{"product_id":"problem-solving-approaches-for-maintaining-operational-excellence-in-process-plants-isbn-9781394207152","title":"Problem Solving Approaches for Maintaining Operational Excellence in Process Plants","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComprehensive reference providing methods for process engineers and operators to solve challenging process problems and develop working hypotheses for typical process equipment\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eProblem Solving Approaches for Maintaining Operational Excellence in Process Plants\u003c\/i\u003e provides a template for achieving an enhanced level of operating efficiency in chemical processing plants and refineries. With examples included throughout to demonstrate key concepts, this book includes methods for formulating working hypotheses for typical process equipment such as pumps, compressors, heat exchangers\/furnaces, fractionating towers, and reactors, with additional information on defining and setting metrics and the application of the techniques in unusual situations, as well as the application of these techniques in view of commercially available computer simulation programs. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book covers topics including initial considerations in problem solving, basic steps in problem solving, and verification of process instrument data, with solved problems showing how techniques can be applied to prime movers, plate processes, kinetically limited processes, and unsteady state problems. This newly revised and updated Second Edition includes coverage of the latest research and developments in the field. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWritten by a team of highly qualified industry professionals, \u003ci\u003eProblem Solving Approaches for Maintaining Operational Excellence in Process Plants\u003c\/i\u003e includes discussion on: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLumped parameters as the ideal approach to determine values for key performance indicators (KPIs)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTheoretical KPIs in comparison to actual operation as a method to find “hidden problems”\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSituations where experience-based solutions are unavailable due to lack of technically trained personnel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSolutions to problems where a previous analysis has confirmed a need for new equipment or enhanced operating procedures\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDigital twins and their usefulness in predicting yields, executing plant operations, and training operating and technical personnel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eProblem Solving Approaches for Maintaining Operational Excellence in Process Plants\u003c\/i\u003e is an essential reference on the subject for chemical engineers, industrial engineers, process operators, process shift supervisors, chemical engineers with minimal exposure to industrial calculations, and industrial managers who are looking for techniques to improve organization problem solving skills. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Focus of Book 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Metrics and KPIs 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Finding Hidden Problems 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Experience-Based Solutions 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Achieving and Maintaining Operational Excellence 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 How to Achieve and Maintain Operational Excellence 7\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 What is Operational Excellence? 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 What is the Value of Operational Excellence? 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 What are the Limitations to Achieving and Maintaining Operational Excellence? 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Achieving and Maintaining Operational Excellence 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Initial Considerations 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 An Electrical Problem 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 A Coffeemaker Problem 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Applications of Concepts to Plant Problem Solving 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Limitations to Problem Solving in Process Plants 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Successful Plant Problem Solving 29\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Finding Problems with a Daily Monitoring System 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Solving Problems with a Disciplined Learned Problem-Solving Approach 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Determining the Optimum Technical Depth 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Using the Directionally Correct Hypothesis Approach 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Examples of Plant Problem Solving 49\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Industrial Examples 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Polymerization Reactor Example 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Application of the Disciplined Problem-Solving Approach 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Lessons Learned 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Multiple Engineering Disciplines Example 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Application of Disciplined Problem-Solving Approach 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Lessons Learned 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 A Logical, Intuitive Approach Fails 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Lessons Learned 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Development of Working Hypotheses 67\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Areas of Technology 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Formulating Hypotheses Via Key Questions 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Beauty of a Simplified Approach 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Verification of Proposed Hypotheses 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 One Riot—One Ranger 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Application to Prime Movers 75\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Kinetic Systems 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Pump Calculations 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Centrifugal Compressor Calculations 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Displacement Systems 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Displacement Pump Calculations 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Calculations for Positive Displacement Compressors 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Problem-Solving Considerations for Both Systems 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8.1 Compressors 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8.2 Pumps 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Example Problem 7.1 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Lessons Learned 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 Example Problem 7.2 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Lessons Learned 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.13 Example Problem 7.3 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.14 Example Problem 7.4 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.15 Lessons Learned 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.16 Example Problem 7.5 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.17 Example Problem 7.6 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.18 Lessons Learned 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.19 Example Problem 7.7 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.20 Lessons Learned 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.21 Example Problem 7.8 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.22 Lessons Learned 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Application to Plate Processes 135\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Fractionation with Sieve Trays 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Problem-Solving Considerations for Fractionating Towers 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Development of Theoretically Sound Working Hypotheses 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Problem-Solving Reboiler Circuits 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Example Problem 8.1 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Lessons Learned 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Application to Kinetically Limited Processes 155\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Kinetically Limited Models 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Limitations to the Lumped Parameter Approach 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Guidelines for Utilization of this Approach for Plant Problem Solving 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Example Problem 9.1 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Lessons Learned 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Technique for Estimating Polymer–Volatile Equilibrium 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Example Problem 9.2 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Lessons Learned 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 Example Problem 9.3 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11 Lessons Learned 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Application to Unsteady State 187\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Approach to Unsteady State Problem Solving 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Example Problems 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Problem 10.1 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Lessons Learned 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Example Problem 10.2 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Lessons Learned 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Final Words 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Application to Other Plant Improvements 209\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Debottlenecking Reactors 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Kinetics 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Heat Removal 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Stepwise Procedure 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 Real Life Example 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.5 Macro Heat Removal 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.6 Micro Heat Removal 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Real-World Hydraulic Debottleneck 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Introduction 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Always Account for Non-idealities 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 A Quick Guide for a Successful Hydraulic Test Run 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 A Recommended Workflow for an Effective Hydraulic Revamp 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4.1 Utilize Equipment\/Device’s Characteristics 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4.2 Use a Calibrated Hydraulic Model 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.5 Maximize Diesel Production by Revamping the Draw-off System 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.6 A New Feed Preheater for Energy Saving 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.7 Increase Wash Water Flow to Reduce the Corrosion Rate 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.8 Improve Diesel Recovery from a Crude Distillation Column 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.9 Other Considerations 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Debottlenecking By Improving Operating Procedures 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Improving Water Clarification 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1.1 Introduction to Water Clarification 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1.2 Sand Filtration Basics 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1.3 Evaluate Backwash Performance 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1.4 Operational Issues Related to Inefficient Backwash 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1.5 Field Techniques for Backwash Tuning 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1.6 A Real-World Example 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1.7 Other Tips 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Trust Creating a Disaster—Heat Exchanger Corrosion from Improper Cooling Water System Operation 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Background 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Penny Wise, Pound Foolish—Misconception of Cooling Water System Operation 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 Take Ownership 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Applications of Novel Process Engineering Fundamentals to Plant Problem Solving 255\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Novel Approaches to Plant Problems 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Mostly used Engineering Fundamentals to Solve Plant Problems 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Application of New Engineering Fundamentals to Plant Maintenance Problems (Example Problem 12.1) 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Application of the Disciplined Problem-Solving Approach 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Lessons Learned 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Tank Roof Raising for Maintenance Example 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Application of the Disciplined Problem-Solving Approach 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Lessons Learned 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Verification of Process Instrumentation Data 265\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Data Verification Via Technical Resources 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Flow Measurement 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Temperature Measurement 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Pressure Measurement 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Level Measurement 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Data Verification Via Human Resources 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Example Problems 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Example Problem 13.1 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.10 Lessons Learned 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.11 Example Problem 13.2 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12 Lessons Learned 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.13 Example Problem 13.3 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.14 Example Problem 13.4 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.15 Lessons Learned 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Successful Plant Tests 291\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Ingredients for Successful Plant Tests 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Pretest Instrument and Laboratory Procedure Evaluation 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Statement of Anticipated Results 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Potential Problem Analysis 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Explanation to Operating Personnel 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Formal Post-Test Evaluation and Documentation 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Examples of Plant Tests 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 Example Plant Test 14.1 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10 Lessons Learned 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.11 Example Plant Test 14.2 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.12 Lessons Learned 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.13 More Complicated Plant Tests 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.14 Other Uses for Plant Tests 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.15 Key Plant Tests Considerations 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Utilization of Commercially Available Simulation Tools 309\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Process Simulation and Modern Chemical Engineering 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Breaking Down the Problem 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Green Field Problem Example 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1 Situation 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.2 Input Parameter 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.3 Output Parameter 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.4 Design Parameters 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Brown Field Problem Example 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.1 Input Parameter 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2 Output Parameter 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.3 Design Parameters 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Do Not Gamble with Physical Properties for Simulations 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Examples—Effects of Equation of State on the Required Compression Power and Cooling Duty 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1 Input Parameter 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2 Output Parameter 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.3 Design Parameters 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Be Skeptical with your Initial Design Assumptions 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Obtaining a High-Quality Plant Data for your Process Model 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Verifying your Plant Data 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.10 Example—Heat Balance of Heavy Gas Oil Pumparound 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.11 Reconciling your Data 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.12 Example—Hydrocracking Catalyst Testing 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.13 Model Calibration 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.14 Process Simulation as a Training Tool 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Putting it Altogether 339\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Do Not Forget to Use Fundamentals 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Example Problem 16.1: Do Fundamental Processes Developed in the United States Translate to Europe? 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Lessons Learned 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Example Problem 16.2: An Embarrassing Moment 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Lessons Learned 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Example Problem 16.3: Prime Mover Problems are not Always What They Appear To Be 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Lessons Learned 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9 Example Problem 16.4: The Value of a Potential Problem Analysis 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.10 Lessons Learned 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.11 Example Problem 16.5 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.12 Lessons Learned 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 A Final Note 379\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix Conversion Factors from English Units to CGS Units 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 385\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eJoseph M. Bonem\u003c\/b\u003e is an engineering consultant specializing in the area of polymers with prior experience at ExxonMobil Chemicals in the fields of elastomers and plastics. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNattapong Pongboot\u003c\/b\u003e is a chemical engineer with hands-on experience in refining and petrochemical technologies. He is a Project Manager under the Refinery Catalyst Testing group at Avantium R\u0026amp;D Solutions. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWiroon Tanthapanichakoon\u003c\/b\u003e is a process engineering consultant, engineering training business owner, and the CEO of Global R\u0026amp;D Co. Ltd., Thailand.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComprehensive reference providing methods for process engineers and operators to solve challenging process problems and develop working hypotheses for typical process equipment\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eProblem Solving Approaches for Maintaining Operational Excellence in Process Plants\u003c\/i\u003e provides a template for achieving an enhanced level of operating efficiency in chemical processing plants and refineries. With examples included throughout to demonstrate key concepts, this book includes methods for formulating working hypotheses for typical process equipment such as pumps, compressors, heat exchangers\/furnaces, fractionating towers, and reactors, with additional information on defining and setting metrics and the application of the techniques in unusual situations, as well as the application of these techniques in view of commercially available computer simulation programs. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book covers topics including initial considerations in problem solving, basic steps in problem solving, and verification of process instrument data, with solved problems showing how techniques can be applied to prime movers, plate processes, kinetically limited processes, and unsteady state problems. This newly revised and updated Second Edition includes coverage of the latest research and developments in the field. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWritten by a team of highly qualified industry professionals, \u003ci\u003eProblem Solving Approaches for Maintaining Operational Excellence in Process Plants\u003c\/i\u003e includes discussion on: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLumped parameters as the ideal approach to determine values for key performance indicators (KPIs)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTheoretical KPIs in comparison to actual operation as a method to find “hidden problems”\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSituations where experience-based solutions are unavailable due to lack of technically trained personnel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSolutions to problems where a previous analysis has confirmed a need for new equipment or enhanced operating procedures\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDigital twins and their usefulness in predicting yields, executing plant operations, and training operating and technical personnel\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eProblem Solving Approaches for Maintaining Operational Excellence in Process Plants\u003c\/i\u003e is an essential reference on the subject for chemical engineers, industrial engineers, process operators, process shift supervisors, chemical engineers with minimal exposure to industrial calculations, and industrial managers who are looking for techniques to improve organization problem solving skills.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989858992357,"sku":"NP9781394207152","price":135.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781394207152.jpg?v=1761785702","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/problem-solving-approaches-for-maintaining-operational-excellence-in-process-plants-isbn-9781394207152","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}