago) 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHighlights of Neoproterozoic (1.0 to 541 million years ago) 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProterozoic Rocks of the United States 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProterozoic Life 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 10 Early Paleozoic Events 275\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDance of the Continents 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome Regions Tranquil, Others Active 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentifying the Cambrian Base 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Paleozoic Events 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCratonic Sequences: Seas Come In, Seas Go Out 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSauk and Tippecanoe Sequences 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWay out West: Events in the Cordillera 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeposition in the Far North 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDynamic Events in the East 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJasper National Park 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Caledonian Orogenic Belt 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAspects of Early Paleozoic Climate 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 11 Late Paleozoic Events 303\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeas Come in and Seas Go Out 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnrest Along the Western Margin of the Craton 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo the East, A Clash of Continents 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSedimentation and Orogeny in the West 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurope During Late Paleozoic 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGondwana During Late Paleozoic 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClimates of Late Paleozoic 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMineral Wealth in Upper Paleozoic Rocks 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcadia National Park 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 12 Paleozoic Life 335\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnimals with Shells Proliferate—and So Does Preservation 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCambrian Explosion of Life: Amazing Fossil Sites in Canada and China 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Variety of Living Strategies 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProtistans: Creatures of a Single Cell 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarine Invertebrates Populate the Seas 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdvent of the Vertebrates 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Rise of Fishes 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConodonts: Valuable but Enigmatic Fossils 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdvent of Tetrapods 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePaleozoic Plants 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMass Extinctions 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 13 Mesozoic Events 383\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Breakup of Pangea 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMesozoic in Eastern North America 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMesozoic in Western North America 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZion National Park 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Tethys Sea in Europe 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrand Staircase–Escalante National Monument 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGondwana Events 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlobal Events and Trends 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 14 Mesozoic Life 415\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClimate Controls it All 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMesozoic Invertebrates 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMesozoic Vertebrates 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDinosaurs: “Terrifying Lizards” 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDinosaur National Monument 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDinosaurs: Cold-Blooded, Warm-Blooded, or Both? 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDinosaur Parenting 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlying Reptiles 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDragons of the Seas 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Rise of Modern Birds 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Mammalian Vanguard 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSea Plants and Phytoplankton 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLand Plants 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe End-Cretaceous Catastrophe 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 15 Cenozoic Events 465\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Tectonics–Climate Connection 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStability and Erosion Along the North American Eastern Margin 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGulf Coast: Transgressing and Regressing Sea 471\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Western Cordillera 471\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCreating the Basin and Range Province 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBadlands National Park, South Dakota 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eColorado Plateau Uplift 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eColumbia Plateau and Cascades Volcanism 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSierra Nevada and California 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe New West Coast Tectonics 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCenozoic Tectonics Elsewhere 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCenozoic Climates: Global Warming then Cooling 486\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBig Freeze: The Pleistocene Ice Age 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Caused the Ice Age? 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 16 Cenozoic Life 503\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrasslands Expand, Mammals Respond 505\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlankton 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarine Invertebrates 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVertebrates 510\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMammals 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMonotremes 517\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarsupials 517\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlacental Mammals 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDemise of the Pleistocene Giants 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCHAPTER 17 Human Origins 541\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimates 542\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eModern Primates 544\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimate Beginnings 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Anthropoids 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAustralopithecine Stage and the Emergence of Hominins 550\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Species in Transition: Australopithecus Sediba 552\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHomo Erectus Stage 554\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinal Stages of Human Evolution 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHumans Arrive in the Americas 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman Population: 7 Billion and Growing 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Lies Ahead? 564\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGLOSSARY 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eINDEX 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAPPENDICES — Available online at \u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.wiley.com\/college\/levin\"\u003ewww.wiley.com\/college\/levin\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAPPENDIX A Classification of Living Things\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAPPENDIX B Physiographic Provinces of the Contiguous United States\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAPPENDIX C Periodic Table and Symbols for Chemical Elements\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAPPENDIX D Convenient Conversion Factors\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAPPENDIX E Exponential or Scientific Notation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAPPENDIX F Rock Symbols\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAPPENDIX G Bedrock Geology of North America and Central America\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHarold (\"Hal\") Levin began his career as a petroleum geologist in 1956 after receiving bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Missouri and a doctorate from Washington University. His fondness for teaching brought him  back to Washington University in 1962, where he is currently professor of geology and paleontology in  the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences. His writing efforts include authorship of seven edition of The Earth Through Time, four editions of Contemporary Physical Geology; Essentials of Earth Science and co-authorship of Earth: Past and Present, as well as eight editions of Laboratory Studies in Historical Geology; Life Through Time, and more recently, Ancient Invertebrates and Their Living Relatives.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor his courses in physical geology, historical geology, paleontology, sedimentology, and stratigraphy, Hal has received several awards for excellence in teaching. The accompanying photograph was taken during a lecture on life of the Cenozoic Era. The horse skull serves to illustrate changes in the teeth and jaws of grazing animals in response to the spread of prairies and savannahs during the Miocene and subsequent epochs.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47990210527461,"sku":"NP9781119228349","price":100.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781119228349.jpg?v=1761786920","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/the-earth-through-time-isbn-9781119228349","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}