{"product_id":"from-ideologies-to-public-philosophies-isbn-9781405168359","title":"From Ideologies to Public Philosophies","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eFrom Ideologies to Public Philosophies: An Introduction to Political Theory\u003c\/i\u003e provides a comprehensive and systematic account of the major ideologies of the 19th and 20th centuries—along with contemporary and emerging outlooks—to address the essential questions of political theory.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eExplores the major ideologies of the 19th and 20th centuries while making clear distinctions for the reader between often-confused interpretations of ideologies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEngaging 'reader friendly' style will appeal to students and facilitate sophisticated discussions\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDevelops and defends pluralism as a broad public policy that is accepted by diverse political groups\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSupported by a glossary of terms, suggestions for further reading, and other helpful student and instructor resources at www.blackwellpublishing.com\/schumaker\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Constructing Our Public Philosophies 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic Philosophies and Political Ideologies 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePolitical Theory 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSearching for an Underlying Consensus Within Pluralism 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdeas Beyond the Underlying Consensus of Pluralism 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart I Participants in our Political Conversations 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Voices from the Major Ideologies of the Nineteenth Century 27\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberalism: Building Democratic Capitalism 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatism: Defending the Old Social Order 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchism: Rebelling Against Authority 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxism: Pursuing a Classless Society 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Prominent Totalitarian and Pluralist Voices of the Twentieth Century 46\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunism: Fighting Imperialism in Developing Societies 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascism and Nazism: Totalitarian Control to Strengthen the Collective 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberalism: Reforming Capitalism and Democracy 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatism: Opposing Liberal and Socialist Programs 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Radical and Extreme Voices in Contemporary Politics 74\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Seeking More Egalitarian and Communal Societies 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Seeking More Economic Freedom or Moral Consensus 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Returning to More Homogeneous Societies 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Deconstructing Global Neoliberalism 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart II Philosophical Assumptions: Their Importance as Foundations for Political Principles 101\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Questions of Ontology 107\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Emphasizing the “Great Chain of Being” 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Deism, Naturalism, and Materialism 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Natural Interconnections, Ideas, and Conflicts 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: Economic Determinism 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Revising Dialectical Materialism 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Heroic Will and Racial Struggle 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: Deemphasizing Ontology and Embracing Contingency 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Appreciating the World As It Is 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Refuting Charges of Economic and Divine Determination 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Expecting a Divine Apocalypse 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Tempering Material Forces with Socialist Ideals 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Releasing Human Imagination, Constrained by Ecological Limits 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Questions of Human Nature 133\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Humans as Equal and Rational Pursuers of Happiness 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Defining Humans by their Places in Society 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Seeing Human Altruism as Hindered by Conventional Institutions 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: Conceiving Humans as Creative Laborers 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Creating a “New Man” 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Energizing the Will of “the Herd” 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: Fostering Autonomy, Reason, and Moral Development 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Stressing our Common Humanity and Individual Differences 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Accepting Human Imperfection 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Embedding Humans in Moral Communities and\/or Free Markets 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Regarding Humans as either Good or Evil 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Rejecting an Essential Human Nature 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Questions of Society 155\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Individuals Seeking Mutual Benefits Through a Social Contract 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Organic Societies that Come Before Individuals 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Natural Societies Built on Friendship 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: Transforming Class-Based Societies into Classless Ones 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Non-Proletarian Contributions to a Classless Society 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Defining Society in Nationalist and Racist Terms 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: Promoting Social Pluralism 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Seeing Society as a Delicate Watch 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Holding either Communitarian or Libertarian Visions of Society 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Searching for More Communal and Egalitarian Societies 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Seeking Homogeneous Societies 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Longing for Societies of “Singularities Pursuing the Common” 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Questions of Epistemology 175\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Moving from Natural Rights to Utilitarianism 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Doubting Reason, Stressing Conventional Wisdom 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Depending on a Vision of Human and Social Possibility 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: A Science Showing the Inevitability, not the Goodness, of Communism 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Generating Truths from Authoritative Readings of Marx 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Finding Absolute Truth in the Intuitions of a Political Leader 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: Emphasizing Pragmatism 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Using a Social Science of Political Failure 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Finding Meaning in Tradition and Truth through Science 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Emphasizing Political Rationality 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Finding Truth in Authoritative Texts and Leaders 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Contesting and Deconstructing all Truths 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart III The Great Issues of Politics: Consensual and Contested Principles 203\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Questions of Community 207\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Presupposing the Primacy of Nations 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Patriots Lacking Nationalist Fervor 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Rejecting Conventional Communities While Seeking Natural Ones 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: Identifying with the Working Class and Eventually Humanity 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Fighting Imperialism Through Nationalist Appeals 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Embracing a Unified Nation and an Aryan State 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: Nations Built on Individual and Group Differences 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Seeking Moral, but not Communitarian, Countries 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Competing Global, National, and Sub-National Loyalties 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Pursuing Solidarity Among Diverse People in Many Polities 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Rejecting Multiple Community Identities 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Deconstructing Current Identities 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Questions of Citizenship 232\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Curbing Citizenship, Providing Limited Rights and Obligations 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Stressing Loyalty and Obedience to Authorities 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Comrades Without Political Obligations 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: Transforming Alienated Workers into Public-Spirited Comrades 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Transforming Oppressed People into Obedient Revolutionaries 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Mobilizing Dutiful Citizens for Purposes of State 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: Pursuing Inclusion and Expanding Rights 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Developing More Responsible Citizens 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Privileging Property Rights and Instilling Virtue 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Embracing Multiple and Deep Citizenships 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Restricting Citizenship 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Changing Passive Citizens into Contentious Ones 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Questions of Structure 260\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Designing Free Markets and Representative Democracies 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Emphasizing Civil Society and Cultural Norms 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Rejecting All Conventional Structures 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: Stressing the Oppression of Capitalism 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Emphasizing Party Organizations 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Empowering Totalitarian States 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: Balancing and Integrating Government and Capitalism 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Reining in Strong States 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: More Freedom in The Marketplace and Less Cultural Freedom 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Pursuing Market Socialism and Democratic Cultures 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Seeking Theocracies 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Fighting Globalization and Other Forms of Domination 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Questions of Rulers 289\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Empowering Representatives While Holding Them Accountable 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Finding a Place for Elitism Within Democracy 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Rejecting All Rulers 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: The Need for a Temporary Dictatorship of the Proletariat 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: The Need for a Vanguard of the Proletariat 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Concentrating Power in the Hands of a Single Ruler 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: More Representative and Responsive Democracies 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: More Inclusive and Participatory Democracies 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: More Formal Representative Democracy 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Democracy as Freedom 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Imagining Conspiracies 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Seeing Formidable Obstacles to Radical and Global Democracy 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Questions of Authority 314\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Authorizing Limited Governments that Secure (Property) Rights 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Orchestrating Social Harmony 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Rejecting All Governmental Authority 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: Authority As Oppressive, Then Necessary, and Finally Eliminated 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Justifying Massive Authority as a Means to Abolish the State 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Embracing Totalitarian State Authority 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberalism: From Limited Government to a Strong State 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Limiting the Activity of Governments 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Starving Government While Imposing Social Regulations 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Enhancing the Public Sphere 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Resisting Authority that Disregards Sacred Texts 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Contesting Governmental Authority 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Questions of Justice 343\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Equal Dignity but Unequal Rewards 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Unequal Rights but Commensurate Responsibilities 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Right Conduct in the Absence of Just Institutions 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: Transcending the Circumstances of Justice 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Using Social Control to Build a Society in which All Needs are Met 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: National or Racial Dominance as More Important than Justice 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: Compensating for Undeserved Disadvantages 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Pursuing a More Egalitarian Society 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Criticizing Social Justice, Emphasizing Compassion 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Focusing on Fair Procedures and the Pursuit of the Common Good 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Regarding Moral Goodness as the Basis of Just Outcomes 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Decrying Global Injustice while Striving to Share “the Common” 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Questions of Change 377\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Liberals: Seeking Economic, Intellectual, and Moral Progress 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraditional Conservatives: Slowing the Winds of Change 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarxists: Predicting Revolution From Below 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnarchists: Calling for Rebellion rather than Revolution 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunists: Generating Revolutions While Deviating From Marxist Orthodoxy 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFascists and Nazis: Revolutionary Change Toward Certain Conservative Values 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Liberals: Achieving Fundamental Change Incrementally 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContemporary Conservatives: Pursuing Reforms – of “Failed” Liberal Programs 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Right: Seeking Major Changes, even if they Enhance Inequalities 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Right: Returning to a Past of Greater Moral Certainty 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Radical Left: Evolutionary Change Toward More Democratic Equality 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Extreme Left: Wholesale and Ongoing Change – Without Revolutions 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusions 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 458\u003c\/p\u003e  \"The strengths of this work are many. Schumaker's schematic analysis of political ideas is thorough but never pedantic, and he illustrates his analysis with frequent and compelling examples. The result is a thoughtfully written text which will invite students into an interconnected dialogue about their most basic political beliefs. Students whose first exposure to political ideologies and philosophies comes through Schumaker's book will appreciate better not only their own opinions, but will have a better grasp of the advantages and limitations of a pluralistic system like our own, which allows other people's opinions to flourish as well.\"\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eRussell Arben Fox, Friends University\u003c\/i\u003e \u003cb\u003ePaul Schumaker\u003c\/b\u003e is Professor of Political Science at the University of Kansas, where he has taught courses in political theory and community politics since 1972. Dr. Schumaker has authored several books on political theory, including \u003ci\u003eCritical Pluralism, Democratic Performance, and Community Power\u003c\/i\u003e (1991).  What are the rights and duties of citizens? Who should rule? What is justice? How far should the authority of government extend? These are among the perennial questions of political theory. \u003cp\u003eThis innovative textbook facilitates a comprehensive and systematic understanding of these and other questions by describing the alternative answers provided by the major ideologies of the 19th and 20th centuries, and by a wide variety of contemporary radical and extremist perspectives. The book demonstrates that adherents to these various outlooks can come to greater agreement about these questions than is often recognized.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdeal as text for first courses in both political theory and political ideologies, students of the book gain both a deep appreciation of the diversity of political thought and of the ideas that are central to the governance of pluralist democracies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989248065765,"sku":"NP9781405168359","price":56.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781405168359.jpg?v=1761783369","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/from-ideologies-to-public-philosophies-isbn-9781405168359","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}