{"product_id":"foundation-engineering-for-expansive-soils-isbn-9780470581520","title":"Foundation Engineering for Expansive Soils","description":"\u003cb\u003eYour guide to the design and construction of foundations on expansive soils\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eFoundation Engineering for Expansive Soils\u003c\/i\u003e fills a significant gap in the current literature by presenting coverage of the design and construction of foundations for expansive soils. Written by an expert author team with nearly 70 years of combined industry experience, this important new work is the only modern guide to the subject, describing proven methods for identifying and analyzing expansive soils and developing foundation designs appropriate for specific locations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExpansive soils are found worldwide and are the leading cause of damage to structural roads. The primary problem that arises with regard to expansive soils is that deformations are significantly greater than in non-expansive soils and the size and direction of the deformations are difficult to predict. Now, \u003ci\u003eFoundation Engineering for Expansive Soils\u003c\/i\u003e gives engineers and contractors coverage of this subject from a design perspective, rather than a theoretical one. Plus, they'll have access to case studies covering the design and construction of foundations on expansive salts from both commercial and residential projects.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eProvides a succinct introduction to the basics of expansive soils and their threats\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes information on both shallow and deep foundation design\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eProfiles soil remediation techniques, backed-up with numerous case studies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCovers the most commonly used laboratory tests and site investigation techniques used for establishing the physical properties of expansive soils\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eIf you're a practicing civil engineer, geotechnical engineer or contractor, geologist, structural engineer, or an upper-level undergraduate or graduate student of one of these disciplines, \u003ci\u003eFoundation Engineering for Expansive Soils\u003c\/i\u003e is a must-have addition to your library of resources.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Symbols xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Abbreviations xxv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1. INTRODUCTION 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Purpose 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Organization 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Terminology 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2. NATURE OF EXPANSIVE SOILS 9\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Microscale Aspects of Expansive Soil Behavior 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 The Clay Particle 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Adsorbed Cations and Cation Hydration 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3 The Clay Micelle 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.4 Crystalline and Osmotic Expansion 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.5 Effect of Mineralogy on Plasticity of Soil 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.6 Effect of Mineralogy on Expansion Potential 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.7 Effect of Type of Cation on Expansion Potential 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Macroscale Aspects of Expansive Soil Behavior 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Development of Natural Soil Deposits 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Effect of Plasticity on Expansion Potential 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Effect of Soil Structure, Water Content, and Density on Expansion Potential 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Identification of Expansive Soils 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Methods Based on Physical Properties 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Mineralogical Methods 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Chemical Methods 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Comments on Identification Methods 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Characteristics of Expansive Soil Profiles 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Geographic Distribution of Expansive Soils 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Expansive Soil Profiles 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3. SITE INVESTIGATION 59\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Program of Exploration 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Reconnaissance Investigation 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Preliminary Investigation 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Design-Level Investigation 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Forensic Investigation 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4. SOIL SUCTION 74\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Soil Suction Components 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 Matric Suction 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 Osmotic Suction 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3 Total Suction 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Soil Water Characteristic Curve 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Mathematical Expressions for SWCC 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Soil Water Characteristic Curves for Expansive Soils 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Influence of Stress State on Soil Water Characteristic Relationships 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Effect of Suction on Groundwater Profiles 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Measurement of Matric Suction 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Tensiometers 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Axis Translation Technique 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Filter Paper Method for Matric Suction 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Thermal Conductivity Sensors 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.5 Electrical Resistance Sensors 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Measurement of Osmotic Suction 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Osmotic Tensiometers 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Pore Fluid Extraction Technique 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Measurement of Total Suction 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Psychrometers 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Filter Paper Method for Total Suction 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5. STATE OF STRESS AND CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONSHIPS 119\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 State of Stress and Stress State Variables 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Stress–Volume Relationships 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Stress–Water Relationships 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6. OEDOMETER TESTING 127\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Consolidation-Swell and Constant Volume Tests 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Correction of Oedometer Test Data 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Correction for Oedometer Compressibility 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Correction for Specimen Disturbance in the CV Test 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Effect of the Corrections on Expansion Properties 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Relationship Between CS and CV Swelling Pressures (the m Method) 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Factors Influencing Oedometer Test Results 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Initial Stress State Conditions 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Soil Fatigue 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Initial Consolidation of Sample 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Time and Method of Inundation 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.5 Storage of Samples 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.6 Competency of Laboratory Personnel 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7. WATER MIGRATION IN EXPANSIVE SOILS 152\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Water Flow in Unsaturated Soils 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Darcy’s Law for Unsaturated Soils 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Water Mass Balance Equation 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3 Vertical Seepage in Unsaturated Soil 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.4 Flow through Fractured Rocks and Bedding Planes 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Depth and Degree of Wetting 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Depth of Wetting 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Degree of Wetting 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Perched Water Tables in Layered Strata 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Wetting Profiles 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Determination of Final Water Content Profiles for Design 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Hand Calculation of Final Water Contents for Design 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Computer Modeling of Water Migration 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Challenges in Water Migration Modeling for Expansive Soils 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8. COMPUTATION OF PREDICTED HEAVE 182\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Oedometer Methods 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 The Heave Equation 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Computation of Free-Field Heave 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Computation of Heave under an Applied Load 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 Computation of Design Heave 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.5 Discussion of Earlier Oedometer Methods Proposed to Compute Heave 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.6 Comments on the Heave Index 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Soil Suction Methods 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 McKeen (1992) 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Department of the Army (1983) 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Hamberg and Nelson (1984) 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 Lytton (1994) 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Empirical Methods 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Progression of Heave with Time 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Hyperbolic Equation 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Use of Water Migration Modeling to Analyze Rate of Heave 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Free-Field Surface Movement for Shrink–Swell Soils 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Discussion of Heave Prediction 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR FOUNDATION AND FLOOR DESIGN 227\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Risk and Life Cycle Costs 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Classification of Expansion Potential 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Risk Factor 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Foundation Alternatives 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Factors Influencing Design of Structures on Expansive Soils 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Tolerable Foundation Movement 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Design Life 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Design Active Zone and Degree of Wetting 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Site Grading 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Remedial Measures 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10. SOIL TREATMENT AND MOISTURE CONTROL 258\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Overexcavation and Replacement 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Prewetting Method 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Chemical Admixtures 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Lime Treatment 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Cement Treatment 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Fly Ash Treatment 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Chemical Injection 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Moisture Control Alternatives 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Moisture Barriers 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Subsurface Drains 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Surface Grading and Drainage 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Summary of Soil Treatment Methods 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11. DESIGN METHODS FOR SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS 295\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Spread Footing Foundations 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Computation of Footing Heave 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.2 Spread Footing Design Examples 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Stiffened Slab Foundations 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Edge Heave and Center Heave 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Differential Heave 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Remedial Measures for Shallow Foundations 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Footing Foundations 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Stiffened Slab-on-Grade 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Other Methods 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12. DESIGN METHODS FOR DEEP FOUNDATIONS 320\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Pier and Grade Beam Foundation 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Design Methods 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Load-Bearing Capacity 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Patented Piers 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Helical Piles 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Micropiles 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Push Piers 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Deep Foundation Design Examples 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Rigid Pier Design Example 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 APEX Design Example 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Helical Pile Design Example 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Remedial Measures for Deep Foundations 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Pier and Grade Beam Foundation 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Underpinning 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13. FLOORS AND EXTERIOR FLATWORK 351\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Slabs-on-Grade 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Stiffened Slabs 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Structural Floors 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Exterior Slabs and Flatwork 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Remediation Techniques 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.1 Structural Floor Systems 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2 Moisture Control 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.3 Chemical Injection 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.4 Isolation of the Slab 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.5 Exterior Slabs 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14. LATERAL PRESSURE ON EARTH RETAINING STRUCTURES 363\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Computation of Lateral Pressure from Expansive Soils 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Testing for Measuring Lateral Swelling Pressure 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Reduction of Lateral Swelling Pressure 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Design for Lateral Earth Pressure 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 373\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eJOHN D. NELSON,\u003c\/b\u003e has over 50 years of geotechnical engineering experience with emphasis in expansive soils.??He is Professor Emeritus of Civil Engineering at Colorado State University, and Principal Engineer at Engineering Analytics, Inc.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eKUO CHIEH CHAO,\u003c\/b\u003e has over 20 years of geotechnical experience in foundation design and construction on expansive soils. He is Vice President of Engineering Analytics, Inc. and Adjunct Professor at Colorado State University.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDANIEL D. OVERTON,\u003c\/b\u003e has over 30 years of geotechnical engineering experience including foundation design for expansive soils. He is President of Engineering Analytics, Inc. and a Faculty Affiliate at Colorado State University.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eERIK J. NELSON,\u003c\/b\u003e has over 30 years of experience in geotechnical engineering, foundation design, and forensic investigations for expansive soils. He is Vice President at Engineering Analytics, Inc.\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAN ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF FOUNDATIONS ON EXPANSIVE SOILS\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWritten for engineers, contractors, and geologists, \u003ci\u003eFoundation Engineering for Expansive Soils\u003c\/i\u003e is a comprehensive resource that covers the design and construction of foundations for expansive soils. Noted experts John D. Nelson, Kuo Chieh Chao, Daniel D. Overton, and Erik J. Nelson describe proven methods for identifying and analyzing expansive soils and the development of foundation designs that are appropriate for specific locations. Written to be a practical resource, \u003ci\u003eFoundation Engineering for Expansive Soils\u003c\/i\u003e takes a design perspective, founded on rigorous engineering principles. In addition, the text includes a wealth of case studies that cover the design and construction of foundations on expansive soils for both commercial and residential projects.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eFoundation Engineering for Expansive Soils\u003c\/i\u003e provides a succinct introduction to the basics of expansive soils, including how to avoid common mistakes and detailed information on both shallow and deep foundation design. The authors also profile soil remediation techniques and cover the most commonly used laboratory tests and site investigation methods used for establishing the physical properties of expansive soils.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe authors have performed hundreds of forensic investigations on expansive soils. This important resource draws on their real-world experiences developing new ideas and methods of analyses that have been successfully applied to foundation design.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989236990181,"sku":"NP9780470581520","price":152.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780470581520.jpg?v=1761783324","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/foundation-engineering-for-expansive-soils-isbn-9780470581520","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}