{"product_id":"wind-resource-assessment-isbn-9781118022320","title":"Wind Resource Assessment","description":"\u003cp\u003eA practical, authoritative guide to the assessment of wind resources for utility-scale wind projects—authored by a team of experts from a leading renewable energy consultancy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe successful development of wind energy projects depends on an accurate assessment of where, how often, and how strongly the wind blows. A mistake in this stage of evaluation can cause severe financial losses and missed opportunities for developers, lenders, and investors.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eWind Resource Assessment: A Practical Guide to Developing a Wind Project\u003c\/i\u003e shows readers how to achieve a high standard of resource assessment, reduce the uncertainty associated with long-term energy performance, and maximize the value of their project assets. Beginning with the siting, installation, and operation of a high-quality wind monitoring program, this book continues with methods of data quality control and validation, extrapolating measurements from anemometer height to turbine height, adjusting short-term observations for historical climate conditions, and wind flow modeling to account for terrain and surface conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition, \u003ci\u003eWind Resource Assessment\u003c\/i\u003e addresses special topics such as:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorker safety\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eData security\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eRemote sensing technology (sodar and lidar)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eOffshore resource assessment\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpacts of climate change\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eUncertainty estimation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlant design and energy production estimatio\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eFilled with important information ranging from basic fundamentals of wind to cutting-edge research topics, and accompanied by helpful references and discussion questions, this comprehensive text—designed for an international audience—is a vital reference that promotes consistent standards for wind assessment across the industry.\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003ePreface xv\u003cb\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1. Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Where do Winds Come From? 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Key Characteristics of the Wind 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Wind Power Plants 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Purpose and Organization of this Book 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Questions for Discussion 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART 1 Wind Monitoring 13\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2. Overview of a Wind Resource Assessment Campaign 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Site Identification 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Resource Monitoring 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Wind Resource Analysis 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3. Siting a Wind Project 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Site Selection 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Regional Wind Resource Information 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Field Surveys 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Tower Placement 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Permitting for Wind Monitoring 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Land Lease Agreements 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Questions for Discussion 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4. Monitoring Station Instrumentation and Measurements 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Basic Measurements 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Additional Measurements 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Recorded Parameters and Sampling Intervals 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Data Loggers 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Data Storage Devices 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Data Transfer Equipment 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Power Sources 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Towers and Sensor Support Hardware 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 Wiring 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10 Measurement System Accuracy and Reliability 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.11 Questions for Review and Discussion 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5. Installation of Monitoring Stations 61\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Equipment Procurement 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Equipment Acceptance Testing and Field Preparation 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Installation Team 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Safety 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Determination of True North 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Tower Installation 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Sensor and Equipment Installation 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Site Commissioning 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Documentation 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10 Cost and Labor Estimates 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.11 Questions for Discussion 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6. Station Operation and Maintenance 87\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Site Visits 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Operation and Maintenance Procedures 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Documentation 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Spare Parts Inventory 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Questions for Discussion 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7. Data Collection and Handling 99\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Raw Data Storage 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Data Retrieval 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Data Retrieval Frequency 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Data Protection and Storage 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Documentation 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Questions for Discussion 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8. Ground-Based Remote Sensing Systems 105\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Sodar 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Lidar 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Remote Sensing Campaign Design and Siting 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Data Collection and Processing 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Comparisons with Conventional Anemometry 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Questions for Discussion 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART 2 Data Analysis and Resource Assessment 115\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9. Data Validation 117\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Data Conversion 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Data Validation 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Post-Validation Adjustments 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Data Substitution and Averaging 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Questions for Discussion 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10. Characterizing the Observed Wind Resource 130\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Summarizing the Observed Wind Resource 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Questions for Discussion 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11. Estimating the Resource at Hub Height 143\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Wind Speed 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Time-Varying Speeds and Speed Distributions 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Other Parameters 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Questions for Discussion 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12. The Climate Adjustment Process 155\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Is the Wind Climate Stable? 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Requirements for Accurate MCP 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Sources of Reference Data 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 The Target–Reference Relationship 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Questions for Discussion 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13. Wind Flow Modeling 178\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Types of Wind Flow Models 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Application of Numerical Wind Flow Models 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Questions for Discussion 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14. Offshore Resource Assessment 195\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Nature of the Offshore Wind Environment 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Wind Resource Monitoring Systems 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Operations and Maintenance of Offshore Systems 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Satellite-Based Microwave Sensors 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15. Uncertainty in Wind Resource Assessment 220\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Measurement Uncertainty 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Historical Wind Resource 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Future Wind Resource 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Wind Shear 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Wind Flow Modeling Uncertainty 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Combining Uncertainties 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Questions for Discussion 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16. Plant Design and Energy Production Estimation 233\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Plant Design Software 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Setting up the Project 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Wind Resource Data 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Selecting a Turbine 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Designing and Optimizing a Turbine Layout 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Gross and Net Energy Production 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Special Topics 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 Questions for Discussion 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix A. Wind Resource Assessment Equipment Vendors 260\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWind Resource Assessment Equipment 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix B. Selected Source of GIS Data 263\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSources of GIS Data Related to Wind Resource Assessment 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMichael C. Brower\u003c\/b\u003e, PhD, editor and lead author, is Chief Technical Officer of AWS Truepower, LLC, where he leads product development and helps ensure quality and standards across the company. A physicist and prominent expert in wind energy, he has led numerous assessments of utility-scale wind projects around the world. He is also known for his contributions to wind flow modeling and short-term wind forecasting. His coauthors are a team of experts in meteorology, engineering, and modeling who have collectively assessed over 60,000 MW of wind plant capacity.\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003eA practical, authoritative guide to the assessment of wind resources for utility-scale wind projects—authored by a team of experts from a leading renewable energy consultancy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe successful development of wind energy projects depends on an accurate assessment of where, how often, and how strongly the wind blows. A mistake in this stage of evaluation can cause severe financial losses and missed opportunities for developers, lenders, and investors.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eWind Resource Assessment: A Practical Guide to Developing a Wind Project\u003c\/i\u003e shows readers how to achieve a high standard of resource assessment, reduce the uncertainty associated with long-term energy performance, and maximize the value of their project assets. Beginning with the siting, installation, and operation of a high-quality wind monitoring program, this book continues with methods of data quality control and validation, extrapolating measurements from anemometer height to turbine height, adjusting short-term observations for historical climate conditions, and wind flow modeling to account for terrain and surface conditions.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition, \u003ci\u003eWind Resource Assessment\u003c\/i\u003e addresses special topics such as:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorker safety\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eData security\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eRemote sensing technology (sodar and lidar)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eOffshore resource assessment\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpacts of climate change\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eUncertainty estimation\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlant design and energy production estimatio\u003c\/p\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eFilled with important information ranging from basic fundamentals of wind to cutting-edge research topics, and accompanied by helpful references and discussion questions, this comprehensive text—designed for an international audience—is a vital reference that promotes consistent standards for wind assessment across the industry.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47990494658789,"sku":"NP9781118022320","price":107.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781118022320.jpg?v=1761788054","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/wind-resource-assessment-isbn-9781118022320","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}