{"product_id":"open-ran-isbn-9781119885993","title":"Open RAN","description":"\u003cb\u003eOpen RAN\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA comprehensive survey of Open RAN technology and its ecosystem\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn \u003ci\u003eOpen RAN: The Definitive Guide\u003c\/i\u003e, a team of distinguished industry leaders deliver an authoritative guide to all four principles of the Open RAN vision: openness, virtualization, intelligence, and interoperability. Written by the industry experts currently defining the specifications, building the systems, and testing and deploying the networks, the book covers O-RAN architecture, the fronthaul interface, security, cloudification, virtualization, intelligence, certification, badging, and standardization. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis critical reference on Open RAN explains how and why an open and disaggregated, intelligent, and fully virtualized network is the way networks should be designed and deployed moving forward. Readers will also find: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA thorough introduction from key industry players, including AT\u0026amp;T, Telefonica, Mavenir, VMWare, Google and VIAVI\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eComprehensive explorations of Open X-Haul transport networks and other unique 5G capabilities\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePractical discussions of the four pillars of O-RAN architecture: openness, virtualization, intelligence, and interoperability\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eComprehensive treatments of how smaller vendors can introduce their own services and customize the network\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerfect for engineers, product managers, and marketing professionals in the telecom industry, \u003ci\u003eOpen RAN: The Definitive Guide \u003c\/i\u003ewill also benefit graduate students, researchers, and engineers in government agencies with involvement in the wireless and telecom industries. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForeword xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Authors xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinitions \/ Acronyms xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 The Evolution of RAN 1\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSameh M. Yamany\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 RAN Architecture Evolution 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 The 2G RAN 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 The 3G RAN 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 The 4G\/LTE RAN 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.4 The 5G RAN 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 The Case for Open RAN 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 6G and the Road Ahead 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Conclusion 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Open RAN Overview 14\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRittwik Jana\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 What is Open RAN and Why is it Important? 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 How Does Open RAN Accelerate Innovation? 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3 What are the major challenges that Open RAN can help to address? 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Open RAN Architecture 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Open RAN Cloudification and Virtualization 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 RAN Intelligence 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Fronthaul Interface and Open Transport 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Securing Open RAN 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Open Source Software 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 RAN Automation and Deployment with CI\/CD 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Open RAN Testing 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10 Industry Organizations 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.11 Conclusion 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 O-RAN Architecture Overview 24\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRajarajan Sivaraj and Sridhar Rajagopal\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 General Description of O-RAN Functions 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.1 Centralized Unit – Control Plane and User Plane Functions (CU-CP and CU-UP) 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.2 Distributed Unit Function (DU) 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.3 Radio Unit Function (RU) 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.4 Evolved Node B (eNB) 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) and Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Functions 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Interfaces 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Near-RT RIC Architecture 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Standard Functional Architecture Principles 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 E2 Interface Design Principles 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 xApp API Design Architecture 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Non-RT RIC Architecture 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Standard Functional Architecture Principles 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 A1 Interface Design Principles 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 R1 API Design Principles for rApps 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 SMO Architecture 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Standard Functional Architecture Principles 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 O1 Interface Design Principles 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Open M-Plane Fronthaul Design Principles 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 O2 Interface Design Principles 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Other O-RAN Functions and Open Interfaces 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 O-RAN compliant Centralized Unit Control Plane (O-CU-CP) 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1.1 Control Plane Procedures 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1.2 Management Plane Procedures 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 O-CU-UP 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2.1 Control Plane Procedures 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2.2 User Plane Procedures 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2.3 Management Plane Procedures 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3 O-DU 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3.1 Control Plane Procedures 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3.2 User Plane Procedures 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3.3 Management Plane Procedures 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.4 O-eNB 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.5 O-RU 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Conclusion 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Cloudification and Virtualization 59\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePadma Sudarsan and Sridhar Rajagopal\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Virtualization Trends 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Openness and Disaggregation with vRAN 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Cloud Deployment Scenarios 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Private, Public, and Hybrid Cloud 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Telco Features Required for “Any Cloud” Deployment 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 On Premise, Far Edge, Edge, and Central Deployments 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Classical, Virtual Machines (VMs), Containers, and Hybrid Deployments 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Unwinding the RAN Monolith 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Adapting Cloud-Native Principles 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Architectural Patterns 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Software Architecture Portability and Refactoring Considerations 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Compute Architecture Consideration 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Orchestration, Management, and Automation as Key to Success 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Acceleration Abstraction Layer 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Cloud Deployment Workflow Automation 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Summary 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 RAN Intelligence 77\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDhruv Gupta, Rajarajan Sivaraj, and Rittwik Jana\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Challenges and Opportunities in Building Intelligent Networks 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Background on Machine Learning Life Cycle Management 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 ML-Driven Intelligence and Analytics for Non-RT RIC 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 ML-Driven Intelligence and Analytics for Near-RT RIC 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 E2 Service Models for Near-RT RIC 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 E2SM-KPM 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 E2SM-RC 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.3 Other E2SMs 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 ml Algorithms for Near-RT RIC 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7.1 Reinforcement Learning Models 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Near-RT RIC Platform Functions for AI\/ML Training 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 RIC Use Cases 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10 Conclusion 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 The Fronthaul Interface 91\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAditya Chopra\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 The Lower-Layer Split RAN 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Lower Layer Fronthaul Split Options 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Option 8 Split – CPRI and eCPRI 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Option 6 Split – FAPI and nFAPI 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Subinterfaces 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Architecture Agnostic Deployment 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Option 7 Split – O-RAN Alliance Open Fronthaul 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Control (C) and User (U) Plane 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Management (M) Plane 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Synchronization (S) Plane 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Key Features 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4.1 Fronthaul Compression 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4.2 Delay Management 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4.3 Beamforming 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4.4 Initial Access 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4.5 License Assisted Access and Spectrum Sharing 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Conclusions 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Open Transport 105\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eReza Vaez-Ghaemi and Luis Manuel Contreras Murillo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Requirements 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Fronthaul Requirements 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Midhaul Requirements 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Backhaul Requirements 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Synchronization Requirements 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 WDM Solutions 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Passive WDM 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Active WDM 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Semiactive WDM 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Packet-Switched Solutions 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Technology Overview 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Deployment Patterns 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Connectivity Service and Protocols 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Quality of Service (QoS) 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Management and Control Interface 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Control and Management Architecture 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Interaction with O-RAN Management 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Synchronization Solutions 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Synchronization Baseline 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.2 Synchronization Accuracy and Limits 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Testing 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Conclusion 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 O-RAN Security 121\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAmy Zwarico\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Zero Trust Principles 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Threats to O-RAN 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Stakeholders 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Threat Surface and Threat Actors 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Overall Threats 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Threats Against the Lower Layer Split (LLS) Architecture and Open Fronthaul Interface 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.5 Threats Against O-RU 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.6 Threats Against Near- and Non-Real-Time RICs, xApps, and rApps 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.7 Threats Against Physical Network Functions (PNFs) 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.8 Threats Against SMO 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.9 Threats Against O-Cloud 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.10 Threats to the Supply Chain 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.11 Physical Threats 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.12 Threats Against 5G Radio Networks 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.13 Threats to Standards Development 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Protecting O-RAN 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Securing the O-RAN-Defined Interfaces 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1.1 A1 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1.2 O1 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1.3 O2 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1.4 E2 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1.5 Open Fronthaul 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1.6 R1 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1.7 3GPP Interfaces 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Securing the O-Cloud 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 Container Security 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.4 O-RAN Software Security 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.5 Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Recommendations for Vendors and MNOs 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Conclusion 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Open RAN Software 137\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDavid Kinsey, Padma Sudarsan, and Rittwik Jana\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 O-RAN Software Community (OSC) 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 OSC Projects 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 The Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Near-RT RIC (RIC) 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 O-CU-CP and O-CU-UP 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.5 O-DU Project 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.6 O-RU 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.7 O-Cloud 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.8 The AI\/ML Framework 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.9 Support Projects 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Open Network Automation Platform (ONAP) 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Netconf\/YANG Support 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Configuration Persistence 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 VES Support 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 A1 Support 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.5 Optimization Support 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Other Open-Source Communities 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Conclusion 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Open RAN Deployments 145\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSidd Chenumolu\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Network Architecture 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Network Components 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1.1 Antenna 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1.2 O-RAN – Radio Unit 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1.3 O-RAN-Distributed Unit (O-DU) 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1.4 O-RAN-Centralized Unit (O-CU) 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1.5 RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Traditional vs. O-RAN Deployment 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Typical O-RAN Deployment 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Spectrum and Regulatory 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Network Planning and Design 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Cell Site Design 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Network Function Placement 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Dimensioning 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3.1 Application Dimensioning 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3.2 Platform Dimensioning 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Virtualization Impact 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.1 Non-Uniform Memory Access 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.2 Hyper-Threading 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.3 CPU Pinning 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.4 Huge Page 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.5 Single Root Input\/Output Virtualization 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.6 PCI Passthrough 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.7 Data Plane Development Kit 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.8 Resource Director Technology 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.9 Cache Allocation Technology 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.10 Resource Overcommitment 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.11 Operating System 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4.12 K8S Impact 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.5 Networking Hardware 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.6 Hardware Type 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.7 Reliability and Availability 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.8 Impact of Network Slicing 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Network Deployment 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 DU Deployment 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1.1 DU Deployed at a Centralized Data Center 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1.2 Timing Design When DU is at the dc 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1.3 DU Deployed at Cell Site 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 CU Deployment 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Radio Unit Instantiation 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.4 Radio Unit Management 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.4.1 Hierarchical Management Architecture Model 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.4.2 Hybrid Management Architecture Model 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.5 Network Management 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.6 Public Cloud Provider Overview 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.6.1 Native Services 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.6.2 CD Pipeline 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.6.3 Cluster Creation and Management 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.6.4 Transport Design 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.7 Life Cycle Management of NFs 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.8 Network Monitoring and Observability 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.8.1 Prometheus 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.8.2 Jaeger 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.8.3 Fluentd and Fluentbit 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.8.4 Probing 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.9 Network Inventory 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.10 Building the Right Team 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Conclusion 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Open RAN Test and Integration 172\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eIan Wong, Ph.D.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Testing Across the Network Life Cycle 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 O-RAN ALLIANCE Test and Integration Activities 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Test Specifications 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Conformance Test Specifications 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2.1 A1 Interface Test Specification (O-RAN.WG2.A1TS) 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2.2 E2 Interface Test Specification (O-RAN.WG3.E2TS) 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2.3 Open Fronthaul Conformance Test Specification (O-RAN.WG4.CONF) 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2.4 Xhaul Transport Testing (O-RAN.WG9.XTRP-Test.0) 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2.5 Security Test Specifications (O-RAN.SFG.Security-Test-Specifications) 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Interoperability Test Specifications 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3.1 Fronthaul Interoperability Test Specification (O-RAN.WG4.IOT.0-09.00) 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3.2 Open F1\/W1\/E1\/X2\/Xn Interoperability Test Specification (O-RAN.WG5.IOT.0) 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3.3 Stack Interoperability Test Specification (O-RAN.WG8.IOT) 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 End-to-End Test Specifications 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.5 O-RAN Certification and Badging 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.6 Open Test and Integration Centers 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.7 O-RAN Global PlugFests 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Conclusion 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Other Open RAN Industry Organizations 191\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAditya Chopra, Manish Singh, Prabhakar Chitrapu, Luis Lopes, and Diane Rinaldo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Telecom Infra Project 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Organizational Structure 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Core Activities 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Trials and Deployments 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Small Cell Forum 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 A History of Openness at SCF 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Alignment with the 3GPP and O-RAN Alliance Solutions 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 3rd Generation Partnership Project 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Open RAN Policy Coalition 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Conclusion 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 201\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIan C. Wong, PhD, \u003c\/b\u003eis Director of RF and Wireless Architecture at VIAVI Solutions. He is co-chair of the Test and Integration Focus group in the O-RAN Alliance and a Senior Member of the IEEE. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAditya Chopra, PhD, \u003c\/b\u003eis a communication systems engineer with over 10 years’ experience in wireless standards and transceiver design. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSridhar Rajagopal, PhD, \u003c\/b\u003eis a SVP and Senior Fellow at Mavenir Systems, where he leads customer engineering and radio integration for Mavenir’s Open RAN products. He has co-invented around 50 issued US patents and is a senior member of IEEE. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRittwik Jana, PhD, \u003c\/b\u003eis currently a Telco analytics and automation engineer at Google. He is an industry expert with over 25 years of experience in numerous wireless technologies and standards.    \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA comprehensive survey of Open RAN technology and its ecosystem\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn \u003ci\u003eOpen RAN: The Definitive Guide\u003c\/i\u003e, a team of distinguished industry leaders deliver an authoritative guide to all four principles of the Open RAN vision: openness, virtualization, intelligence, and interoperability. Written by the industry experts currently defining the specifications, building the systems, and testing and deploying the networks, the book covers O-RAN architecture, the fronthaul interface, security, cloudification, virtualization, intelligence, certification, badging, and standardization. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis critical reference on Open RAN explains how and why an open and disaggregated, intelligent, and fully virtualized network is the way networks should be designed and deployed moving forward. Readers will also find: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA thorough introduction from key industry players, including AT\u0026amp;T, Telefonica, Mavenir, VMWare, Google and VIAVI\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eComprehensive explorations of Open X-Haul transport networks and other unique 5G capabilities\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePractical discussions of the four pillars of O-RAN architecture: openness, virtualization, intelligence, and interoperability\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eComprehensive treatments of how smaller vendors can introduce their own services and customize the network\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerfect for engineers, product managers, and marketing professionals in the telecom industry, \u003ci\u003eOpen RAN: The Definitive Guide \u003c\/i\u003ewill also benefit graduate students, researchers, and engineers in government agencies with involvement in the wireless and telecom industries.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-IEEE Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989717631205,"sku":"NP9781119885993","price":135.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781119885993.jpg?v=1761785229","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/open-ran-isbn-9781119885993","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}