{"product_id":"handbook-of-photovoltaic-science-and-engineering-isbn-9780470721698","title":"Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe most comprehensive, authoritative and widely cited reference on photovoltaic solar energy\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFully revised and updated, the \u003ci\u003eHandbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Second Edition\u003c\/i\u003e incorporates the substantial technological advances and research developments in photovoltaics since its previous release. All topics relating to the photovoltaic (PV) industry are discussed with contributions by distinguished international experts in the field.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSignificant new coverage includes:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003ethree completely new chapters and six chapters with new authors\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003edevice structures, processing, and manufacturing options for the three major thin film PV technologies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ehigh performance approaches for multijunction, concentrator, and space applications\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003enew types of organic polymer and dye-sensitized solar cells\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eeconomic analysis of various policy options to stimulate PV growth including effect of public and private investment\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetailed treatment covers:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003escientific basis of the photovoltaic effect and solar cell operation\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ethe production of solar silicon and of silicon-based solar cells and modules\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ehow choice of semiconductor materials and their production influence costs and performance\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003emaking measurements on solar cells and modules and how to relate results under standardised test conditions to real outdoor performance\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ephotovoltaic system installation and operation of components such as inverters and batteries.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003earchitectural applications of building-integrated PV\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eEach chapter is structured to be partially accessible to beginners while providing detailed information of the physics and technology for experts. Encompassing a review of past work and the fundamentals in solar electric science, this is a leading reference and invaluable resource for all practitioners, consultants, researchers and students in the PV industry.\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cb\u003eAbout the Editors.\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eList of Contributors.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePreface to the 2nd Edition.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Achievements and Challenges of Solar Electricity from Photovoltaics\u003c\/b\u003e  (\u003ci\u003eSteven Hegedus and Antonio Luque\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 The Big Picture.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 What is Photovoltaics?\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Photovoltaics Today.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 The Great Challenge.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Trends in Technology.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 The Role of Policy in PV Industry Growth: Past, Present and Future\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eJohn Byrne and Lado Kurdgelashvili\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Policy Review of Selected Countries.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Policy Impact on PV Market Development.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Future PV Market Growth Scenarios.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Toward a Sustainable Future.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 The Physics of the Solar Cell\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eJeffery L. Gray\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Fundamental Properties of Semiconductors.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Solar Cell Fundamentals.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Additional Topics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Summary.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Theoretical Limits of Photovoltaic Conversion and New-generation Solar Cells\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eAntonio Luque and Antonio Martı\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Thermodynamic Background.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Photovoltaic Converters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 The Technical Efficiency Limit for Solar Converters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Very-high-efficiency Concepts.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Solar Grade Silicon Feedstock\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eBruno Ceccaroli and Otto Lohne\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Silicon.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Production of Silicon Metal\/Metallurgical Grade Silicon.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Production of Polysilicon\/Silicon of Electronic and Photovoltaic Grade.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Current Silicon Feedstock to Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Requirements of Silicon for Crystalline Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Routes to Solar Grade Silicon.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Bulk Crystal Growth and Wafering for PV\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eHugo Rodriguez, Ismael Guerrero, Wolfgang Koch, Arthur L. Endros, Dieter Franke, Christian Haßler, Juris P. Kalejs and H. J. Moller\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Bulk Monocrystalline Material.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Bulk Multicrystalline Silicon.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Wafering.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Silicon Ribbon and Foil Production.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Numerical Simulations of Crystal Growth Techniques.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells and Modules\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eIgnacio Tobıas, Carlos del Ca˜nizo and Jesus Alonso\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Crystalline Silicon as a Photovoltaic Material.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Manufacturing Process.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Variations to the Basic Process.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Other Industrial Approaches.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Modules.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Electrical and Optical Performance of Modules.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Field Performance of Modules.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 High-efficiency III–V Multijunction Solar Cells\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eD. J. Friedman, J. M. Olson and Sarah Kurtz\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Physics of III–V Multijunction and Single-junction Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Cell Configuration.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Computation of Series-connected Device Performance.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Materials Issues Related to GaInP\/GaAs\/Ge Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Epilayer Characterization and Other Diagnostic Techniques.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Reliability and Degradation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 Future-generation Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10 Summary.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Space Solar Cells and Arrays\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eSheila Bailey and Ryne Raffaelle\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 The History of Space Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 The Challenge for Space Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Silicon Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 III–V Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Space Solar Arrays.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Future Cell and Array Possibilities.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Power System Figures of Merit.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Summary.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Photovoltaic Concentrators\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eGabriel Sala and Ignacio Anton\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 What is the Aim of Photovoltaic Concentration and What Does it Do?\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Objectives, Limitations and Opportunities.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Typical Concentrators: an Attempt at Classification.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Concentration Optics: Thermodynamic Limits.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Factors of Merit for Concentrators in Relation to the Optics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Photovoltaic Concentration Modules and Assemblies.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Tracking for Concentrator Systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Measurements of Cells, Modules and Photovoltaic Systems in Concentration.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Summary.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Crystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells via High-temperature and Intermediate-temperature Approaches\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eArmin G. Aberle and Per I. Widenborg\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Modelling.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Crystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells on Intermediate-\u003ci\u003eT\u003c\/i\u003e Foreign Supporting Materials.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Amorphous Silicon-based Solar Cells\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eEric A. Schiff, Steven Hegedus and Xunming Deng\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Overview.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Atomic and Electronic Structure of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Depositing Amorphous Silicon.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Understanding a-Si pin Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Multijunction Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Module Manufacturing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Conclusions and Future Projections.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Cu(InGa)Se\u003c\/b\u003e2 \u003cb\u003eSolar Cells\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eWilliam N. Shafarman, Susanne Siebentritt and Lars Stolt\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Material Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Deposition Methods.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Junction and Device Formation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Device Operation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Manufacturing Issues.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 The Cu(InGa)Se2 Outlook.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eBrian E. McCandless and James R. Sites\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Historical Development.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 CdTe Properties.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 CdTe Film Deposition.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 CdTe Thin Film Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 CdTe Modules.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Future of CdTe-based Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Dye-sensitized Solar Cells\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eKohjiro Hara and Shogo Mori\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Operating Mechanism of DSSC.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Materials.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Performance of Highly Efficient DSSCs.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Electron-transfer Processes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 New Materials.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Stability.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Approach to Commercialization.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Summary and Prospects.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Sunlight Energy Conversion Via Organics\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eSam-Shajing Sun and Hugh O'Neill\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Principles of Organic and Polymeric Photovoltaics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Evolution and Types of Organic and Polymeric Solar Cells.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Organic and Polymeric Solar Cell Fabrication and Characterization.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Natural Photosynthetic Sunlight Energy Conversion Systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Artificial Photosynthetic Systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Artificial Reaction Centers.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Towards Device Architectures.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Summary and Future Perspectives.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Transparent Conducting Oxides for Photovoltaics\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eAlan E. Delahoy and Sheyu Guo\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Survey of Materials.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Deposition Methods.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 TCO Theory and Modeling: Electrical and Optical Properties and their Impact on Module Performance.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Principal Materials and Issues for Thin Film and Wafer-based PV.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Textured Films.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Measurements and Characterization Methods.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 TCO Stability.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.9 Recent Developments and Prospects.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Measurement and Characterization of Solar Cells and Modules\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eKeith Emery\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Rating PV Performance.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Current–Voltage Measurements.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Spectral Responsivity Measurements.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Module Qualification and Certification.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Summary.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 PV Systems\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eCharles M. Whitaker, Timothy U. Townsend, Anat Razon, Raymond M. Hudson and Xavier Vallve\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction: There \u003ci\u003eis\u003c\/i\u003e gold at the end of the rainbow.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 System Types.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Exemplary PV Systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Ratings.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Key System Components.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 System Design Considerations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.7 System Design.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.8 Installation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.9 Operation and Maintenance\/Monitoring.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.10 Removal, Recycling and Remediation.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.11 Examples.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Electrochemical Storage for Photovoltaics\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eDirk Uwe Sauer\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 General Concept of Electrochemical Batteries.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Typical Operation Conditions of Batteries in PV Applications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Secondary Electrochemical Accumulators with Internal Storage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Secondary Electrochemical Battery Systems with External Storage.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Investment and Lifetime Cost Considerations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 Conclusion.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Power Conditioning for Photovoltaic Power Systems\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eHeribert Schmidt, Bruno Burger and Jurgen Schmid\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Charge Controllers and Monitoring Systems for Batteries in PV Power Systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Inverters.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Energy Collected and Delivered by PV Modules\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eEduardo Lorenzo\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Movement between Sun and Earth.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Solar Radiation Components.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Solar Radiation Data and Uncertainty.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Radiation on Inclined Surfaces.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6 Diurnal Variations of the Ambient Temperature.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.7 Effects of the Angle of Incidence and of Dirt.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.8 Some Calculation Tools.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.9 Irradiation on Most Widely Studied Surfaces.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.10 PV Generator Behaviour Under Real Operation Conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.11 Reliability and Sizing of Stand-alone PV Systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.12 The Case of Solar Home Systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.13 Energy Yield of Grid-connected PV Systems.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.14 Conclusions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 PV in Architecture\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eTjerk H. Reijenga and Henk F. Kaan\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 PV in Architecture.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 BIPV Basics.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Steps in the Design Process with PV.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Concluding Remarks.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Photovoltaics and Development\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci\u003eJorge M. Huacuz, Jaime Agredano and Lalith Gunaratne\u003c\/i\u003e).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Electricity and Development.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 Breaking the Chains of Underdevelopment.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 The PV Alternative.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Examples of PV Rural Electrification.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Toward a New Paradigm for Rural Electrification.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIndex.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e   \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProfessor Antonio Luque, Instituto de Energia Solar, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAntonio Luque became a full professor of Electronics at the University of Madrid in 1970 and soon became head of the Semiconductor Laboratory (now the Institute for Solar Energy). Isofoton, the 8th world producer of solar cell, was founded on Antonio's invention of the Bifacial Cell. He has worked with BP Solar and British Petroleum (the EUCLIDES program) on solar concentrators to the point where it is near to commercial viability, and has received many national and international prizes and rewards during the course of his career, including the National Prize for Technological Research and the Jaime I medal. Professor Luque is also the author of numerous publications.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDr Steven Hegedus, Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware, USA\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSteven Hegedus was appointed Fellow in the University of Delaware's Center for Energy and Environmental Policy in 2005. He has worked as a Semiconductor Device Engineer for IBM Corporation in New York, modeling, testing and designing analog and digital integrated circuit devices. At IBM he designed and tested a new stress-independent integrated Hall effect sensor. He later became a research associate at the Institute of Energy Conversion, University of Delaware. Dr Hegedus is a Professional member of the American Solar Energy Society and a Lifetime member of the American Physical Society, as well as a member of the Union of Concerned Scientists.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe most comprehensive, authoritative and widely cited reference on photovoltaic solar energy\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFully revised and updated, the \u003ci\u003eHandbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Second Edition\u003c\/i\u003e incorporates the substantial technological advances and research developments in photovoltaics since its previous release. All topics relating to the photovoltaic (PV) industry are discussed with contributions by distinguished international experts in the field.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSignificant new coverage includes:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003ethree completely new chapters and six chapters with new authors\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003edevice structures, processing, and manufacturing options for the three major thin film PV technologies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ehigh performance approaches for multijunction, concentrator, and space applications\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003enew types of organic polymer and dye-sensitized solar cells\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eeconomic analysis of various policy options to stimulate PV growth including effect of public and private investment\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetailed treatment covers:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003escientific basis of the photovoltaic effect and solar cell operation\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ethe production of solar silicon and of silicon-based solar cells and modules\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ehow choice of semiconductor materials and their production influence costs and performance\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003emaking measurements on solar cells and modules and how to relate results under standardised test conditions to real outdoor performance\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ephotovoltaic system installation and operation of components such as inverters and batteries.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003earchitectural applications of building-integrated PV\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eEach chapter is structured to be partially accessible to beginners while providing detailed information of the physics and technology for experts. Encompassing a review of past work and the fundamentals in solar electric science, this is a leading reference and invaluable resource for all practitioners, consultants, researchers and students in the PV industry.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989338865893,"sku":"NP9780470721698","price":376.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780470721698.jpg?v=1761783728","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/handbook-of-photovoltaic-science-and-engineering-isbn-9780470721698","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}