{"product_id":"laser-induced-breakdown-spectroscopy-libs-isbn-9781119758402","title":"Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)","description":"\u003cb\u003eLaser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEssential resource covering the field of LIBS, with respect to its fundamentals, established and novel applications, and future prospects\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eLaser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS),\u003c\/i\u003e presents in two comprehensive volumes a thorough discussion of the basic principles of the method, including important recently available data which can lead to a better characterization of the LIBS plasma. This extensive work contains detailed discussions on the lasers, spectrometers, and detectors that can be used for LIBS apparatuses and describes various instrumentation, ranging from basic setups to more advanced configurations.  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs a modern resource, the work includes the newest advances and capabilities of LIBS instruments, featuring the recent developments of Dual-Pulse LIBS, Femtosecond LIBS, and Micro-LIBS as well as their applications. Throughout, the contributions discuss the analytical capabilities of the method in terms of detection limits, accuracy, and precision of measurements for a variety of samples. Lastly, an extensive range of applications is presented, including food technology, environmental science, nuclear reactors, nanoscience and nanotechnology, and biological and biomedical developments. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSample topics covered within the work include: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eiagnostics of laser induced plasma (LIP): LIBS plasma and its characteristics, factors affecting the LIBS plasma, methods of enhancing LIBS sensitivity, and LTE\/non-LTE plasmas\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInstrumental developments in LIBS: light collection system and spectral detection systems, handheld LIBS, deep sea LIBS, and industrial sorters and analyzers\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFemtosecond laser ablation: laser-matter interaction, laser absorption, energy transport, ablation mechanisms and threshold, and plasma characterization\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMicro-analysis and LIBS imaging: microjoule laser sources, scaling libs to microjoule energies, micrometer scaling, advanced applications, and future prospects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpectroscopic and analytical scientists working with LIBS will find this wide-ranging reference immensely helpful in developing LIBS instrumentation and applications. Researchers and students in natural sciences and related programs of study will be able to use the work to acquire foundational knowledge on the method and learn about cutting-edge advancements being made in the field.Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) präsentiert in zwei umfassenden Bänden eine detaillierte Erörterung der Grundlagen der laserinduzierten Plasmaspektroskopie und enthält wichtige neue Daten, die eine bessere Charakterisierung des LIBS-Plasmas ermöglichen. In dem ausführlichen Werk werden die für LIBS-Geräte benötigten Laser, Spektrometer und Detektoren genauer betrachtet, ebenso wie verschiedene Instrumente, mit denen in einfachen Installationen, aber auch in komplexen Konfigurationen gearbeitet werden kann.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e Das aktuelle Referenzwerk stellt zudem die neuesten Fortschritte und Funktionen bei LIBS-Instrumenten dar, darunter die neusten Entwicklungen von Dual-Pulse-LIBS, Femtosecond-LIBS und Mikro-LIBS sowie deren Anwendungsbereiche. Die Beiträge befassen sich durchgängig mit den analytischen Funktionen des Verfahrens in Bezug auf Nachweisgrenzen, Genauigkeit und Präzision der Messungen an verschiedenen Proben. Zum Abschluss wird eine große Zahl an Anwendungsbereichen vorgestellt, darunter Lebensmitteltechnologie, Umweltwissenschaft, Kernreaktoren, Nanowissenschaft und Nanotechnologie sowie biologische und biomedizinische Entwicklungen.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e Für Wissenschaftler, die sich im Rahmen von spektroskopischen und analytischen Verfahren mit LIBS befassen, bietet dieses umfassende Referenzwerk äußerst hilfreiche Hinweise für die Entwicklung von Instrumenten und Anwendungen für LIBS. Forscher und Studenten der Naturwissenschaften und verwandter Fachbereiche können sich mithilfe dieses Werks grundlegende Kenntnisse über das Verfahren aneignen und sich über die neusten Fortschritte auf diesem Gebiet informieren. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVolume 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart I Fundamental Aspects of LIBS and Laser-Induced Plasma 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Nanosecond and Femtosecond Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Fundamentals and Applications 3\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eK. M. Muhammed Shameem, Swetapuspa Soumyashree, P. Madhusudhan, Vinitha Nimma, Rituparna Das, Pranav Bhardwaj, Prashant Kumar and Rajesh K. Kushawaha\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 LIBS: ns-LIBS and fs-LIBS 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Plasma-Plume Dynamics 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Filamentation 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Signal-Enhancing Strategies in LIBS 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Applications 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Summary 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Elementary Processes and Emission Spectra in Laser-Induced Plasma 33\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eV. Gardette, Z. Salajkova, M. Dell’Aglio and A. De Giacomo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Laser-Ablation Mechanism 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Plasma Characteristics and Elementary Processes 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Plasma in Thermodynamic Equilibrium 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Plasma Emission Features 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Conclusion 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Diagnostics of Laser-Induced Plasma 45\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCharles Ghany, Kyung-Min Lee, Herve K. Sanghapi and Vivek K. Singh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 LIBS Plasmas and Its Characteristics 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Factors Affecting the LIBS Plasma 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Methods of Enhancing LIBS Sensitivity 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 LTE Plasmas and Non-LTE Plasmas 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Laser–Plasma Expansion in Gas and Liquids: Modeling and Validation 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Chemistry in Laser Plasmas (Biological, Medical, and Isotopic Applications) 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Conclusion 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Double and Multiple Pulse LIBS Techniques 65\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFrancesco Poggialini, Asia Botto, Beatrice Campanella, Simona Raneri, Vincenzo Palleschi and Stefano Legnaioli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Double-Pulse LIBS: Geometries and Configurations 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Signal Enhancement in DP-LIBS: Principles and Theory 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Applications of DP-LIBS 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Conclusions 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 89\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJörg Hermann\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Validity Conditions of the Physical Model 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Methods of Calibration-Free Measurements 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Critical Review of Analytical Performance 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Conclusion 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart II Molecular LIBS and Instrumentation Developments 123\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Molecular Species Formation in Laser-Produced Plasma 125\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eK. M. Muhammed Shameem, Swetapuspa Soumyashree, P. Madhusudhan, Vinitha Nimma, Rituparna Das, Pranav Bhardwaj and Rajesh K. Kushawaha\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Atmospheric Contribution in LIBS Spectra 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 CN and C\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Molecular Formation in LIP 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Summary 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Recent Developments in Standoff Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 137\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLinga Murthy Narlagiri and Venugopal Rao Soma\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Laser Systems Used 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Instrumentation in Standoff LIBS 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Gated and Non-Gated CCDs\/Spectrometers 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Experimental Setup 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Reviews on Standoff LIBS 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Studies in Standoff LIBS 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Variants in Standoff LIBS 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Machine-Learning for Data Analysis in Standoff Mode 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Advancements in Standoff LIBS Methods 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 Ongoing Study at ACRHEM, University of Hyderabad 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Conclusions and Outlook 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Nanoparticle-Enhanced Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 165\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eZita Salajková, Marcella Dell’Aglio, Vincent Gardette and Alessandro De Giacomo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Fundamentals 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Applications 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Conclusion 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Nanoparticle-Enhanced Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Sensing Applications 183\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLinga Murthy Narlagiri and Venugopal Rao Soma\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Previous Reviews 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Experimental Setup 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Enhancement Via Different Conditions 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Perspectives on the Mechanism(s) of Enhancement 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Variations in NE-LIBS 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Beyond NE-LIBS 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Further Application of Nanoparticles in LIBS 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Ongoing Study in the Lab 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 Conclusions 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart III Data Analysis and Chemometrics in LIBS 211\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Full-Spectrum Multivariate Analysis of LIBS Data 213\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCatherine E. McManus and Nancy J. McMillan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Full-Spectrum Multivariate Analysis 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Analysis of Geologic Samples 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Identification of Pharmaceuticals 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Conclusions 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Chemometrics for Data Analysis 229\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eManoj Kumar Gundawar and Rajendhar Junjuri\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Data 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Machine Learning 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Classification of the Data 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Conclusion 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Chemometric Processing of LIBS Data 241\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJ. El Haddad, A. Harhira, E. Képeš, J. Vrábel, J. Kaiser and P. Poøízka\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Exploratory Analysis Methods for Visualization 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Quantitative Analysis Methods 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Classification 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Data Preprocessing 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Validation and Generalization 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Conclusions 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 How Chemometrics Allowed the Development of LIBS in the Quantification and Detection of Isotopes: A Case Study of Uranium 277\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCarlos A. Rinaldi, Norberto Boggio and Juan Vorobioff\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 The LIBS Method 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Detection and Quantification 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Chemometrics Solution 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Conclusions 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Application of Multivariate Analysis to the Problem of the Provenance of Gem Stones (Ruby, Sapphire, Emerald, Diamond) 287\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNancy J. McMillan and Catherine E. McManus\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Gem Mineral Genesis 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Gem Provenance Studies 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Conclusions 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Machine Learning in the Context of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 305\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eE. Képeš, J. Vrábel, J. El Haddad, A. Harhira, P. Poøízka and J. Kaiser\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Fundamental Concepts of Machine Learning 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Decision Trees and Related Ensemble Methods 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Support Vector Machines 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Artificial Neural Networks 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Unsupervised Learning 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Self-Organizing Maps 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Concluding Remarks 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Analysis of LIBS Data from Coal and Biomass Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques 331\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCarlos E. Romero and Robert De Saro\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 LIBS Coal and Biomass Laboratory Experimental Results 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Application of Artificial Intelligence Techniques to LIBS Spectral Data 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Conclusions 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart IV Special Topics and Comparison with Other Methods 353\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Lasing in Optically Pumped Laser-Induced Plasma 355\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLev Nagli, Michael Gaft and Yosef Raichlin\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Experimental Setups and Samples 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Lasing Effects in a LIP Plume; 13 th Group Elements 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Polarization of the LIPLs: the UV–VIS Generation 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 External Magnetic Field Effects 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Fourteenth GROUP Elements LIPL (Ground-State Configuration 4s\u003ci\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003enp\u003csup\u003e23\u003c\/sup\u003eP\u003csub\u003e0\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e , n = 4,5,6) 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 LIPLs Tunability 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 Conclusions 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 LIBS Analysis of Optical Surfaces and Thin Films 387\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eChristoph Gerhard and Jörg Hermann\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Sensitivity-Improved Calibration-Free LIBS 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Analysis of Optical Materials and Surfaces 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Elemental Analysis of Thin Films 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Conclusion 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 LIBS Detection of Rare-Earth Elements and Comparison with Other Techniques 415\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYashashchandra Dwivedi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Importance of Rare Earth 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Technological Challenges 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Detection of RE Using LIBS 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Detection of RE Using Other Techniques 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Marine Biofouling Analysis by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 431\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDella Thomas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Biofouling Sample Preparation 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Experimental LIBS Setup 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Analysis and Discussion 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Biomineralization and Elemental Mapping Studies 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 LIBS Spectra for Biofouling Sample 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 LIBS Spatial Elemental Mapping 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8 Conclusion 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Hyphenated LIBS Techniques 447\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eU. K. Adarsh, V. S. Dhanada, Santhosh Chidangil and V. K. Unnikrishnan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Why Hyphenate Spectroscopic Methods? 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.1 Significance 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.2 Developmental Strategies 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.3 Hyphenated LIBS Systems 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Conclusion and Future Directions 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Comparison of LIBS with Other Analytical Techniques 461\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMuhammad Aslam Baig, Rizwan Ahmed and Zeshan Adeel Umar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Quantitative Analysis by LIBS 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Laser-Ablation Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Conclusion 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Combining Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy: Instrumentation and Applications 487\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eVasily N. Lednev\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Instrumentation 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Applications 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Conclusions 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVolume 2\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart V Novel Applications of LIBS 531\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Application of LIBS to the Analysis of Metals 533\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFrancesco Poggialini, Asia Botto, Beatrice Campanella, Vincenzo Palleschi, Simona Raneri and Stefano Legnaioli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 LIBS Analysis of Metals Under Extreme Conditions 551\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMohamed Abdel-Harith and Raghda Hosny El-Saeid\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 LIBS Applications to Liquids and Solids in Liquids 559\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eChet R. Bhatt, Daniel Hartzler, Jinesh Jain and Dustin L. McIntyre\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e27 Coal Analysis by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 581\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eShunchun Yao\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28 Application of LIBS to Terrestrial Geological Research 593\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGiorgio S. Senesi and Russell S. Harmon\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e29 Plastic Waste Identification Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 615\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRajendhar Junjuri and Manoj Kumar Gundawar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30 Cultural Heritage Applications of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 623\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDuixiong Sun and Yaopeng Ying\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e31 Nuclear Applications of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 643\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGábor Galbács and Éva Kovács-Széles\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e32 Applications of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Trace Detection in Explosives 667\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eQianqian Wang and Geer Teng\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e33 Geochemical Fingerprinting Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 683\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePengju Xing and Zhenli Zhu\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e34 Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Chemical and Biological Hazards 701\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLianbo Guo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e35 Development of a Simple, Low-Cost, and On-Site Deployable LIBS Instrument for the Quantitative Analysis of Edible Salts 715\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSandeep Kumar, Hyang Kim, Jeong Park, Kyung-Sik Ham, Song-Hee Han, Sang-Ho Nam and Yonghoon Lee\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e36 Bioimaging in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 729\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePavlina Modlitbová, Pavel Poøízka and Jozef Kaiser\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e37 Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for the Identification of Bacterial Pathogens 745\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSomenath Ghatak, Gaurav Sharma, Prashant Kumar Rai, Suman Yadav and Geeta Watal\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e38 Phase-Selective Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Metal-Oxide Nanoaerosols 755\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGang Xiong and Stephen D. Tse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e39 Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Cultivated Soil 767\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eR. K. Aldakheel, M. A. Gondal and M. A. Almessiere\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e40 Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Food Sciences 781\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJ. Naozuka and A. P. Oliveira\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e41 Capabilities and Limitations of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Analyzing Food Products 807\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eR. K. Aldakheel, M. A. Gondal and M. A. Almessiere\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e42 Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Its Application Perspectives in Industry and Recycling 823\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eReinhard Noll\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e43 Development of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Application to Space Exploration 851\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eZhenzhen Wang and Han Luo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e44 Femtosecond Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Complex Materials 863\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMathi Pandiyathuray\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e45 Application of LIBS for the Failure Characteristics Prediction of Heat-Resistant Steel 883\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMeirong Dong, Junbin Cai, Shunchun Yao and Jidong Lu\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e46 Scope for Future Development in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 939\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYoshihiro Deguchi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 947\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVivek Kumar Singh \u003c\/b\u003eis an Associate Professor in Department of Physics of Lucknow University, India. He has worked extensively on applications of XRF, LIBS, TOF-SIMS, and FTIR Spectroscopy for the study of numerous kinds of biological specimens such as gallstones, kidney stones, teeth, bones, plants, salts and others. Dr Singh is the recipient of the prestigious award of Raman Fellowship by UGC, Government of India. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDurgesh Kumar Tripathi, D.Phil., \u003c\/b\u003eis Assistant Professor at Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India. He has been the recipient of the prestigious UGC-DS-Kothari Post-Doctoral Fellowship from Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, BHU, India, and the Tony B. Academic Award, 2017, Washington DC, USA  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eYoshihiro Deguchi\u003c\/b\u003e began his career in laser diagnostics with BE, ME, and DE degrees from Toyohashi University of Technology in 1985, 1987, and 1990. He moved to Tokushima University as a full professor in 2010. Professor Deguchi has published research papers on the industrial applications of laser diagnostics and is one of the leading engineers to put laser diagnostics into practical use, especially in large scale plants.  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eZhenzhen Wang \u003c\/b\u003eis an Associate Professor at Xi’an Jiaotong University, in the Department of Thermal Power and Control Engineering in the School of Energy and Power Engineering. Her research interests are the laser diagnostics, measurement, and optimal control of thermal power plants, especially the developed applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), laser breakdown time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LB-TOFMS), and tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS).   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEssential resource covering the field of LIBS, with respect to its fundamentals, established and novel applications, and future prospects\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eLaser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS),\u003c\/i\u003e presents in two comprehensive volumes a thorough discussion of the basic principles of the method, including important recently available data which can lead to a better characterization of the LIBS plasma. This extensive work contains detailed discussions on the lasers, spectrometers, and detectors that can be used for LIBS apparatuses and describes various instrumentation, ranging from basic setups to more advanced configurations.  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs a modern resource, the work includes the newest advances and capabilities of LIBS instruments, featuring the recent developments of Dual-Pulse LIBS, Femtosecond LIBS, and Micro-LIBS as well as their applications. Throughout, the contributions discuss the analytical capabilities of the method in terms of detection limits, accuracy, and precision of measurements for a variety of samples. Lastly, an extensive range of applications is presented, including food technology, environmental science, nuclear reactors, nanoscience and nanotechnology, and biological and biomedical developments. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSample topics covered within the work include: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiagnostics of laser induced plasma (LIP): LIBS plasma and its characteristics, factors affecting the LIBS plasma, methods of enhancing LIBS sensitivity, and LTE\/non-LTE plasmas\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInstrumental developments in LIBS: light collection system and spectral detection systems, handheld LIBS, deep sea LIBS, and industrial sorters and analyzers\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFemtosecond laser ablation: laser-matter interaction, laser absorption, energy transport, ablation mechanisms and threshold, and plasma characterization\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMicro-analysis and LIBS imaging: microjoule laser sources, scaling libs to microjoule energies, micrometer scaling, advanced applications, and future prospects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpectroscopic and analytical scientists working with LIBS will find this wide-ranging reference immensely helpful in developing LIBS instrumentation and applications. Researchers and students in natural sciences and related programs of study will be able to use the work to acquire foundational knowledge on the method and learn about cutting-edge advancements being made in the field.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989510701285,"sku":"NP9781119758402","price":395.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781119758402.jpg?v=1761784398","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/laser-induced-breakdown-spectroscopy-libs-isbn-9781119758402","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}