{"product_id":"the-cortex-and-the-critical-point-isbn-9780262544030","title":"The Cortex and the Critical Point","description":"\u003cb\u003eHow the cerebral cortex operates near a critical phase transition point for optimum performance.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIndividual neurons have limited computational powers, but when they work together, it is almost like magic. Firing synchronously and then breaking off to improvise by themselves, they can be paradoxically both independent and interdependent. This happens near the critical point: when neurons are poised between a phase where activity is damped and a phase where it is amplified, where information processing is optimized, and complex emergent activity patterns arise. The claim that neurons in the cortex work best when they operate near the critical point is known as the \u003ci\u003ecriticality hypothesis\u003c\/i\u003e. In this book John Beggs—one of the pioneers of this hypothesis—offers an introduction to the critical point and its relevance to the brain.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDrawing on recent experimental evidence, Beggs first explains the main ideas underlying the criticality hypotheses and emergent phenomena. He then discusses the critical point and its two main consequences—first, scale-free properties that confer optimum information processing; and second, universality, or the idea that complex emergent phenomena, like that seen near the critical point, can be explained by relatively simple models that are applicable across species and scale. Finally, Beggs considers future directions for the field, including research on homeostatic regulation, quasicriticality, and the expansion of the cortex and intelligence. An appendix provides technical material; many chapters include exercises that use freely available code and data sets.Acknowledgments ix\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction 1\u003cbr\u003eI Background \u003cbr\u003e1 The Main Idea 9\u003cbr\u003e2 Emergent Phenomena 27\u003cbr\u003eII The Critical Point and Its Consequences\u003cbr\u003e3 The Critical Point 51\u003cbr\u003e4 Optimality 73\u003cbr\u003e5 Universality 93\u003cbr\u003eIII Future Directions\u003cbr\u003e6 Homeostasis and Health 109\u003cbr\u003e7 Quasicriticality 131\u003cbr\u003e8 Cortex 145\u003cbr\u003e9 Epilogue 163\u003cbr\u003eAppendix 169\u003cbr\u003eNotes 183\u003cbr\u003eReferences 185\u003cbr\u003eIndex 201“Throughout this expert introduction to the criticality hypothesis, Beggs deploys just the right amount of technical precision to make the science satisfyingly detailed while not losing sight of the big picture. It is highly recommended to anyone interested in learning more about new physical principles that can embrace and explain the complexity of the brain.” \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e—Ed Bullmore, University of Cambridge, UK\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e“There is nothing more interesting in the universe than the cerebral cortex, a small thin sheet of neural tissue that mysteriously generates our mental world. In this book, Beggs has a go at explaining how that magic happens.” \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e—Rafael Yuste, Columbia University\u003c\/b\u003eJohn M. Beggs is Professor of Physics at Indiana University.","brand":"The MIT Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46305261420773,"sku":"NP9780262544030","price":50.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780262544030.jpg?v=1767738836","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/the-cortex-and-the-critical-point-isbn-9780262544030","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}