{"product_id":"the-condition-of-the-working-class-in-england-isbn-9780140444865","title":"The Condition of the Working Class in England","description":"Written when Engels was only twenty-four, and inspired in particular by his time living among the poor in Manchester, this forceful polemic explores the staggering human cost of the Industrial Revolution in Victorian England. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEngels paints an unforgettable picture of daily life in the new industrial towns, and for miners and agricultural workers—depicting overcrowded housing, abject poverty, child labour, sexual exploitation, dirt and drunkenness—in a savage indictment of the greed of the bourgeoisie. His fascinating later preface, written for the first English edition of 1892 and included here, brought the story up to date in the light of forty years’ further reflection. A masterpiece of committed reporting and an impassioned call to arms, this is one of the great pioneering works of social history. \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e Based on the original translation by Florence Wischnewetzky, this volume is edited by Victor Kiernan, whose foreword considers Engels’s friendship with Marx, and the book’s position as a seminal work of socialism. Also included are notes, a detailed index, new chronology and further reading and a revised forward.  The Condition of the Working Class in England - Friedrich Engels       \u003ci\u003eEdited with a Foreword by Victor Kiernan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword\u003cbr\u003eTo the Working Classes of Great Britain\u003cbr\u003ePreface to the First German Edition\u003cbr\u003ePreface to the English Edition\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eIntroduction\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe state of the workers before the Industrial Revolution\u003cbr\u003eThe jenny\u003cbr\u003eEmergence of the industrial and the agricultural proletariat\u003cbr\u003eThe throstle, the mule, the power-loom, the steam-engine\u003cbr\u003eThe victory of machine-work over hand-work\u003cbr\u003eThe development of industrial might\u003cbr\u003eThe cotton industry\u003cbr\u003eThe hosiery manufacture\u003cbr\u003eThe manufacture of lace\u003cbr\u003eDyeing, bleaching, printing\u003cbr\u003eThe manufacture of wool\u003cbr\u003eThe linen trade\u003cbr\u003eThe manufacture of silk\u003cbr\u003eThe production and manufacture of iron\u003cbr\u003eCoal-mining\u003cbr\u003eThe production of pottery\u003cbr\u003eAgriculture\u003cbr\u003eRoadways, canals, railroads, steamboats\u003cbr\u003eSummary\u003cbr\u003eThe emergence of the proletariat as a factor of national importance\u003cbr\u003eThe middle-class's view of the workers\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe Industrial Proletariat\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eClassification of the proletariat\u003cbr\u003eCentralization of property\u003cbr\u003eThe levers of modern manufacture\u003cbr\u003eCentralization of population\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe Great Towns\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe impression produced by London\u003cbr\u003eThe social war and the system of general plundering\u003cbr\u003eThe lot of the poor\u003cbr\u003eGeneral description of the slums\u003cbr\u003eIn London: St. Giles and the adjoining quarters\u003cbr\u003eWhitechapel\u003cbr\u003eThe interior of the workers' dwellings\u003cbr\u003eThe homeless in the parks\u003cbr\u003eNight refuges\u003cbr\u003eDublin\u003cbr\u003eEdinburgh\u003cbr\u003eLiverpool\u003cbr\u003eFactory towns: Nottingham, Birmingham, Glasgow, Leeds, Bradford, Huddersfield\u003cbr\u003eLancashire: General description\u003cbr\u003eBolton\u003cbr\u003eStockport\u003cbr\u003eAshton-under-Lyne\u003cbr\u003eStalybridge\u003cbr\u003eDetailed description of Manchester: the general system of its building\u003cbr\u003eThe Old Town\u003cbr\u003eThe New Town\u003cbr\u003eThe method of construction of working-men's quarters\u003cbr\u003eCourts and side streets\u003cbr\u003eAncoats\u003cbr\u003eLittle Ireland\u003cbr\u003eHulme\u003cbr\u003eSalford\u003cbr\u003eSummary\u003cbr\u003eLodging-houses\u003cbr\u003eOvercrowdedness of population\u003cbr\u003eCellar dwellings\u003cbr\u003eThe clothing of the workers\u003cbr\u003eFood\u003cbr\u003eTainted meat\u003cbr\u003eAdulteration of provision\u003cbr\u003eFalse weights, etc.\u003cbr\u003eGeneral conclusion\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eCompetition\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCompetition among the workers determines the minimum of wages, competition among the property-holding people determines their maximum\u003cbr\u003eThe worker, the slave of the bourgeoisie, is forced to sell himself by the day, and by the hour\u003cbr\u003eSurplus population\u003cbr\u003eCommercial crises\u003cbr\u003eA reserve army of workers\u003cbr\u003eThe hard lot of this reserve army during the crisis of 1842\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eIrish Immigration\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe causes and figures\u003cbr\u003eDescription by Thomas Carlyle\u003cbr\u003eLack of cleanliness, crudeness and drunkenness among the Irishmen\u003cbr\u003eThe influence of Irish competition and of the contacts with the Irish upon the English workers\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eResults\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreliminary remarks\u003cbr\u003eThe influence of the above-described conditions on the health of the workers\u003cbr\u003eThe influence of large towns, dwellings, uncleanliness, etc.\u003cbr\u003eThe facts\u003cbr\u003eConsumption\u003cbr\u003eTyphus, in particular in London, Scotland, and Ireland\u003cbr\u003eDigestive troubles\u003cbr\u003eThe results of drunkenness\u003cbr\u003eQuack remedies\u003cbr\u003e\"Godfrey's Cordial\"\u003cbr\u003eMortality among workers, especially among young children\u003cbr\u003eAccusation of the bourgeoisie of social murder\u003cbr\u003eInfluence on the mental and moral condition of the workers\u003cbr\u003eAbsence of the necessary conditions for education\u003cbr\u003eInadequacy of evening and Sunday schools\u003cbr\u003eIgnorance\u003cbr\u003eThe worker's living conditions give him a sort of practical training\u003cbr\u003eNeglect of the workers' moral training\u003cbr\u003eThe law as the only instructor in morals\u003cbr\u003eThe worker's conditions of life tempt him to disregard law and morality\u003cbr\u003eThe influence of poverty  and insecurity of existence upon the proletariat\u003cbr\u003eForced work\u003cbr\u003eThe centralization of the population\u003cbr\u003eIrish immigration\u003cbr\u003eThe difference in character between the worker and the bourgeois\u003cbr\u003eThe proletarian's advantages over the bourgeois\u003cbr\u003eThe unfavourable sides of the proletarian character\u003cbr\u003eDrunkenness\u003cbr\u003eSexual irregularities\u003cbr\u003eNeglect of family duties\u003cbr\u003eContempt for the existing social order\u003cbr\u003eCrimes\u003cbr\u003eDescription of the social war\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSingle Barnches of Industry. Factory-hands\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe influence of machinery\u003cbr\u003eHand-loom weavers\u003cbr\u003eThe work of men being superseded by machinery\u003cbr\u003eFemale labour, the dissolution of the family\u003cbr\u003eThe reversal of all relations within the family\u003cbr\u003eThe moral consequences of the mass employment of women in factories\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJus primae noctis\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe work of children\u003cbr\u003eThe apprentice system\u003cbr\u003eSubsequent measures\u003cbr\u003eThe facts related by the Factory Report\u003cbr\u003eLong working-day\u003cbr\u003eNight-work\u003cbr\u003eCripples\u003cbr\u003eOther deformities\u003cbr\u003eThe nature of factory work\u003cbr\u003eRelaxation of the whole organism\u003cbr\u003eSpecial diseases\u003cbr\u003eTestimony of the Commissioners\u003cbr\u003ePremature old age\u003cbr\u003eThe specific influence of factory work upon the female physique\u003cbr\u003eSome especially injurious branches\u003cbr\u003eAccidents\u003cbr\u003eThe bourgeoisie's opinion of the factory system\u003cbr\u003eFactory laws and agitation for the Ten Hours' Bill\u003cbr\u003eThe stupefying and demoralizing nature of factory work\u003cbr\u003eSlavery\u003cbr\u003eFactory regulations\u003cbr\u003eThe truck system\u003cbr\u003eThe cottage system\u003cbr\u003eThe comparison of the serf of 1145 with the free working man of 1845\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe Remaining Branches of Industry\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eStocking-weavers\u003cbr\u003eThe lace industry\u003cbr\u003eCalico printers\u003cbr\u003eStaffordshire\u003cbr\u003eSheffield\u003cbr\u003eProduction of machinery\u003cbr\u003ePotteries in the north of Staffordshire\u003cbr\u003eManufacture of glass\u003cbr\u003eHandicraftsmen\u003cbr\u003eDressmakers and sewing-women\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eLabour Movements\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreliminary remarks\u003cbr\u003eCrimes\u003cbr\u003eRevolts against machinery\u003cbr\u003eAssociations, strikes\u003cbr\u003eThe objects of the unions and strikes\u003cbr\u003eExcesses connected with them\u003cbr\u003eThe general character of the struggle waged by the English proletariat against the bourgeoisie\u003cbr\u003eThe battle in Manchester in May 1843\u003cbr\u003eRespect for the law is alien to the proletariat\u003cbr\u003eChartism\u003cbr\u003eThe history of the Chartist movement\u003cbr\u003eInsurrection of 1842\u003cbr\u003eThe decisive separation of proletarian Chartism from bourgeois radicalism\u003cbr\u003eThe social nature of Chartism\u003cbr\u003eSocialism\u003cbr\u003eThe working men's views\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe Mining Proletariat\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCornish miners\u003cbr\u003eAlston Moor\u003cbr\u003eCoal and iron mines\u003cbr\u003eThe work of grown-up men, women and children\u003cbr\u003eSpecial afflictions\u003cbr\u003eWork in low shafts\u003cbr\u003eAccidents, explosions, etc.\u003cbr\u003eMental education\u003cbr\u003eMorals\u003cbr\u003eLaws relating to the mining industry\u003cbr\u003eSystematic exploitation of the coal-miners\u003cbr\u003eThe beginning of the workers' movement\u003cbr\u003eThe union of coal-miners\u003cbr\u003eThe great campaign of 1844 in the north of England\u003cbr\u003eRoberts and the campaign against Justices of the Peace and the truck system\u003cbr\u003eThe results of the struggle\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe Agricultural Proletariat\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHistorical survey\u003cbr\u003ePauperism in the country\u003cbr\u003eThe condition of the wage-workers\u003cbr\u003eIncendiarisms\u003cbr\u003eIndifference to the Corn Laws\u003cbr\u003eReligious state of the agricultural labourers\u003cbr\u003eWales: small tenants\u003cbr\u003e\"Rebecca\" disturbances\u003cbr\u003eIreland: subdivision of the land\u003cbr\u003ePauperization of the Irish nation\u003cbr\u003eCrimes\u003cbr\u003eAgitation for the repeal of the union with England\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe Attitude of the Bourgeoisie towards the Proletariat\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDemoralization of the English bourgeoisie\u003cbr\u003eIts avarice\u003cbr\u003ePolitical economy and free competition\u003cbr\u003ePharisaic charity\u003cbr\u003eThe hypocrisy of political economy and politics in the question of the Corn Laws\u003cbr\u003eBourgeois legislation and justice\u003cbr\u003eThe bourgeoisie in Parliament\u003cbr\u003eA bill regulating the relation of master and servant\u003cbr\u003eMalthus's theory\u003cbr\u003eThe Old Poor Law\u003cbr\u003eThe New Poor Law\u003cbr\u003eExamples of the brutal treatment of the poor in the workhouses\u003cbr\u003eThe chances of the English bourgeoisie\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eIndex\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA note on the text:\u003cbr\u003eThe text printed here is basically the original translation made by Florence Wischnewetzky for the American edition which Engels published in 1886; however, it is taken from the Moscow English edition, whose editors checked it against the German first edition for accuracy, and it has given some stylistic revision for this Penguin Classics edition.\u003c\/p\u003eBorn in Westphalia in 1820, \u003cb\u003eFriedrich Engels\u003c\/b\u003e was the son of a textile manufacturer. After military training in Berlin and already a convert to communism, Engels went to Manchester in 1842 to represent the family firm. A relationship with a mill-hand, Mary Bums, and friendship with local Owenites and Chartists helped to inspire his famous early work, \u003cb\u003eThe Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844\u003c\/b\u003e. Collaboration with Marx began in 1844 and in 1847 he composed the first drafts of the \u003cb\u003eManifesto\u003c\/b\u003e. After playing an active part in the German revolutions, Engels returned to work in Manchester until 1870, when he moved to London. He not only helped Marx financially, but reinforced their shared position through his own expositions of the new theory.  After Marx’s death, he prepared the unfinished volumes of \u003cb\u003eCapital\u003c\/b\u003e for publication.  He died in London in 1895.","brand":"Penguin Classics","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46305080213733,"sku":"NP9780140444865","price":17.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780140444865.jpg?v=1767738812","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/the-condition-of-the-working-class-in-england-isbn-9780140444865","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}