{"product_id":"first-migrants-isbn-9781405189095","title":"First Migrants","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe first publication to outline the complex global story of human migration and dispersal throughout the whole of human prehistory. Utilizing archaeological, linguistic and biological evidence, Peter Bellwood traces the journeys of the earliest hunter-gatherer and agriculturalist migrants as critical elements in the evolution of human lifeways.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe first volume to chart global human migration and population dispersal throughout the whole of human prehistory, in all regions of the world\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAn archaeological odyssey that details the initial spread of early humans out of Africa approximately two million years ago, through the Ice Ages, and down to the continental and island migrations of agricultural populations within the past 10,000 years\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEmploys archaeological, linguistic and biological evidence to demonstrate how migration has always been a vital and complex element in explaining the evolution of the human species\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOutlines how significant migrations have affected population diversity in every region of the world\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eClarifies the importance of the development of agriculture as a migratory imperative in later prehistory\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFully referenced with detailed maps throughout\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e  \u003cp\u003eList of Figures ix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xiv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Note on Dating Terminology xvi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 The Relevance and Reality of Ancient Migration 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMigration in Prehistoric Times 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHypothesizing About Prehistoric Migrations 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMigrations in History and Ethnography 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Helvetii 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAncient China 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMedieval Iceland 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Nuer of Sudan 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Iban of Sarawak 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRelevance for Prehistoric Migration? 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Making Inferences About Prehistoric Migration 17\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChanges in Time and Space – Genes, Languages, Cultures 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHuman Biology, Genetics, and Migration 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDemic Diffusion 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLanguage Families and the Study of Migration in Prehistory 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eLanguage Family Spread: Lessons from Recent History 26\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eLanguage Family Spread: Lessons from Anthropology 28\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eDating the Spreads of Language Families 29\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eCultures in Archaeology – Do They Equate with Linguistic\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eand Biological Populations? 30\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArchaeology and the Study of Migration in Prehistory 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOne End of the Spectrum – Intensive Culture Change\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ewithout Significant Migration 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Other End of the Spectrum – Intensive Cultural Change\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ewith Significant Migration 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Migrating Hominins and the Rise of Our Own Species 36\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBehavioral Characteristics and Origins of Early Hominins in Africa 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst Hominin Migration(s) – Out of Africa 1 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnfolding Species in Time and Space 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJava, Flores, and Crossing the Sea 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOut of Africa 2? 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOut of Africa 3? The Origins of H. sapiens 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Recognition of Modern Humans in Biology and Archaeology 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Expansion of Modern Humans Across the African and\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurasian Continents, 130,000–45,000 Years Ago 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfrica 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Levant and Southern Asia 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorthern and Western Eurasia 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Fate of the Neanderthals 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExplanations? 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Beyond Eurasia: The Pioneers of Unpeopled Lands – Wallacea and Beyond, Australia, The Americas 71\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrossing the Sea Beyond Sundaland 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Many Settlers? 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe First Australo-Melanesians 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Archaeology of Island Colonization – Wallacea, Melanesia, Australia 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeading North and Offshore Again – Japan 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Americas 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGetting to Beringia 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCircumventing the Ice 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Rapid Unfolding of American Colonization 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Hunter-Gatherer Migrations in a Warming Postglacial World 96\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePostglacial Recolonizations in Northern Eurasia 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfter the First Americans: Further Migrations Across Bering Strait 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNa-Dene and Yeniseian 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Apachean Migration 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Holocene Colonizations of Arctic Coastal North America 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Thule Migration and the Inuit 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Early Holocene Colonization of a Green Sahara 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContinental Shelves and Their Significance for Human Migration 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHolocene Australia – Pama-Nyungan Migration? 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLinguistic Prehistory during the Australian Holocene 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWho Were the Ancestral Pama-Nyungans? 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 The First Farmers and Their Offspring 123\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhere and When Did Food Production Begin? 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy Did Food Production Develop in Some Places, but Not Others? 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy Was Domesticated Food Production Relatively Slow to Develop? 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFood Production and Population Expansion 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Neolithic 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFood Production as the Driving Force of Early Agriculturalist Migration 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 The Fertile Crescent Food Production Complex 140\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgricultural Origins in the Fertile Crescent 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeolithic and Chalcolithic Expansion Beyond the Fertile Crescent 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnatolia and Southeastern Europe 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeolithic Migration Beyond Greece and the Balkans 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Steppes and Central Asia 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIran, Pakistan, and South Asia Beyond the Indus 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLinguistic History and the Spread of the Fertile\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrescent Food Production Complex 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerspectives from Indo-European 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Possible Significance of the Turkic and Yeniseian Languages in Central Asia 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWest Eurasian Genetic and Population History in the Holocene 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeninsular Indian Archaeology and Dravidian Linguistic History 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Spread of the Fertile Crescent Food-Producing\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEconomy into North Africa 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Fertile Crescent Food Production Complex and Its Impact\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eon Holocene Prehistory in Western Eurasia 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 The East Asian and Western Pacific Food Production Complexes 178\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgricultural Origins in the Yellow and Yangzi Basins of East Asia 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMigrations from the Yellow River Basin 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMigrations from the Yangzi Basin – Mainland Southeast Asia 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Rice and the Linguistic Record 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGenetics, Human Biology, and the East Asian Mainland during the Holocene 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIsland Southeast Asia and Oceania 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Colonization of Oceania 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe History of the Austronesian Language Family 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiological Anthropology and the Austronesians 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe East Asian and Western Pacific Food Production Complexes and Their Impacts on Holocene Prehistory 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 The African and American Food Production Complexes 210\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFood Production in Sub-Saharan Africa 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWest Africa and the Niger-Congo-Speaking Populations 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe African Food Production Complex in Perspective 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHolocene Migrations in the Americas 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Central Andes 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmazonia 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Caribbean Islands 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMesoamerica 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNorthern Mesoamerica, the Southwestern United States, and the Uto-Aztecans 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Eastern Woodlands 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe American Food Production Complexes and Their Impacts on Holocene Prehistory 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 The Role of Migration in the History of Humanity 243\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 299\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e“In sum, First Migrantsis a commendable effort to synthesize a growing body of literature on the subject and will serve as a useful and much needed text for courses on the subject. For those generally unfamiliar with different parts of the world and why people moved to and fro, Bellwood has offered an attractive resource and one which should prove useful in that regard for years to come.”  (\u003ci\u003eAmerican Antiquity\u003c\/i\u003e, 1 July 2014)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e“This is a significant contribution to our understanding of world archaeology.”  (\u003ci\u003eAntiquity\u003c\/i\u003e, 1 June 2014)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cb\u003ePeter Bellwood\u003c\/b\u003e is Professor of Archaeology at the Australian National University. A renowned authority in a field driven by contesting paradigms, his vast experience and detailed empirical research have informed his widely-translated publications, especially covering South East Asia and the Pacific. Recent key works include \u003ci\u003eThe Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration, Volume 1: Prehistory\u003c\/i\u003e (2013), co-edited with Immanuel Ness, \u003ci\u003eFirst Farmers\u003c\/i\u003e (Wiley-Blackwell, 2005), \u003ci\u003ePrehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago\u003c\/i\u003e (second edition 1997, reprinted 2007), and \u003ci\u003eExamining the Farming\/Language Dispersal Hypothesis\u003c\/i\u003e (2002), co-edited with Colin Renfrew. His research integrates a range of techniques from archaeology, linguistics, and human biology, and he is currently engaged in archaeological research in Vietnam and the Philippines.  \u003cp\u003ePeter Bellwood’s global perspective on human migration offers an unprecedented view of the evolution of human lifeways. Charting the fascinating story of human migration throughout prehistory, the author takes the reader on an archaeological odyssey from humanity’s origins in Africa two million years ago, through the challenges and dislocations of the Ice Ages, to the continental migrations of agricultural peoples within the last 10,000 years.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrawing on a wide variety of data from archaeology, evolutionary biology, human genetics, and comparative linguistics, the book’s central argument posits that migration has always been a fundamental imperative in human affairs. Bellwood argues that human diversity is not just the result of purely local processes, but that significant migrations have always occurred, and identifies the development of agriculture as a critical element in recent human prehistory. The analysis provided in these pages is informed by the latest research and is well-illustrated with detailed maps.\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e“Bellwood rebalances our understanding of cultural evolution to show colonization and immigration as prime movers in spreading languages, religions and people, and in generating the diversity of ancient societies’ material cultures.”\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eNorman Hammond, Boston University\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e“Peter Bellwood has given us a monumental, invaluable, thoughtful survey of human migration, around the whole world, from 2 million years ago until modern times.” \u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eJared Diamond, University of California, Los Angeles\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989216280805,"sku":"NP9781405189095","price":86.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781405189095.jpg?v=1761783244","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/first-migrants-isbn-9781405189095","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}