The Brain and Obesity, Volume 1264

The prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased over the last 25 years. In the United States, it is estimated that two-thirds of the population is either overweight or obese. This increase will undoubtedly continue to have profound medical, economic, and psychosocial consequences. As obesity and its medical complications become more common, novel inter-disciplinary approaches are emerging to help understanding the complex regulation of eating behavior and body weight. Although the notion that the brain is critical in regulating food intake and body weight is becoming more commonly accepted, innovative ideas examining this complex relationship must be pursued. Stemming from a 2007–2008 lecture series at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases, this Annals volume presents a series of up-to-date reviews that evaluate the role played by the brain in body weight regulation.

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The Brain and Obesity Lectures Series - the beginning of a new field? Giovanni Cizza Kristina I. Rother vii

Conjectures on some curious connections among social status, calorie restriction, hunger, fatness, and longevity Kathryn A. Kaiser Daniel L: Smith David B. Allison 1

Role of the blood-brain barrier in the evolution of feeding and cognition William A. Banks 13

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sex hormones in chronic stress and obesity: pathophysiological and clinical aspects Renato Pasquali 20

Food reward in the obese and after weight loss induced by calorie restriction and bariatric surgery Hans-Rudolf Berthoud Huiyuan Zheng Andrew C. Shin 36

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a regulator of systemic and brain energy metabolism and cardiovascular health Sarah M. Rothman Kathleen J. Griffioen Ruiqian Wan Mark P. Mattson 49

Leptin action on nonneuronal cells in the CNS: potential clinical applications Weihong Pan Hung Hsuchou Bhavaani Jayaram Reas S. Khan Eagle Yi-Kung Huang Xiaojun Wu Chu Chen Abba J. Kastin 64

Brain orexin promotes obesity resistance Catherine Kotz Joshua Nixon Tammy Butterick Claudio Perez-Leighton Jennifer Teske Charles Billington 72

Visceral adipose tissue: emerging role of gluco- and mineralocorticoid hormones in the setting of cardiometabolic alterations Marco Boscaro Gilberta Giacchetti Vanessa Ronconi 87

The circadian clock transcriptional complex: metabolic feedback intersects with epigenetic control Selma Masri Loredana Zocchi Sayako Katada Eugenio Mora Paolo Sassone-Corsi 103

Interacting epidemics? Sleep curtailment, insulin resistance, and obesity ElianeA. Lucassen Kristina I. Rother Giovanni Cizza 110

Childhood obesity and sleep: relatives, partners, or both?-a critical perspective on the evidence David Gozal Leila Kheirandish-Gozal 135

Giovanni Cizza and Kristina I. Rother are the authors of The Brain and Obesity, Volume 1264, published by Wiley.