{"product_id":"misinformation-and-society-isbn-9781394236459","title":"Misinformation and Society","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA comprehensive guide to understanding and addressing political and scientific misinformation\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn our increasingly interconnected world, misinformation spreads faster than ever, influencing public opinion, political outcomes, and personal beliefs. In \u003ci\u003eMisinformation and Society\u003c\/i\u003e, Yotam Ophir takes an interdisciplinary approach to unravel the complexities of misinformation in its various forms.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOffering invaluable insights into the history, psychology, and social impact of misinformation, this timely book provides you with the tools to critically analyze misinformation’s origins, effects, and solutions. From understanding the cognitive processes that make individuals vulnerable to false information, to exploring the societal impact of viral misinformation, \u003ci\u003eMisinformation and Society\u003c\/i\u003e delivers deep insights into one of the most pressing issues of our time.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrawing on research from fields such as communication, political science, and psychology, Ophir presents in-depth case studies of high-profile events such as Brexit and COVID-19, clearly demonstrating how misinformation has shaped public discourse. Through clear and engaging writing, the author presents evidence-based strategies to address misinformation in a variety of specific real-world contexts, such as conspiracy theories, public health disinformation, fabricated political news, and more.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRequiring no previous background in the subject, \u003ci\u003eMisinformation and Society\u003c\/i\u003e is essential reading for undergraduate and graduate students in Media Studies, Political Science, Communication, and Public Health, as well as journalists, educators, policymakers, and general readers interested in media literacy, information integrity, and the challenges posed by misinformation in the Digital Age.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xvi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart One The Problem 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIntroduction: What Is Truth Anyway? 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWelcome to the Post- Truth Era? 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrave Consequences 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Arguments and Structure of the Book 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1 An Old Problem in a New Environment 14\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChange #1: A New Information Environment 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Talking to Writing 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom the Big Six to the Great Democratizing Internet 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEverybody’s a Content Creator: Web 2.0 and the Birth of Social Media 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChange #2: A New Political Environment 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Constant Rain of Consequential Falsehoods 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMisinformation from Within 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNot Caring When He’s Wrong 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Lot of People Are Saying 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConspiracy Theories at the White House 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMoving Forward 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2 The Many Faces of Misinformation 34\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Rise and Fall (and Rise Again) of Propaganda 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Problem with Fake News 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRumors 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConspiracy Theories 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome Conspiracies Are Real 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWho Believes in Conspiracy Theories 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Business of Conspiracy Theories 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeaponized Conspiracy Theories 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConspiracy Theories Become Mainstream Again 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOld Wine in a New Bottle 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart Two Believing 63\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3 The Psychology and Cognitions Behind Misbeliefs 65\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaking Sense of Information 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Elusive Meaning of Evidence 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFluency and Familiarity 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMental Models 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSource Credibility 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Do We Assess Credibility? 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe Don’t Always Remember Who the Source Even Was 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Most Trusted Source: Ourselves 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Format Effect 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Power of Images 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Long History of Image Manipulation 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGraphs, Numbers, and Maps 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrom Images to Audiovisual Manipulations 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHere Comes AI 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Is So Different About AI? 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen AI Fails 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4 Knowledge Versus Beliefs 90\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn Being Ignorant 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKnowledge about What? 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Deficit Model 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMoving Away from the Deficit Model 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelectivity as a Defense Mechanism 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMotivated Reasoning and Cognitive Dissonance 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrategies to Solve a Dissonant Feeling 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTorn Between Two Goals 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelective Exposure 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Person with a Conviction is Hard to Change 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart Three Spreading 107\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5 The Spread of Misinformation 109\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMisinformation Often Goes Viral 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMisinformation Shared by Friends and Family Matters 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy Does Misinformation Prevail Online 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNot a Level Playing Field 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSo, What Do Algorithms Do? 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy and What We Share with Other People 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial Currency 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTriggers 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmotions 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtility 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNarratives 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSharing Misinformation 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Science of Virality 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6 Misinformation from Elites 123\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMisinformation from the Government 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMisinformation from the Mass Media 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Brief Primer on Media Effects 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe First Era of Perceived Media Effects 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Second Era of Perceived Media Effects 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Third Era of Perceived Media Effects 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDo Journalists Spread Biased Misinformation on Purpose? 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIf Not Driven by Bias, Why Do Journalists Spread Misinformation? 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSometimes Journalists Do Lie 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Case of Fox News 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe 21\u003csup\u003est\u003c\/sup\u003e Century: New Technologies, New Exaggerated Expectations 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHope of Deliverance: The Early Days of the Web 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMisinformation from Entertainment Media 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCultivation Effects 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStereotypes 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMisinformation from Industries and Corporations 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Systematic Denial of Climate Science 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 7 Misinformation from Nonelites 148\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Instagramable Life 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome Nonelites Lie Significantly More Than Others 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMisbelieving Together 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStop the Steal 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWho Is a Human Anyway? Trolls, Bots, and Sock Puppets 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForeign Interference 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart Four In Context 161\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 8 Misinformation and Politics 163\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSimple Minds, Gordian Knots 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Do Citizens Know (or not) About Politics? 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Power of Social Identity 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Great Political Realignment 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePolitical Polarization or Political Sorting? 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAffective Polarization 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Dangers of Group Identification 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Age of Mega- Identities 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe New Rattlers and Eagles 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelective Exposure Revisited 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpilogue: Political Polarization, Intolerance, and Misinformation 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 9 Misinformation and Science 181\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunicating Science Effectively 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBecause It Works? 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBecause Scientists are Smart and Competent? 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBecause Science Relies on Methods of Observation? 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScience as a Collective Effort 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Failures of News Media When Communicating Science 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunicating Science is Hard and May Come at a Cost 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Rise of Alternative Medicine 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIneffective Treatments Can Still Be Unsafe 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen Anti-Vaccine Sentiment Intersects with Politics 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10 The Politicization of Science 204\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAttacks from the Left 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Science Wars 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScience Enters the Culture War 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Should Be Considered a Part of the Culture Wars? 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScience and Culture Wars 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart Five Intervening 223\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 11 Who Should Fight Misinformation? 225\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarket Facilitators, Editors, and Organizers 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransparency and Data Sharing 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperts, Advocates, and Club Coordinators 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Can Journalists Do to Restore Trust? 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGovernmental Regulation and Legislation 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Problem with Self- Regulation 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhat Now? 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReconsidering Anti- Trust Procedures 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAre Interventions Even Useful? 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlternatives to Content Moderation 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHope for Education 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 12 Uphill Battles, or Why Corrections Fail 252\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMental Models 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFluency and Familiarity 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBelief Echoes 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSome Solutions Are Better Than Others 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmotional Causal Narratives 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsidering Values, Worldview, Morality, and Faith 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInoculation 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRestoring Trust in Liberal Democratic Institutions 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 325\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eYOTAM OPHIR, PhD,\u003c\/b\u003e is an Associate Professor of Communication at the University at Buffalo, and a Distinguished Fellow at the Annenberg Public Policy Center at the University of Pennsylvania. His research focuses on media effects, misinformation, conspiracy theories and extremism. Ophir has published over 50 peer-reviewed papers in leading journals, including the \u003ci\u003eProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eAmerican Journal of Public Health\u003c\/i\u003e, and \u003ci\u003eJournal of Communication\u003c\/i\u003e. He is the co-author of the book \u003ci\u003eDemocracy amid Crises: Polarization, Pandemic, Protests, \u0026amp; Persuasion\u003c\/i\u003e. He has been featured in numerous outlets, including The New York Times, The Washington Post, NBC News, NPR, The BBC, and more. In 2024, Ophir was selected as one of Ten Scientists to Watch by Science News magazine.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA Comprehensive Guide to Understanding and Addressing Political and Scientific Misinformation\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn our increasingly interconnected world, misinformation spreads faster than ever, influencing public opinion, political outcomes, and personal beliefs. In \u003ci\u003eMisinformation and Society\u003c\/i\u003e, Yotam Ophir takes an interdisciplinary approach to unravel the complexities of misinformation in its various forms. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOffering invaluable insights into the history, psychology, and social impact of misinformation, this timely book provides you with the tools to critically analyze misinformation’s origins, effects, and solutions. From understanding the cognitive processes that make individuals vulnerable to false information, to exploring the societal impact of viral misinformation, \u003ci\u003eMisinformation and Society\u003c\/i\u003e delivers deep insights into one of the most pressing issues of our time. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDrawing on research from fields such as communication, political science, and psychology, Ophir presents in-depth case studies of high-profile events such as Brexit and COVID-19, clearly demonstrating how misinformation has shaped public discourse. Through clear and engaging writing, the author presents evidence-based strategies to address misinformation in a variety of specific real-world contexts, such as conspiracy theories, public health disinformation, fabricated political news, and more. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRequiring no previous background in the subject, \u003ci\u003eMisinformation and Society\u003c\/i\u003e is essential reading for undergraduate and graduate students in Media Studies, Political Science, Communication, and Public Health, as well as journalists, educators, policymakers, and general readers interested in media literacy, information integrity, and the challenges posed by misinformation in the Digital Age.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989631353061,"sku":"NP9781394236459","price":39.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781394236459.jpg?v=1761784884","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/misinformation-and-society-isbn-9781394236459","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}