{"product_id":"earth-surface-processes-isbn-9780632035076","title":"Earth Surface Processes","description":"\u003ci\u003eEarth Surface Processes\u003c\/i\u003e is an introductory text for those studying the dynamics of fluid and sediment transport in the environments, in the context of both present-day patterns as well as the environmental changes decipherable in the geological record. The book is divided into two parts. The first deals with the global-scale aspects of the earth's surface system. The second part focuses on the physical underpinnings for fluid and sediment transport in a number of settings, found at the earth's surface and in its oceans. \u003cbr\u003e   \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEarth Surface Processes\u003c\/i\u003e fits into the literature of the broad holistic discipline of 'Earth System Science.' The author illustrates the physical principles of earth's surface processes and explains the relevant theories by quantitative practical exercises.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cdiv\u003eThe pioneering textbook on the \"new sedimentology\"\u003c\/div\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cdiv\u003eOne of the first textbooks to adopt the Earth Systems approach to geology, developed at Penn State and Stanford\u003c\/div\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cdiv\u003eShould reinvigorate more traditional courses in physical sedimentology and dynamical sedimentology\u003c\/div\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cdiv\u003eSuccessfully marries the innovative holistic approach to Earth Systems with the traditional reductionist approach to sedimentary processes\u003c\/div\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cdiv\u003eExplains both the global-scale Earth Surface System and the fluid dynamics and sedimentary transport processes that underlie this\u003c\/div\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cdiv\u003eQuantitative approach is reinforced with worked examples and solutions\u003c\/div\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cdiv\u003eRichly illustrated with original diagrams and a colour plate section\u003c\/div\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface ix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart one Thinking globally: the global Earth surface system\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Fundamentals of the Earth surface system 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 The Earth’s energy balance 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 The hydrological cycle 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Role of the hydrological cycle in the global climate system 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 Global heat transfer 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003el.3.3 Ocean–atmosphere interaction: driving mechanisms 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.4 Summary: a global interactive model 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.5 Runoff 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Role of the biosphere 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 The carbon cycle 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Topography and bathymetry 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 The shape of the Earth 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 Isostatic topography 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.3 The bathymetry of the ocean floor 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.4 Dynamic topography 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.5 Continental hypsometries 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Environmental change: past, present and future 51\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction: environmental change 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Significance of the Quaternary 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Environmental change associated with glaciation: the record of the Pleistocene 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 The northern hemisphere ice sheets and fringes 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 The marine stable isotope record 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Information from ice cores 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.4 Wind-blown dust on land: loess 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.5 Wind-blown dust in the deep sea 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.6 Geomorphic change in low latitudes 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Post-glacial changes up to the present day 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Climatic changes in the Holocene 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Effects of volcanic activity 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Causes of past climate change 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 The forcing mechanisms of climate change 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Sea level change 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Human impact 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Global warming 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Natural hazards and global climate change 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Liberation and flux of sediment 96\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Weathering and soils 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Mechanical weathering 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Chemical weathering 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Soils 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Sediment routing systems 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 The Indus sediment routing system 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Modelling the erosional engine of the sediment routing system 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Sediment and solute fluxes in drainage basins 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Bedload 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Suspended load 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Solute load 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Relation between solute and suspended load 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.5 Sediment rating curves 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Sediment yield and landscape models 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 The relation between sediment yield and environmental factors 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 The importance of tectonic activity 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Human impact on sediment yield 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 Human impact in the drainage basin 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.2 Deforestation 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart two Acting locally: fluid and sediment dynamics\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Some fluid mechanics 151\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction: the mechanics of natural substances 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 Dimensional analysis 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 The mechanics of clear fluids undergoing shear 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Settling of grains in a fluid 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Fluid resistance or drag 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Stokes’ law 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Pressure and shear forces on a particle 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Flow down an inclined plane 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Turbulent flow 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 The experiments of Reynolds 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 The description of turbulence 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Structure of turbulent boundary layers 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Velocity profiles in turbulent flows 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.5 Flow separation 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Sediment transport 179\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 The sediment continuity equation 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 The threshold of sediment movement under unidirectional flows 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Forces on a particle resting on a bed 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Dimensional analysis of the threshold problem 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 The Shields diagram 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Modes of sediment transport 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Bedload 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Flow resistance and palaeohydrology in bedload rivers 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Suspended load 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 A diffusion model for suspended sediment concentrations 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Bedforms in a cohesionless substrate 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Froude number 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Dimensional analysis of bedforms under a shear flow 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 The existence fields of bedforms 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.4 The flow regime concept 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.5 Flow over ripples and dunes 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.6 Stability theory 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.7 Defect propagation 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.8 Stratification caused by the migration of bedforms 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Hyperconcentrated and mass flows 211\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Variability of mass flows and hyperconcentrated flows 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Soil creep 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 The initiation of slope failure 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Friction 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Strength of natural materials 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 The Navier–Coulomb criterion of failure 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Sliding on a slope 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.5 Rotational failures 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.6 The importance of fluid pressures 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 The Mechanics of debris flows 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Bingham plastic model 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Non-Newtonian fluid model 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Turbulence in debris flows 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Turbidity currents 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Density currents in nature 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 The mechanics of turbidity currents 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Deposition from turbidity currents 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Pyroclastic density currents 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Jets, plumes and mixing at the coast 241\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction to mixing phenomena 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Model of a turbulent axisymmetric jet 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 River outflows 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Dynamics at river mouths 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Mississippi outflow case study 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Modifying marine processes 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.4 A note on delta classification 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Estuaries 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Estuary types 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 The turbidity maximum and its controls 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Tides and waves 267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction to surface waves 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Tidal observations 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Ocean tides 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Tide-generating forces 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Kelvin waves in the open ocean 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Tsunamis 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Tides in shallow waters 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Shoaling of ocean tides on the continental shelf 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Tidal co-oscillation in a partially enclosed sea 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 Tidal currents in shallow waters 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.4 Tides in estuaries 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.5 Dissipation of tidal energy 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Sediment transport under tidal flows 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Tidal sandwaves 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Wind-generated waves 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 Small-amplitude wave theory 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.2 Transformations in shallow water 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Sediment transport under waves 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.1 The threshold of sediment movement under waves 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.2 Wave-generated bedforms 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Ocean currents and storms 307\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Currents in the ocean 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 An intuitive description of the Coriolis force 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 The wind-driven circulation 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Currents without friction: geostrophic flows 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 Coastal upwelling and downwelling 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.5 Effects of sea bed friction on a geostrophic current 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.6 Interaction between ocean currents and coastal waters 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Deep water sediment drifts 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Passage of a storm\/cyclone 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 The barometric effect 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Wind set-up 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Wave set-up 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.4 The pressure gradient current 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.5 Sediment transport and bedforms under storms 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Storms as hazards 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Wind 341\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Atmospheric circulation 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Atmospheric stability 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 The geostrophic wind 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 The planetary wind field 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 The atmospheric boundary layer 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 The velocity profile in the wind 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 The effect of topography 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Sediment transport by the wind 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Threshold of sediment motion 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Modes of sediment transport 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Aeolian bedforms and deposits 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.1 Lamination styles 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.2 Ripples 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.3 Dunes 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Wind as a hazard 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.1 Strong winds and drought 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.2 Soil erosion by wind 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Glaciers 373\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter summary 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction: the cryosphere 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 The dynamics of ice 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Introduction 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Non-Newtonian fluid model 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Ideal plastic model 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 Discharge variations in glaciers 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Sediment transport by ice 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Glacial erosion 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Glacial deposition 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Altitudinal zonation of surface process in glaciated landscapes 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 The sediment budget of the Raikot glacier 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurther reading 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 398\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003ePhilip A. Allen is the author of Earth Surface Processes, published by Wiley.  \u003ci\u003eEarth Surface Processes\u003c\/i\u003e is an introductory text for those studying the dynamics of fluid and sediment transport in the environments - set in the context of both present day patterns and the environmental changes decipherable in the geological record. The book is divided into two parts, the first dealing with the global scale aspects of the Earth surface system, and the second focussing on the physical underpinnings for fluid and sediment transport in a\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989096612069,"sku":"NP9780632035076","price":133.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780632035076.jpg?v=1761782781","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/earth-surface-processes-isbn-9780632035076","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}