{"product_id":"biobased-composites-isbn-9781119641797","title":"Biobased Composites","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eExplore the world of biocomposites with this one-stop resource edited by four international leaders in the field \u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eBio-based Composites: Characterization, Properties, and Applications\u003c\/i\u003e delivers a comprehensive treatment of all known characterization methods, properties, and industry applications of bio-based composites materials. This unique, one-stop resource covers all major developments in the field from the last decade of research into this environmentally beneficial area. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe internationally recognized editors have selected resources that represent advances in the mechanical, thermal, tribological, and water sorption properties of bio-based composites, and cover new areas of research in physico-chemical analysis, flame retardancy, failure mechanisms, lifecycle assessment, and modeling of bio-based composites. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe low weight, low cost, excellent thermal recyclability, and biodegradability of bio-based composites make them ideal candidates to replace engineered plastic products derived from fossil fuel. This book provides its readers with the knowledge they’ll require to understand a new class of materials increasingly being used in the automotive and packaging industries, aerospace, the military, and construction. It also includes: \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAn extended discussion of the environmental impact of bio-based composites using a lice cycle methodology \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA review of forecasts of natural fiber reinforced polymeric composites and its degradability concerns \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAn analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of a bio-based composite with sisal powder \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA comprehensive treatment of the mechanical, thermal, tribological, and dielectric properties of bio-based composites \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA review of processing methods for the manufacture of bio-based composites \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerfect for materials scientists in private industry, government laboratories, or engaged in academic research, \u003ci\u003eBio-Based Composites\u003c\/i\u003e will also earn a place in the libraries of industrial and manufacturing engineers who seek a better understanding of the beneficial industrial applications of biocomposites in industries ranging from automobiles to packaging. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Contributors ix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction to Biobased Composites \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFaris M. AL-Oqla\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Biodegradable Materials 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Polymers in Tissue Engineering 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Environmental Realization 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Green Biomass-based Composites 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Selection Considerations 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.1 Materials Implementation Requirements 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.2 Material Cost 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Biomass Composites Characteristics and Testing 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Life-cycle Assessment 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Conclusions 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Processing Methods for Manufacture of Biobased Composites \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e15\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eP. Shenbaga Velu, N. J. Vignesh, and N. Rajesh Jesudoss Hynes\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Biobased Materials 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Processing Methods 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Fabrication Techniques of Biobased Composites 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Solvent Casting and Particulate Leaching 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Emulsion Freeze Drying 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Electrospinning 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4 Blow Film Extrusion 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.5 3D Printing 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Fillers and Reinforcements Used in the Preparation of Biobased Composites 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Biobased Fillers\/Reinforcements with Non-biobased Polymers 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Non-biobased Fillers\/Reinforcements with Biobased Polymers 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Biobased Filler\/Reinforcement and Biobased Polymer 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Conclusion 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Physicochemical Analysis of Biobased Composites \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e29\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eN. J. Vignesh, P. Shenbaga Velu, and N. Rajesh Jesudoss Hynes\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Performance of Biocomposites 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Tensile Properties 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Flexural Properties 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Impact Properties 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Creep 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5 Brittleness and Ductility 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.6 Toughness 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Physicochemical Properties 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Conclusion 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Characterization of Biobased Composites \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e39\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnna Sienkiewicz and Piotr Czub\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 The Conception of Composites 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Classification of Biocomposites 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Materials for the Synthesis of Biobased Composites 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Biopolymers as Matrix of Green Composites 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Fibers as Natural Reinforcement 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Challenges of the Introduction of Natural Fiber 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Mechanical, Thermal, Tribological, and Dielectric Properties of Biobased Composites \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e53\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eT. Senthil Muthu Kumar, K. Senthilkumar, M. Chandrasekar, S. Karthikeyan, Nadir Ayrilmis, N. Rajini, and Suchart Siengchin\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Characterization of Biobased Composites 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Factors Influencing Various Properties of the Biobased Composites 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Constituents of Biobased Composites 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Fabrication Techniques of Biobased Composites 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Aging and Their Impact on the Composite Properties 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Mechanical Properties of Biobased Composites 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Thermal Properties of Biobased Composites 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Thermogravimetric Analysis of Biobased Composites 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Biobased Composites 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Tribological Properties of Biobased Composites 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Dielectric Properties of Biobased Composites 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Conclusions 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Flame Retardancy of Biobased Composites \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e75\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eN. B. Karthik Babu, T. Ramesh, and Mohit Hemath Kumar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Flame Retardants 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Types of Flame Retardants 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Types of Biobased Polymer Composites Used in a Flame-Retardant Application 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Role and Effect of Natural Byproducts on the Flame-Retardant Behavior of a Biocomposite 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Flammability of Biochar Reinforced Biocomposites 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Commonly Used Agro-wastes to Improve the Flame Retardancy of a Biocomposite 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Role and Effect of Biobased Natural Fibers on the Flammability of a Biocomposite 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Summary 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Failure Mechanisms of Biobased Composites \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e87\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDipen Kumar Rajak, Durgesh D. Pagar, and Catalin I. Pruncu\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Fiber Reinforcements in Biobased Composites 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Fiber Failures 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2.1 Fiber–Matrix Debonding 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2.2 Fiber Pullout 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2.3 Tear Type Failure 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3 Fiber Pretreatments 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3.1 Defibration 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3.2 Surface Modification 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3.3 Coupling Agent 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Matrix Materials for Biobased Composites 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Matrix Failure 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Matrix Treatment 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Trends in Biobased Composites 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Wood Plastic Composites 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1.1 Failure in WPC 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Hybrid Combination 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Adapted Manufacturing Technologies 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Injection Molding 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Liquid Composite Molding 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Other Failure Criteria 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Conclusion 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Recent Advances and Technologies of Biobased Composites \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e107\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eE. Biswas, S. Hawkins, K. Monroe, T. F. Garrison, and R. L. Quirino\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Recent Advances on Biobased Matrices 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Carbohydrate-Based Matrices 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Plant Oil-Based Matrices 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Biobased Polyester Matrices 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 Natural Rubber 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.5 Collagen 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Recent Advances on Biobased Reinforcements 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Biobased Fiber Reinforcements 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Wood Biochar-Based Reinforcements 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Biobased Nanocomposite Reinforcements 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3.1 Cellulose Nanocomposites 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3.2 Other Nanocomposites 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Recent Advances on Biobased Composite Processing 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Extrusion and Injection Molding Techniques 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Wet Lay-Up Techniques 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 3D Printing of Biobased Composites 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Conclusion 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Biocomposites for Energy Storage \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e123\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eM. Ramesh, J. Maniraj, and L. Rajesh Kumar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Fundamental Concepts 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Background 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Selection Parameters for Biocomposites 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Host Response and Biocompatibility 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Biofunctionality 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Functional Tissue Structure and Pathobiology 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Toxicology 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.5 Design and Manufacturability 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.6 Mechanical Properties 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.7 Corrosion Resistance 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.8 Wear and Fatigue Resistance 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Biocomposites for Energy Storage 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Bioinspired Composite Materials 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Bioinspired Composites for Energy Storage 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Enzyme-Based Materials 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Biosensing\/Bioimaging Applications 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Conclusion 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Analysis of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of A Biobased Composite with Sisal Powder \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e143\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKátia Moreira, Thiago Santos, Caroliny Santos, Rubens Fonseca, Moises Melo, and Marcos Aquino\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Biobased Composites 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Polyester Matrix Composites 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Manufacture of Composites 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Physical–Mechanical Tests 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Analysis of Physical and Mechanical Properties 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Conclusions 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Physico-Mechanical Properties of Biobased Composites \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e153\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eA. V. Kiruthika\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Biobased Fibers 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.2 Biobased Matrices 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Physico-Mechanical Property of the Biobased Composites 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Density of Biobased Composites 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Mechanical Properties of Biobased Composites 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Applications of Biobased Composites 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Conclusions 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Synthesis and Utilization of Biodegradable Polymers \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e167\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLalit Ranakoti, Brijesh Gangil, Pawan Kumar Rakesh, and Nikita Agrawal\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Synthesis Techniques of Biodegradable Polymers 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 By Modifying Natural Polymers 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Polymers Synthesized by Chemicals 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Polymers Synthesized by Microorganisms 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Synthesis by Enzymes 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.5 Synthesis by Chemo-Enzymes 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Biodegradable Polymers and Their Synthesis 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Starch 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Polylactic Acid 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Polycaprolactone 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates\/Polyhydroxybutyrate 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.5 Starch–Polyolefin Blends 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.6 Starch–Polyester Blends 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.7 Starch–PLA Blends 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Applications of Biopolymers in Industries 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Conclusion 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Forecasts of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymeric Composites and Its Degradability Concerns – A Review \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e175\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eD. Divya, S. Indran, M. R. Sanjay, and Suchart Siengchin\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Recent Trends of Natural Fiber Production from Plants 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Magnitude of Natural Fibers at this Juncture 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Constraints and Competence of Natural Fibers 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Degradability of Polymeric Natural Fiber Composites 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Marine Application of Natural Fiber Composites and Its Degradation 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Conclusion 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Biofibers and Biopolymers for Biocomposites – in the Eyes of Spectroscopy \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e197\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMadhu Yadav, Jamal Akhter Siddique, Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan, Anish Khan, and Abdullah M. Asiri\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.1 Polylactic Acid 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.2 Polyhydroxyalkanoates 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.3 Polycaprolactone 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Characterization 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Scanning Electron Microscopy 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1.1 Morphological Inspection by SEM 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1.2 Degree of Adhesion by SEM 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1.3 Water Absorption of Composites by SEM 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Optical Microscopy 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Atomic Force Microscopy 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.4 Transmission Electron Microscopy 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.5 Spectroscopic Techniques 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.5.1 NMR Analysis 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.5.2 Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.5.3 Acoustic Emission Spectrometry 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Conclusions 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Environmental Impact Study on Biobased Composites Using Lifecycle Methodology \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e213\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eP. Ramesh, H. Mohit, and V. Arul Mozhi Selvan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Lifecycle Assessment 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Goal and Scope 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Inventory Data 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.3 Impact Assessment 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.4 Interpretation 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Simplified Case Study 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Goal and Scope 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 System Boundary 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Inventory Analysis 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Impact Assessment 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Results 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.1 Normalization 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Conclusion 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 223\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAnish Khan, PhD,\u003c\/b\u003e is Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research at King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSanjay M. Rangappa, PhD\u003c\/b\u003e, is a research scientist at Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Academic Enhancement Department, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSuchart Siengchin, D.Eng\u003c\/b\u003e, is President of King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbdullah M. Asiri, PhD,\u003c\/b\u003e is Director of the Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research and Professor in the Department of Chemistry at King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eExplore the world of biocomposites with this one-stop resource edited by four international leaders in the field\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eBiobased Composites: Processing, Characterization, Properties, and Applications\u003c\/i\u003e delivers a comprehensive treatment of all known characterization methods, properties, and industry applications of biobased composites materials. This unique, one-stop resource covers all major developments in the field from the last decade of research into this environmentally beneficial area. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe internationally recognized editors have selected resources that represent advances in the mechanical, thermal, tribological, and water sorption properties of biobased composites, and cover new areas of research in physico-chemical analysis, flame retardancy, failure mechanisms, lifecycle assessment, and modeling of biobased composites. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe low weight, low cost, excellent thermal recyclability, and biodegradability of biobased composites make them ideal candidates to replace engineered plastic products derived from fossil fuel. This book provides its readers with the knowledge they'll require to understand a new class of materials increasingly being used in the automotive and packaging industries, aerospace, the military, and construction. It also includes: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eAn extended discussion of the environmental impact of biobased composites using a life cycle methodology\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA review of forecasts of natural fiber reinforced polymeric composites and its degradability concerns\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAn analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of a biobased composite with sisal powder\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA comprehensive treatment of the mechanical, thermal, tribological, and dielectric properties of biobased composites\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA review of processing methods for the manufacture of biobased composites\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerfect for materials scientists in private industry, government laboratories, or engaged in academic research, \u003ci\u003eBiobased Composites\u003c\/i\u003e will also earn a place in the libraries of industrial and manufacturing engineers who seek a better understanding of the beneficial industrial applications of biocomposites in industries ranging from automobiles to packaging.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47988813299941,"sku":"NP9781119641797","price":157.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781119641797.jpg?v=1761781692","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/products\/biobased-composites-isbn-9781119641797","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}