{"product_id":"metaphysics-and-epistemology-isbn-9781118542583","title":"Metaphysics and Epistemology","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMetaphysics and Epistemology: A Guided Anthology\u003c\/i\u003e presents a comprehensive introductory overview of key themes, thinkers, and texts in metaphysics and epistemology.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003ePresents a wide-ranging collection of carefully excerpted readings on metaphysics and epistemology\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eBlends classic and contemporary works to reveal the historical development and present directions in the fields of metaphysics and epistemology\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eProvides succinct, insightful commentary to introduce the essence of each selection at the beginning of chapters which also serve to inter-link the selected writings\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eSource Acknowledgments x\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface and Acknowledgments xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart I The Philosophical Image 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Life and the Search for Philosophical Knowledge 3\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003ePlato, Republic\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e 2 Philosophical Questioning 14\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eBertrand Russell, The Problems of Philosophy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Philosophy and Fundamental Images 20\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eWilfrid Sellars, “Philosophy and the Scientific Image of Man”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Philosophy as the Analyzing of Key Concepts 27\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eP.F. Strawson, Analysis and Metaphysics\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Philosophy as Explaining Underlying Possibilities 33\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRobert Nozick, Philosophical Explanations\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart II Metaphysics: Philosophical Images of Being 41\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow Is the World at all Physical? 43\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 How Real Are Physical Objects? 43\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eBertrand Russell, The Problems of Philosophy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Are Physical Objects Never Quite as They Appear To Be? 48\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eJohn Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 Are Physical Objects Really Only Objects of Thought? 54\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eGeorge Berkeley, The Principles of Human Knowledge\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 Is Even the Mind Physical? 60\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eD.M. Armstrong, “The Causal Theory of the Mind”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 Is the Physical World All There Is? 66\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eFrank Jackson, “Epiphenomenal Qualia”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow Does the World Function? 74\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 Is Causation Only a Kind of Regularity? 74\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eDavid Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 Is Causation Something Singular and Unanalyzable? 81\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eG.E.M. Anscombe, “Causation and Determination”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow Do Things Ever Have Qualities? 88\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 How Can Individual Things Have Repeatable Qualities? 88\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003ePlato, Parmenides\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 How Can Individual Things Not Have Repeatable Qualities? 95\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eD.M. Armstrong, Nominalism and Realism\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow Are There Any Truths? 102\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 Do Facts Make True Whatever Is True? 102\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eBertrand Russell, “The Philosophy of Logical Atomism”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 Are There Social Facts? 107\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eJohn Searle, Mind, Language and Society\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17 Is There Only Personally Decided Truth? 114\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003ePlato, Theaetetus\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow Is There a World At All? 120\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 Has the World Been Designed by God? 120\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eDavid Hume, Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 Is God’s Existence Knowable Purely Conceptually? 131\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eSt. Anselm, Proslogion\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20 Has This World Been Actualized by God from Among All Possible Worlds? 145\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eG.W. Leibniz, Monadology\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21 Does This World Exist Because It Has Value Independently of God? 149\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eNicholas Rescher, Nature and Understanding\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22 Can Something Have Value in Itself? 158\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003ePlato, Euthyphro\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow Are Persons Persons? 161\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23 Is Each Person a Union of Mind and Body? 161\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRené Descartes, “Meditation VI”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24 Is Self-Consciousness what Constitutes a Person? 164\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eJohn Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25 How Strictly Does Self-Consciousness Constitute a Person? 170\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRoderick M. Chisholm, “Identity through Time”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26 Are Persons Constituted with Strict Identity At All? 177\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eDerek Parfit, Reasons and Persons\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27 Are We Animals? 187\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eEric T. Olson, “An Argument for Animalism”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow Do People Ever Have Free Will and Moral Responsibility? 196\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28 Is There No Possibility of Acting Differently To How One Will in Fact Act? 196\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAristotle, De Interpretatione\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29 Could Our Being Entirely Caused Coexist with Our Acting Freely? 200\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eDavid Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30 Would Being Entirely Caused Undermine Our Personally Constitutive Emotions? 206\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eP.F. Strawson, “Freedom and Resentment”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31 Is a Person Morally Responsible Only for Actions Performed Freely? 213\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eHarry G. Frankfurt, “Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32 Is Moral Responsibility for a Good Action Different to Moral Responsibility for a Bad Action? 218\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eSusan Wolf, “Asymmetrical Freedom”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHow Could a Person Be Harmed by Being Dead? 224\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e33 Is It Impossible To Be Harmed by Being Dead? 224\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eEpicurus, “Letter to Menoeceus”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34 Is It Impossible To Be Harmed by Being Dead at a Particular Time? 226\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eLucretius, De Rerum Natura\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e35 Would Immortality Be Humanly Possible and Desirable? 229\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eBernard Williams, “The Makropulos Case: Reflections on the Tedium of Immortality”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e36 Can a Person be Deprived of Benefits by Being Dead? 236\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eFred Feldman, Confrontations with the Reaper\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Readings for Part II 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart III Epistemology: Philosophical Images of Knowing 245\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCan We Understand What It Is to Know? 247\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e37 Is Knowledge a Supported True Belief? 247\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003ePlato, Meno\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e38 When Should a Belief be Supported by Evidence? 251\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eW.K. Clifford, “The Ethics of Belief”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e39 Is Knowledge a Kind of Objective Certainty? 256\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eA.J. Ayer, The Problem of Knowledge\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e40 Are All Fallibly Supported True Beliefs Instances of Knowledge? 260\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eEdmund L. Gettier, “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e41 Must a True Belief Arise Aptly, if it is to be Knowledge? 264\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAlvin I. Goldman, “A Causal Theory of Knowing”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e42 Must a True Belief Arise Reliably, if it is to be Knowledge? 268\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eAlvin I. Goldman, “Discrimination and Perceptual Knowledge”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e43 Where is the Value in Knowing? 273\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eCatherine Z. Elgin, “The Epistemic Efficacy of Stupidity”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e44 Is Knowledge Always a Virtuously Derived True Belief? 279\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eLinda Trinkaus Zagzebski, Virtues of the Mind\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCan We Ever Know Just through Observation? 287\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e45 Is All Knowledge Ultimately Observational? 287\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eDavid Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e46 Is There a Problem of Not Knowing that One Is Not Dreaming? 292\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRené Descartes, “Meditation I”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e47 What Is It Really to be Seeing Something? 295\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eDavid Lewis, “Veridical Hallucination and Prosthetic Vision”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e48 Is There a Possibility of Being a Mere and Unknowing Brain in a Vat? 302\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eHilary Putnam, Reason, Truth and History\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e49 Is It Possible to Observe Directly the Objective World? 311\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eJohn McDowell, “The Disjunctive Conception of Experience as Material for a Transcendental Argument”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCan We Ever Know Innately? 317\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e50 Is It Possible to Know Innately Some Geometrical or Mathematical Truths? 317\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003ePlato, Meno\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e51 Is There No Innate Knowledge At All? 325\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eJohn Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCan We Ever Know Just through Reflection? 335\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e52 Is All Knowledge Ultimately Reflective? 335\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRené Descartes, Discourse on Method\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e53 Can Reflective Knowledge Be Substantive and Informative? 340\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eImmanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e54 Is All Apparently Reflective Knowledge Ultimately Observational? 349\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eJohn Stuart Mill, A System of Logic\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e55 Is Scientific Reflection Our Best Model for Understanding Reflection? 355\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eC.S. Peirce, “Some Consequences of Four Incapacities” and “How To Make Our Ideas Clear”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e56 Are Some Necessities Known through Observation, Not Reflection? 363\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eSaul A. Kripke, Naming and Necessity\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCan We Know in Other Fundamental Ways? 369\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e57 Is Knowing-How a Distinct Way of Knowing? 369\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eGilbert Ryle, “Knowing How and Knowing That”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e58 Is Knowing One’s Intention-in-Action a Distinct Way of Knowing? 376\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eG.E.M. Anscombe, Intention\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e59 Is Knowing via What Others Say or Write a Distinct Way of Knowing? 383\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eJennifer Lackey, “Knowing from Testimony”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e60 Is Knowing through Memory a Distinct Way of Knowing? 391\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eBertrand Russell, The Analysis of Mind\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCan We Fundamentally Fail Ever To Know? 399\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e61 Are None of our Beliefs More Justifiable than Others? 399\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eSextus Empiricus, Outlines of Pyrrhonism\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e62 Are None of Our Beliefs Immune from Doubt? 407\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRené Descartes, “Meditation I”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e63 Are We Unable Ever To Extrapolate Justifiedly Beyond Our Observations? 410\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eDavid Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCan Skeptical Arguments Be Escaped? 417\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e64 Can We Know at Least Our Conscious Mental Lives? 417\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRené Descartes, “Meditation II”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e65 Can We Know Some Fundamental Principles by Common Sense? 422\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eThomas Reid, Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e66 Do We Know a Lot, but Always Fallibly? 434\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eKarl R. Popper, “On the Sources of Knowledge and of Ignorance”\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e67 Is It Possible to have Knowledge even when Not Knowing that One Is Not a Brain in a Vat? \u003ci\u003e444\u003cbr\u003e Robert Nozick, Philosophical Explanations\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther Readings for Part III 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStephen Hetherington\u003c\/b\u003e is Professor of Philosophy at the University of New South Wales, Australia. His publications include \u003ci\u003eGood Knowledge, Bad Knowledge\u003c\/i\u003e (2001), \u003ci\u003eReality? Knowledge? Philosophy! \u003c\/i\u003e(2003), \u003ci\u003eSelf-Knowledge\u003c\/i\u003e (2007), \u003ci\u003eYes, But How Do You Know?\u003c\/i\u003e (2009), and \u003ci\u003eHow To Know\u003c\/i\u003e (2011).\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMetaphysics and Epistemology: A Guided Anthology\u003c\/i\u003e presents a comprehensive introductory overview of key themes, thinkers, and issues relating to metaphysics and epistemology. Balancing classic with contemporary readings from centuries of philosophical reflection on reality and knowledge, carefully edited selections focus on essential elements of each concept and argument. Themes explored include philosophical ideas on the basic nature of the world and of ourselves, on the underlying nature of knowledge, and on fundamental ways we may—or may not—gain knowledge. Phenomena discussed include the physical world, causation, minds, properties, truth, persons, God, free will, fate, evidence, belief, observation, innateness, reason, doubt, fallibility, and more. Provocative and influential ideas from the annals of philosophy are brought sharply into focus through succinct excerpts by great thinkers ranging from Plato and Aristotle to Descartes, Kant, and Russell. Accessible and authoritative, \u003ci\u003eMetaphysics and Epistemology: A Guided Anthology\u003c\/i\u003e offers illuminating insights into the origins, development, and core ideas relating to the universal philosophical pursuit of the nature of knowledge and of reality.\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e“This is an excellent anthology. It combines a wide range of readings on the central and lasting questions of metaphysics and epistemology. The selections are imaginative and in many cases unusual, and Stephen Hetherington introduces each reading with a lucid and lively introduction. Highly recommended!”\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e—Tim Crane, University of Cambridge\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"This comprehensive and creatively chosen anthology provides an excellent coverage of epistemological and metaphysical topics, from both historical and contemporary perspectives. It is highly recommended.\"\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e—Duncan Pritchard, University of Edinburgh\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989613723877,"sku":"NP9781118542583","price":47.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781118542583.jpg?v=1761784812","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/metaphysics-and-epistemology-isbn-9781118542583","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}