{"product_id":"separation-process-principles-isbn-9781119239598","title":"Separation Process Principles","description":"\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eSeparation Process Principles with Applications Using Process Simulator, 4th Edition\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e is the most comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of the major separation operations in the chemical industry. The 4th edition focuses on using process simulators to design separation processes and prepares readers for professional practice. Completely rewritten to enhance clarity, this fourth edition provides engineers with a strong understanding of the field. With the help of an additional co-author, the text presents new information on bioseparations throughout the chapters. A new chapter on mechanical separations covers settling, filtration and centrifugation including mechanical separations in biotechnology and cell lysis. Boxes help highlight fundamental equations. Numerous new examples and exercises are integrated throughout as well. \u003cp\u003eAbout the Authors iii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to the Fourth Edition v\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Nomenclature xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDimensions and Units xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1. Separation Processes 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0 Instructional Objectives 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Industrial Chemical Processes 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Basic Separation Techniques 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Separations by Phase Creation 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Separations by Phase Addition 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Separations by Barrier 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Separations by an External Field or Gradient 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Brief Comparison of Common Separation Operations 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Separation Processes, Product Purity, Component Recovery, and Separation Sequences 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2. Thermodynamics of Separation Operations 16\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 Instructional Objectives 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Phase Equilibria 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Ideal-Gas, Ideal-Liquid-Solution Model 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Graphical Representation of Thermodynamic Properties 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Nonideal Thermodynamic Property Models 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 P-v-T Equation-of-State (EOS) Models 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Highly Nonideal Liquid Solutions 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Gibbs Excess Free-Energy (g E) Models 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Predictive Models 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Electrolyte Solution Models 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10 Polymer Solution Models 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11 K-Value Methods in Process Simulators 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.12 Exergy and Second-Law Analysis 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3. Mass Transfer and Diffusion 46\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0 Instructional Objectives 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Steady-State, Ordinary Molecular Diffusion 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Diffusion Coefficients (Diffusivities) 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Steady-State and Unsteady-State Mass Transfer Through Stationary Media 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Mass Transfer in Laminar Flow 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Mass Transfer in Turbulent Flow 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Models for Mass Transfer in Fluids with a Fluid–Fluid Interface 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Two-Film Theory and Overall Mass-Transfer Coefficients 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4. Single Equilibrium Stages and Flash Calculations 87\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.0 Instructional Objectives 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Gibbs’ Phase Rule and Degrees of Freedom 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Binary Vapor–Liquid Systems at Equilibrium 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Equilibrium Two-Phase Flash Calculations 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Ternary Liquid–Liquid Systems at Equilibrium 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Multicomponent Liquid–Liquid Systems 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Liquid–Solid Systems 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Gas–Liquid Systems 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Gas–Solid Systems 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9   Three-Phase Equilibrium Systems 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5. Multistage Cascades and Hybrid Systems 118\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.0 Instructional Objectives 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Cascade Configurations 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Single-Section Liquid–Liquid Extraction Cascades 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Two-Section Distillation Cascades 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Membrane Cascades 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Hybrid Systems 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Degrees of Freedom and Specifications for Cascades 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6. Absorption and Stripping 137\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.0 Instructional Objectives 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Equipment for Vapor–Liquid Separations 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 General Design Considerations 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Graphical Method for Trayed Towers 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Kremser Group Method for Multicomponent Absorption and Stripping 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Stage Efficiency and Column Height for Trayed Columns 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Flooding, Column Diameter, and Tray Layout for Trayed Columns 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Rate-Based Method for Packed Columns 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Packed-Column Liquid Holdup, Diameter, Flooding, Pressure Drop, and Mass-Transfer Efficiency 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Reactive (Chemical) Absorption 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7. Distillation of Binary Mixtures 191\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.0 Instructional Objectives 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Equipment and Design Considerations 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 McCabe–Thiele Graphical Method for Trayed Towers 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Extensions of the McCabe–Thiele Method 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Estimation of Tray Efficiency for Distillation 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Column and Reflux-Drum Diameters 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Rate-Based Method for Packed Distillation Columns 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8. Liquid–Liquid Extraction with Ternary Systems 231\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.0 Instructional Objectives 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Equipment for Solvent Extraction 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 General Design Considerations 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Hunter–Nash Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Theory and Scale-Up of Extractor Performance 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9. Approximate Methods for Multicomponent Distillation 267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.0 Instructional Objectives 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Fenske–Underwood–Gilliland (FUG) Method 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Using the Shortcut (FUG) Method with Process Simulators 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10. Equilibrium-Based Methods for Multicomponent Absorption, Stripping, Distillation, and Extraction 284\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.0 Instructional Objectives 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Simple Model for a Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Stage 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Evolution of Methods for Solving the Mesh Equations 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Strategies for Applying Process-Simulator Methods 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Main Mathematical Procedures 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Bubble-Point (BP) and Sum-Rates (SR) Methods 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Simultaneous-Correction Method 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Inside-Out Method 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Rigorous Methods for Liquid–Liquid Extraction 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11. Enhanced Distillation and Supercritical Extraction 320\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.0 Instructional Objectives 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Use of Triangular Graphs 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Extractive Distillation 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3   Salt Distillation 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4   Pressure-Swing Distillation 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5   Homogeneous Azeotropic Distillation 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Heterogeneous Azeotropic Distillation 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7   Reactive Distillation 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8   Supercritical-Fluid Extraction 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12. Rate-Based Models for Vapor–Liquid Separation Operations 368\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.0   Instructional Objectives 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1   Rate-Based Model 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2   Thermodynamic Properties and Transport-Rate Expressions 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3   Methods for Estimating Transport Coefficients and Interfacial Area 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4   Vapor and Liquid Flow Patterns 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5   Method of Calculation 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13. Batch Distillation 385\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.0 Instructional Objectives 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Differential Distillation 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Binary Batch Rectification 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3   Batch Stripping and Complex Batch Distillation 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4   Effect of Liquid Holdup 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Stage-by-Stage Methods for Batch Rectification 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Intermediate-Cut Strategy 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7   Optimal Control by Variation of Reflux Ratio 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14. Membrane Separations 408\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.0 Instructional Objectives 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Membrane Materials 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Membrane Modules 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Mass Transfer in Membranes 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Dialysis 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Electrodialysis 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Reverse Osmosis 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Gas Permeation 438\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Pervaporation 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15. Adsorption, Ion Exchange, and Chromatography 451\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.0 Instructional Objectives 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Sorbents 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Equilibrium Considerations 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Kinetic and Transport Rate Considerations 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Equipment for Sorption Operations 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Slurry and Fixed-Bed Adsorption Systems 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Continuous, Countercurrent Adsorption Systems 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Ion-Exchange Cycle 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Chromatographic Separations 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature, Summary, References, Study Questions, Exercises\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnswers to Selected Exercises 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 521\u003c\/p\u003e   \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDid You Know?\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThis book is also available as a Wiley eText.\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Wiley eText is a complete digital version of the text that makes time spent studying more efficient. 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