{"product_id":"microsurgery-in-endodontics-isbn-9781118452998","title":"Microsurgery in Endodontics","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMicrosurgery in Endodontics \u003c\/i\u003eprovides the definitive reference to endodontic microsurgery, with instructive photographs and illustrations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eProvides a definitive reference work on endodontic microsurgery\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes contributions from pioneers and innovators in the field of microsurgical endodontics\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDescribes techniques for a wide range of microsurgical procedures\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes more than 600 instructive illustrations and photographs\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContributors xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 The Dental Operating Microscope 1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFrank Setzer\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Benefits of the Operating Microscope 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Key Features of Operating Microscopes 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Customizing a Microscope 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Light Source 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 Documentation 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.3 Individual Microscope Adjustment (Parfocaling) 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Microsurgical Instruments 9\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSeungHo Baek and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Examination Instruments 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Incision and Elevation Instrument 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Tissue Retraction Instruments 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Osteotomy Instruments 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Curettage Instruments 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Inspection Instruments 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Ultrasonic Units and Tips for Root End Preparation 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Microplugger Instruments 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Suturing Instruments 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.10 Miscellaneous Instruments 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw and Endodontic Microsurgery 25\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eChafic Safi and Bekir Karabucak\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Indications and Contraindications 31\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eBekir Karabucak and Garrett Guess\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Surgical Success Dependent on Ability to Perform Ideal Protocols 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Etiology Assessment through Examination and Treatment 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Periodontal Considerations and Surgery 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Influential Patient Factors 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Condition of Previous Endodontic Treatment 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Anesthesia and Hemostasis 39\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSiva Rethnam-Haug, Aleksander Iofin, and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Armamentarium 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Epinephrine 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Presurgical Phase 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Administration of Local Anesthetic 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Injection Techniques 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Topical Anesthesia 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Additional Techniques 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.5 Maxillary Anesthesia 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.6 Mandibular Anesthesia 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.7 Bilateral Mandibular Surgery 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Surgical Phase 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Topical Hemostatic Agents 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1.1 Epinephrine Pellets 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1.2 Ferric Sulfate 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Summary of Hemostatic Techniques in Endodontic Microsurgery 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Postsurgical Phase 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Flap Design in Endodontic Microsurgery 49\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFrancesco Maggiore and Frank Setzer\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Armamentarium 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Flap Outline 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Papilla Management 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3 Incision 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.4 Flap Elevation 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.5 Flap Retraction 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Osteotomy 57\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFrancesco Maggiore and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Armamentarium 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Osteotomy 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Distinction between Bone and Root Tip 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Clinical Situations for Endodontic Microsurgery 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Intact Cortical Plate without a Radiographic Periapical Lesion 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Intact Cortical Plate with a Periapical Lesion 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Fenestration through the Cortical Plate Leading to the Apex 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Optimal Osteotomy Size 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Key Hole Osteotomy Modification 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.3 BoneWindow Technique 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Root End Resection 67\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSpyros Floratos, Fouad Al-Malki, and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Armamentarium 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Root End Resection 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Root End Resection: Steep Bevel versus Shallow Bevel 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Inspection of the Resected Root Surface: Importance of Isthmus 73\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSpyros Floratos, Jorge Vera, Fouad Al-Malki, and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Armamentarium 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Methylene Blue Staining (MBS) 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Isthmus 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.3 Types of Isthmus 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.4 Incidence 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.5 Histological Findings of Isthmus 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.6 Clinical Significance and Management 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Ultrasonic Root End Preparation 83\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSpyros Floratos and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Armamentarium 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 MTA and Bioceramic Root End Filling Materials 91\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSujung Shin, Ian Chen, Bekir Karabucak, SeungHo Baek, and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Advantages of MTA 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1.1 Sealing Ability 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1.2 Biocompatibility and Bioactivity 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.2 Drawbacks of MTA 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Bioceramics 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 MTA and Bioceramic Application During Apicoectomy 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Other Types of Cements for Root End Filling 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM) 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 Super Ethoxybenzoic Acid (SuperEBA) 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 Geristore and Retroplast 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.4 New Types of Cements for Root End Filling 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Flap Reposition and Suturing 101\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFrancesco Maggiore and Meetu Kohli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Suture Removal 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 PeriapicalWound Healing 113\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eIngrida Dapkute, Georges Bandelac, Chafic Safi, and Frank Setzer\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Principles ofWound Healing 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Healing after Apical Microsurgery 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Incomplete Healing\/Scar Formation 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Evaluation of Healing after Apical Surgery 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Healing Evaluation Using CBCT 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Cone Beam Computed Tomography 119\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGarrett Guess, Fouad Al-Malki,Meetu Kohli, Bekir Karabucak, and Samuel Kratchman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 How CBCT Works 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Indications and Clinical Applications 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Mental Nerve Management 143\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePaula Mendez-Montalvo, Fouad Al-Malki, and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Armamentarium 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.1 Mental Foramen and Nerve 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.1.1 Location 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.1.2 Anterior Loop 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.1.3 Number of Mental Foramina 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.2 Mental Foramen Detection on Radiographs 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.2.1 Periapical Radiograph 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.2.2 Panoramic Films 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.2.3 Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.3 Neurosensory Alteration 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.3.1 Surgical Technique to Avoid Iatrogenic Mental Nerve Trauma and Injury 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.4 Groove Technique Using Piezoelectric Surgery 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Maxillary Posterior Surgery, the Sinus, andManaging Palatal Access 151\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGarrett Guess and Samuel Kratchman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Maxillary Premolars 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1.1 Access 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1.2 Instrumentation 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Sinus Exposure 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Maxillary First Molars 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Access 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Palatal Approach 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Second Molars 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.1 Periodontal Aspects 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Surgical Root Perforation Repair 163\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRaed Kasem, Samuel Kratchman, and Meetu Kohli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Possible Challenges to Non-surgical Perforation Repair 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Factors that Enhance Positive Long-Term Prognosis for Perforation Repair 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Surgical Perforation Repair Techniques 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Surgical Treatment for External Root Resorption 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Intentional Replantation 179\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDavid Li and Samuel Kratchman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Armamentarium 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.1 Success Rate 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.2 Indications 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.3 Replantation or Apicoectomy 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.4 Extraction 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.5 Extraoral Phase 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.6 Storage Medium 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.7 Replantation 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.8 Splinting 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.9 Postop Instructions 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.10 Cone Beam CT Scan 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1.11 Repairing Procedural Mishaps 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Guided Tissue Regeneration in Endodontic Microsurgery 193\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGarrett Guess and Samuel Kratchman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Implants versus Endodontic Microsurgery 205\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFrank Setzer and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Historical Perspective 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Benefits of Implants 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Long-Term Prognosis of Dental Implants 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Implant Complications 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Long-Term Prognosis of Endodontically Treated Teeth with Root End Surgery 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Conclusion 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Prognosis of Endodontic Microsurgery 213\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeetu Kohli and Euiseong Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Best Available Evidence 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Parameters for Success: Clinical and Radiographic 2D 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Parameters for Success: “Penn 3D Criteria” for Assessing Healing on CBCT 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Reversal of Success 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 TraditionalMethods 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Modern Technique versus the Complete Microsurgical Approach 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7 Root End Filling Materials 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.8 Case Selection 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.9 Resurgery 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.10 Summary 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Positioning 221\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSamuel Kratchman and Syngcuk Kim\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Armamentarium 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuggested Readings 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 227\u003c\/p\u003e   \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e Syngcuk Kim,\u003c\/b\u003e DDS, PhD, MD (Hon), is Louis I. Grossman Professor and Chairman Emeritus in the Department of Endodontics and Associate Dean for Global Affairs at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, and maintains a private practice in New York, New York, USA.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e Samuel Kratchman,\u003c\/b\u003e DMD, is Clinical Associate Professor and Assistant Director of Graduate Endodontics and Director of Microsurgery in the Department of Endodontics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, and maintains three private practices limited to endodontics in Exton, West Chester, and Paoli, Pennsylvania, USA.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e Associate Editors\u003cbr\u003e Bekir Karabucak,\u003c\/b\u003e DMD, MS, is Chair and Associate Professor of Endodontics, Director of the Postdoctoral Endodontics Program, and Director of the Division of Advanced Dental Education at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, and maintains a private practice in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e Meetu Kohli,\u003c\/b\u003e DMD, is Clinical Associate Professor of Endodontics and Director of the Continuing Education and International Program in the Department of Endodontics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, and maintains two private practices limited to endodontics in Oaks and Gilbertsville, Pennsylvania, USA.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e Frank Setzer,\u003c\/b\u003e DMD, PhD, MS, is an Assistant Professor, Clinical Director, and Pre-Doctoral Program Director in the Department of Endodontics at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, and maintains a private practice in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.      \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e The definitive reference to endodontic microsurgery, with instructive photographs and illustrations \u003c\/b\u003e  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e Written by experts in the field, \u003ci\u003eMicrosurgery in Endodontics\u003c\/i\u003e is an essential resource on endodontic microsurgery, including the most recent advances in microsurgical techniques. Comprehensive in scope, the book's coverage includes microsurgical instruments, case selection, soft tissue management, beveling, root end filling, perforation repair, root amputation, bone grafting, palatal surgery, sinus management, mental nerve management, outcome assessment, post-operative management, and more. Designed to be accessible and practical, the text is accompanied by a wealth of instructive photographs and illustrations that guide readers through each step of the procedures presented.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e This important text demonstrates how to use the surgical microscope in order to see details that cannot otherwise be detected, leading to more successful outcomes. This reference is filled with the needed information, newest techniques, and clinical approaches. \u003ci\u003eMicrosurgery in Endodontics: \u003c\/i\u003e  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eProvides a definitive reference work on endodontic microsurgery\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes contributions from pioneers and innovators in the field of microsurgical endodontics\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDescribes techniques for a wide range of microsurgical procedures\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes more than 600 instructive illustrations and photographs\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003e Microsurgery in Endodontics\u003c\/i\u003e offers a key resource that highlights the most current developments in microsurgical techniques and instrumentation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989624406245,"sku":"NP9781118452998","price":187.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781118452998.jpg?v=1761784854","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/microsurgery-in-endodontics-isbn-9781118452998","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}