{"product_id":"the-delphi-technique-in-nursing-and-health-research-isbn-9781405187541","title":"The Delphi Technique in Nursing and Health Research","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Delphi Technique in Nursing and Health Research\u003c\/i\u003e is a practical guide to using the Delphi methodology for students and researchers in nursing and health. It adopts a logical step-by-step approach, introducing the researcher to the Delphi, outlining its development, analysing key characteristics and parameters for its successful use and exploring its applications in nursing and health. The book addresses issues of methodology, design, framing the research question, sampling, instrumentation, methodological rigour, reliability and validity, and methods of data analysis.\u003ci\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Delphi Technique in Nursing and Health Research\u003c\/i\u003e enables the reader to be aware of the limitations of the technique and possible solutions, to design a Delphi questionnaire for each of the different rounds of a study, to consider different approaches to the technique in relation to a study, to analyse the data from each round of a Delphi study, and to understand the importance of feedback between rounds.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eKey Features\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul type=\"disc\"\u003e \u003cli\u003eA practical guide to facilitate use of the Delphi technique\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eProvides the reader with the necessary information to participate in and conduct Delphi studies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eExamines different types of Delphi, including the e-Delphi, and modifications made to the technique\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes examples of real empirical investigations, brief case scenarios and key learning points for each chapter\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eExplores the role of the Delphi researcher\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eExplores ethical issues and issues of anonymity, use of experts and controlled feedback\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface ix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements x\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 The Delphi Technique 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistory of the technique 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat is the Delphi technique? 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefining the Delphi technique 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Delphi process 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOriginal Delphi 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdea generation 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePriority setting versus consensus 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNon-consensus Delphi 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypes of Deplhi 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow has the Delphi evolved? 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSampling and the use of experts 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefining ‘expert’ 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmploying an expert panel 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSize of the expert panel 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValid opinion 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnonymity 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuasi-anonymity 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup dynamics 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDelphi rounds 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 1 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubsequent rounds 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResponse rates 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnhancing response rate 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsensus 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDoes consensus exist in expert panels? 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcept of consensus 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncreasing popularity in nursing and health research 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComparison of the Delphi with other consensus methods 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNominal group technique 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsensus conference 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey learning points 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommended further reading 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Debates, Criticisms and Limitations of the Delphi 18\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe qualitative-quantitative debate – which paradigm does the Delphi belong to? 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCriticisms of the Delphi technique 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLack of universal guidelines 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSize of expert panel 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImplications of lack of anonymity 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExpert ‘opinion’ 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLevel of consensus 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLimitations of the Delphi 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePressures of conformity 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDemanding nature of the technique 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey learning points 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommended further reading 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Applications of the Delphi in Nursing and Health Research 32\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistorical application of the Delphi technique in nursing 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentification of clinical nursing research priorities 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTrends of the Delphi in nursing 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey learning points 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommended further reading 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 How to Get Started with the Delphi Technique 43\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreparation and practicalities 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuitability of the Delphi 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAvailability of resources 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLevel of consensus 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentifying target sample – panel of experts 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWho is the target population? 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow do you select your experts? 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSampling criteria 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat size does the sample have to be? 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResponse rate and attrition 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeciding on nature and delivery of the first round 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGaining names and addresses 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeciding on a ‘return by’ date 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdministration 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInvitation to participate 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExplicit cover letter outlining the working of the Delphi 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesign of questionnaire 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdministration systems 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMailing 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaximising response rate 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContent analysis 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProcess 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey learning points 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommended further reading 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Conducting the Research Using the Delphi Technique 69\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst round 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Delphi 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eModified Delphi 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReturn of first round 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsideration of sample size and number of items generated 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBootstrapping 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContent analysis 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubsequent rounds 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 2 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCover letter explaining Round 2 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInstructions for Round 2 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesigning Round 2 questionnaires 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLikert scales 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 2 analysis 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample motivation 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFollow-ups\/reminders 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 3 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndividual and group feedback 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 3 analysis 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of rounds 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen to stop 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen not to stop 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReaching consensus 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey learning points 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommended further reading 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Analysing Data from a Delphi and Reporting Results 84\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of Round 1 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContent analysis – the practical aspects 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDemographics for sample profiling 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of middle rounds (Round 2) 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsensus level 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistical analysis 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistical feedback to panel 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExclusion of items with consensus 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of end round (Round 3) 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetermining the end of the process 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistical analysis 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eItems that have gained consensus 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eItems that have not gained consensus 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStability of responses 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamples of statistical analysis used in recent Delphi studies 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReporting of results from a Delphi study 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey learning points 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommended further reading 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Reliability and Validity 96\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReliability 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCriteria to assess rigour 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResponse rates as a measure of rigour 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIs the definitive answer reached? 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValidity 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContent validity 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCriterion-related validity 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThreats to validity 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey learning points 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommended further reading 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Ethical Considerations 105\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEthical principles 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespect for human dignity 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJustice 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrinciple of beneficence 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrinciple of non-maleficence 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe role of the researcher 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEthics documentation 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey learning points 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommended further reading 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 A Classical Delphi Design Case Study 114\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBackground 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethods 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInitial considerations 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnhancing response rates 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentifying and accessing the sample 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 1 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 2 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLessons learned 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther information 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublications 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 A Modified Delphi Case Study 125\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAims of the study 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethodology 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExpert panel 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 1 – focus groups 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDelphi Round 2 – postal round 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 3 – postal round 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsensus conference 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResults 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommissioning of health and social care 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLeadership 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneric and specialist roles 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical governance 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTeamwork 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic involvement 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEducation 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractical training versus academia 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAttitudes to nurse training and education 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultidisciplinary education in nurse training 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunication 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecommendations 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommissioning of health and social care 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLeadership 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneric and specialist roles 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClinical governance 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTeamwork 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic involvement 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEducation 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunication 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReflections on the modified Delphi 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther information 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublications 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 e-Delphi Case Study 142\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSetting a consensus level 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTheoretical framework 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData collection and analysis 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesign of instrument 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePilot study 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 1 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 2 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 3 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEthical considerations 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResults 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 1 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 2 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRound 3 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReflections on the e-Delphi 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther information 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublications 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnnotated Bibliography 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 193\u003c\/p\u003e  \"This book is easy to understand and is excellent for learning the Delphi technique. It is a must for anyone wanting to use this technique.\" (Doody's, 9 September 2011)  \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDr Sinead Keeney\u003c\/b\u003e is a Senior Lecturer in the Institute of Nursing Research at the University of Ulster. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFelicity Hasson\u003c\/b\u003e is a Senior Lecturer in the Institute of Nursing Research at the University of Ulster. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProfessor Hugh McKenna\u003c\/b\u003e is Dean of the Faculty of Life and Health Sciences at the University of Ulster.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Delphi Technique in Nursing and Health Research\u003c\/i\u003e is a practical guide to using the Delphi methodology for students and researchers in nursing and health. It adopts a logical step-by-step approach, introducing the researcher to the 'Delphi', outlining its development, analysing key characteristics and parameters for the successful application of the Delphi and exploring its applications in nursing and health. The book addresses issues of methodology, design, framing the research question, sampling, instrumentation, methodological rigour, reliability and validity, and methods of data analysis. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Delphi Technique in Nursing and Health Research\u003c\/i\u003e enables the reader to be aware of the limitations of the technique and possible solutions, to design a Delphi questionnaire for each of the different rounds of a study, to consider different approaches to the technique in relation to a study, to analyse the data from each round of a Delphi study and understand the importance of feedback between rounds. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eKey Points\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eA practical guide to facilitate use of the 'Delphi' technique\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eProvides the reader with the necessary information to participate in and conduct Delphi studies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eExamines different types of Delphi, including the e-Delphi, and modi??? cations made to the technique\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes examples of real empirical investigations, brief case scenarios and key learning points for each chapter\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eExplores the role of the Delphi researcher\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eExplores ethical issues and issues of anonymity, use of experts and controlled feedback\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47990204858597,"sku":"NP9781405187541","price":58.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781405187541.jpg?v=1761786896","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/the-delphi-technique-in-nursing-and-health-research-isbn-9781405187541","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}