{"product_id":"epilepsy-in-children-and-adolescents-isbn-9780470741238","title":"Epilepsy in Children and Adolescents","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEpilepsy in childhood presents a profound challenge\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpilepsy is an unsettling, complex condition. There is no ‘one size fits all’ option. For effective treatment a full understanding of each patient’s situation and clinical history is needed. Recent remarkable improvements in our ability to image brain structures, to define physiological patterns and in treatment options has made the task of care of the child with epilepsy potentially more effective.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEpilepsy in Children and Adolescents\u003c\/i\u003e provides the contemporary, caring guidance you need to diagnose and manage seizures in a young patient. Beginning with an overview of the classification of epilepsy syndromes, the experienced authors cover:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDiagnostic evaluation of childhood epilepsies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePrinciples of treatment\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eGeneralized seizures and generalized epilepsy syndromes\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePartial onset seizures and localization-related epilepsy syndromes\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEpilepsies relative to age, etiology or duration\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe full range of treatment options: medical, dietary, surgical\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEpilepsy in Children and Adolescents\u003c\/i\u003e takes a practical approach to a common but complex clinical challenge.\u003c\/p\u003e List of contributors xiii \u003cp\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection 1 Epidemiology and classification of childhood epilepsies 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection editor: Phillip L. Pearl\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1 Epidemiology and common comorbidities of epilepsy in childhood 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJay Salpekar, Matthew Byrne, and Georgann Ferrone\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Epidemiology 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Incidence and prevalence 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Gender and age 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Classification 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Febrile seizures 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Etiology 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Psychiatric comorbidity 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Psychological and psychosocial stress related to chronic disease 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Psychiatric symptoms related to medication side effects 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10 Psychiatric comorbidity related to epilepsy pathophysiology 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.11 Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.12 Anxiety 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.13 Depression 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.14 Intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.15 Conclusion 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 Classification and definition of seizures and epilepsy syndromes in childhood 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSusan E. Combs and Phillip L. Pearl\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Purpose and goals of definitions and classification 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Systems of classification and definitions 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Seizures 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Generalized seizures 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Focal seizures 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Syndromes 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Specific age-related epilepsy syndromes 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Future directions 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3 Initiating and withdrawing medical management 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDavid T. Hsieh and Bhagwan Indur Moorjani\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Initiating medical management 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 The chances of seizure recurrence after the first unprovoked seizure 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Seizure recurrence 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 The possible adverse effects of seizure recurrence 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 The risks of initiating antiepileptic drug therapy 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 The benefits of initiating antiepileptic drug therapy 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 How to initiate treatment with antiepileptic drugs 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Special circumstances 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Summary: initiating medical management 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 Withdrawing medical management 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.11 The long-term prognosis of childhood-onset epilepsy 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.12 When to consider discontinuing antiepileptic drug therapy 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.13 Risk factors for seizure recurrence after discontinuation 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.14 The risks of discontinuing antiepileptic drug therapy 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15 The benefits of discontinuing antiepileptic drug therapy 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.16 How to discontinue antiepileptic drugs 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.17 Special circumstances 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.18 Summary: withdrawing medical management 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.19 Disclaimer 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4 Common genetic and neurocutaneous disorders in childhood epilepsy 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDewi Frances T. Depositario-Cabacar, William McClintock, and Tom Reehal\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Idiopathic epilepsies 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Symptomatic epilepsies 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Epilepsy in common chromosomal abnormalities 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Epilepsy in metabolic and mitochondrial disorders 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Epilepsy in malformations of cortical development 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Neurocutaneous disorders 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Summary 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection 2 Diagnostic evaluation of childhood epilepsies 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection editor: David F. Clarke\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5 Evaluating the child with seizures 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKristen Park and Susan Koh\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Emergent diagnosis and management 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Subsequent evaluation 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Additional neurodiagnostic evaluation 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6 The use of EEG in the diagnosis of childhood epilepsy 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDavid F. Clarke\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Technical aspects of the EEG 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Methods used to increase EEG yield 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 When should an EEG be ordered? 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 EEG findings in epilepsy and epilepsy syndromes 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Neonatal EEGs 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 The EEG in focal epilepsy 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 The EEG of generalized epilepsy 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Specific disease-related epilepsy syndromes 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Conclusion 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7 Imaging of pediatric epilepsy 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAsim F. Choudhri\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Imaging considerations 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Congenital malformations 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Neoplasms 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Acquired\/idiopathic abnormalities 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8 Non-epileptic paroxysmal events of childhood 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSucheta M. Joshi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Breath-holding spells 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Parasomnias 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of childhood 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Syncope 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Paroxymal non-epileptic events (PNEs) with a psychiatric or behavioral basis 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Hyperekplexia 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Alternating hemiplegia of childhood 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 Movement disorders 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10 Sandifer syndrome 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.11 Conclusion 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection 3 Principles of treatment 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection editor: James W. Wheless\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9 Pharmacology of antiepileptic drugs 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJames W. Wheless\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Pharmacokinetics 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Pharmacogenomics 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10 Therapeutic efficacy of antiepileptic drugs 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJames W. Wheless\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Efficacy-based treatment guidelines 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Antiepileptic drug selection based on specific pediatric epilepsy syndromes 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Influence of comorbidities in children with epilepsy 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Conclusions 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11 Adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJames W. Wheless\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Specific drugs 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 At-risk profiles and monitoring 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12 Vagus nerve stimulation therapy and epilepsy surgery 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKate Van Poppel and James W. Wheless\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Vagus nerve stimulation 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Epilepsy surgery 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Conclusions 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13 Dietary therapies to treat epilepsy 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJames W. Wheless\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 History 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Efficacy 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Mechanism of action 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Selection of candidates for the diet 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Initiation and maintenance 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Complications 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 The ketogenic diet in the twenty-first century 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResources 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWebsites 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection 4 Generalized seizures and generalized epilepsy syndromes 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection editor: Amy L. McGregor\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14 Idiopathic generalized epilepsies 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmy L. McGregor\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Clinical features 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Natural history 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Genetics 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Treatment 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Classification 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Myoclonic epilepsy in infancy 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10 Epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone (IGE-GTCs) 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.11 Epilepsy with myoclonic absence 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.12 Epilepsy with myoclonic-atonic seizures\/Doose syndrome 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.13 Febrile seizures plus (FS+) 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.14 Eyelid myoclonia with absences (EMA)\/Jeavons syndrome 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.15 Summary 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15 Cryptogenic and symptomatic generalized epilepsies: epilepsies with encephalopathy 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKaren Keough\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Neonatal-onset epilepsies with encephalopathy 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Infantile-onset epilepsies with encephalopathy 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Epilepsies with encephalopathy with onset later in infancy 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Epilepsies with encephalopathy with onset after infancy 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Continuous spike wave of sleep (CSWS) and Landau–Kleffner\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003esyndrome (LKS) 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection 5 Partial-onset seizures and localization-related epilepsy syndromes 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection editor: James W. Wheless\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16 Idiopathic partial epilepsies 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFreedom F. Perkins Jr\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Benign infantile seizures 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Childhood occipital epilepsy (Panayiotopoulos type) 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Late-onset childhood occipital epilepsy (Gastaut type) 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17 Cryptogenic and symptomatic partial epilepsies 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStephen Fulton\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Etiology 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Seizure phenomena 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Temporal lobe epilepsy 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Extratemporal epilepsy 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Occipital lobe epilepsy 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Parietal lobe epilepsy 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Hypothalamic hamartoma 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 Other localizing and lateralizing signs 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection 6 Epilepsies relative to age, etiology, or duration 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection editor: Yu-Tze Ng\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18 Neonatal seizures 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEric V. Hastriter\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Significance of neonatal seizures 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Pathophysiology of neonatal seizures 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Classification and clinical features of neonatal seizures 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Electrographic seizures 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Monitoring and recording 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Etiology of neonatal seizures 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7 Metabolic causes for neonatal seizures 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.8 Inborn errors of metabolism 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.9 Treatment 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.10 Chronic postnatal epilepsy and the need for long-term treatment 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.11 Potential adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs on the immature CNS 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.12 Conclusion 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19 Febrile seizures 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarie Francisca Grill\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Definition 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Incidence and prevalence 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Pathophysiology 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Prognosis 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 Initial evaluation and management 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.7 Long-term management 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.8 Management in practice 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.9 Genetics 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.10 Parent counseling 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.11 Conclusion 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20 Status epilepticus in childhood 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eYu-Tze Ng and Rama Maganti\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Definition 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Epidemiology 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Pathophysiology 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Etiology 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Diagnosis and investigations 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 EEG patterns in status epilepticus 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 Treatment 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8 Prognosis 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 365\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e“In general, I think this book very sound.  It would be an excellent introduction for neurology residents and a good review for general paediatric neurologists who feel a bit out of touch with current treatments for epilepsy.”  (\u003ci\u003eThe Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences\u003c\/i\u003e, 1 September 2013)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e“This is an exceptional read, unlike others in the way it addresses the treatment of children with epilepsy, rather than just the treatment of epilepsy.”  (\u003ci\u003eDoody’s\u003c\/i\u003e, 2 August 2013)\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDavid F. Clarke, MD\u003c\/b\u003e, Dell Children's Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Austin, TX, USA\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAmy L. McGregor, MD\u003c\/b\u003e, University of Tennessee Health Center and Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePhilip L. Pearl, MD,\u003c\/b\u003e Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eYu-Tze Ng, MD,\u003c\/b\u003e University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEpilepsy in childhood presents a profound challenge\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpilepsy is an unsettling, complex condition. There is no ‘one size fits all’ option. For effective treatment a full understanding of each patient’s situation and clinical history is needed. Recent remarkable improvements in our ability to image brain structures, to define physiological patterns and in treatment options has made the task of care of the child with epilepsy potentially more effective.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEpilepsy in Children and Adolescents\u003c\/i\u003e provides the contemporary, caring guidance you need to diagnose and manage seizures in a young patient. Beginning with an overview of the classification of epilepsy syndromes, the experienced authors cover:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDiagnostic evaluation of childhood epilepsies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePrinciples of treatment\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eGeneralized seizures and generalized epilepsy syndromes\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePartial onset seizures and localization-related epilepsy syndromes\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEpilepsies relative to age, etiology or duration\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe full range of treatment options: medical, dietary, surgical\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEpilepsy in Children and Adolescents\u003c\/i\u003e takes a practical approach to a common but complex clinical challenge.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989150220517,"sku":"NP9780470741238","price":190.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780470741238.jpg?v=1761783000","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/epilepsy-in-children-and-adolescents-isbn-9780470741238","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}