{"product_id":"understanding-nicotine-and-tobacco-addiction-isbn-9780470016572","title":"Understanding Nicotine and Tobacco Addiction","description":"Cigarette smoking is estimated to lead to 4.9 million premature deaths per year worldwide. This is predicted to rise to 10 million by 2020. In western countries it kills half of all smokers who fail to stop.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e The prevailing model for tobacco addiction is that nicotine from cigarettes rewards smoking and punishes abstinence, tapping into a motivational system of operant conditioning that requires no conscious awareness. However, there are also accounts which involve cognitive biases and the effect of nicotine on impulse control. The brain pathways involved have been studied extensively, but the role of different nicotine receptor subtypes and other neurotransmitter systems is still subject to debate.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e In western countries, cigarette smoking as an adult has a heritability of 30-50% and candidate genes have been identified that may contribute in part to addiction susceptibility. Many socio-cultural correlates of cigarette smoking have been established, but a comprehensive model that accounts for these and links them with the psychobiological aspects of nicotine addiction has not been forthcoming. Structured behavioural support programmes aid cessation attempts, as do a number of pharmacotherapies, most notably nicotine replacement treatments and bupropion, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e This book deals with the problems involved in understanding and treating nicotine and tobacco addiction. Topics covered include the nature of the worldwide health problem posed by cigarette smoking, the psychodynamics of cigarette addiction, and the basic pharmacology and biochemistry of nicotine and its effect on the brain. Further chapters analyse the genetic basis of susceptibility to nicotine addiction. Finally, the contributors address approaches to therapy. A continuing theme in the discussions throughout the book is how best to treat nicotine addiction, given that many smokers would like to stop smoking but are unable to do so because of their addiction.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e This book will be of great value to all psychologists and psychiatrists working on addiction, specifically to nicotine but also to other compounds and behaviours. It will also be of interest to neuroscientists and pharmacologists working on nicotine receptors and the brain pathways involved in dependence, as well as to biochemists, molecular biologist and to public health officials. \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eSymposium on Understanding nicotine and tobacco addiction, held at the Novartis Foundation, London, 17–19 May 2005\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEditors: Gregory Bock (Organizer) and Jamie Goode\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThis symposium is based on a proposal made by Robert West and Gino van Heeke\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWilliam A. Corrigall\u003c\/b\u003e Chair’s introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRichard Peto and Richard Doll\u003c\/b\u003e The hazards of smoking and the benefits of stopping 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIan Stolerman\u003c\/b\u003e Animal models for nicotine dependence 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRobert West\u003c\/b\u003e Defining and assessing nicotine dependence in humans 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral discussion I 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUwe Maskos, Sylvie Granon, Philippe Faure and Jean-Pierre Changeux \u003c\/b\u003eNicotinic acetylcholine receptor functions in the CNS investigated with a novel method of stereotaxic gene re-expression in knockout mice 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMarina R. Picciotto\u003c\/b\u003e Nicotine-mediated activation of signal transduction pathways 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDavid Balfour\u003c\/b\u003e Complementary roles for the accumbal shell and core in nicotine dependence 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChristian Heidbreder\u003c\/b\u003e The dopamine D3 system: new opportunities for dopamine-based reward 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAthina Markou\u003c\/b\u003e Pathways and systems involved in nicotine dependence 132\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDiscussion 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eArthur L. Brody\u003c\/b\u003e Localizing tobacco dependence pathways with functional brain imaging 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCaryn Lerman\u003c\/b\u003e Pharmacogenetic approach to nicotine dependence treatment 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRobert Walton\u003c\/b\u003e Pharmacogenomics and smoking cessation 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGeneral discussion II\u003c\/b\u003e Power in studies 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReceptor desensitization 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePeter Hajek\u003c\/b\u003e What limits the efficacy of current nicotine replacement therapies? 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSaul Shiffman, Stuart Ferguson and Deborah Scharf\u003c\/b\u003e Exploring behavioural mechanisms of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRachel F. Tyndale and Edward M. Sellers\u003c\/b\u003e Modifying the metabolism of nicotine as a therapeutic strategy 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWilliam A. Corrigall\u003c\/b\u003e Challenges in discovery and development of pharmacotherapies for tobacco addiction 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscussion 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFinal discussion\u003c\/b\u003e Nicotine comorbidity 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnimal models 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex of contributors 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubject index 268\u003c\/p\u003e  \"…an excellent resource for individuals interested in this area.\" (\u003ci\u003eDoody's Health Services\u003c\/i\u003e)  \u003cp\u003e\"…thinking of all the clients…who smoke… Do we not owe it to our clients to save them from this Killer?\" (\u003ci\u003eJournal of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, September 2007)\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe Novartis Foundation\u003c\/b\u003e is an international scientific and educational charity which promotes the study and general knowledge of science and in particular encourages international co-operation in scientific research.  Cigarette smoking is estimated to lead to 4.9 million premature deaths per year worldwide. This is predicted to rise to 10 million by 2020. In western countries it kills half of all smokers who fail to stop.  \u003cp\u003eThe prevailing model for tobacco addiction is that nicotine from cigarettes rewards smoking and punishes abstinence, tapping into a motivational system of operant conditioning that requires no conscious awareness. However, there are also accounts which involve cognitive biases and the effect of nicotine on impulse control. The brain pathways involved have been studied extensively, but the role of different nicotine receptor subtypes and other neurotransmitter systems is still subject to debate.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn western countries, cigarette smoking as an adult has a heritability of 30–50% and candidate genes have been identified that may contribute in part to addiction susceptibility. Many socio-cultural correlates of cigarette smoking have been established, but a comprehensive model that accounts for these and links them with the psychobiological aspects of nicotine addiction has not been forthcoming. Structured behavioural support programmes aid cessation attempts, as do a number of pharmacotherapies, most notably nicotine replacement treatments and bupropion, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis book deals with the problems involved in understanding and treating nicotine and tobacco addiction. Topics covered include the nature of the worldwide health problem posed by cigarette smoking, the psychodynamics of cigarette addiction, and the basic pharmacology and biochemistry of nicotine and its effect on the brain. Further chapters analyse the genetic basis of susceptibility to nicotine addiction. Finally, the contributors address approaches to therapy. A continuing theme in the discussions throughout the book is how best to treat nicotine addiction, given that many smokers would like to stop smoking but are unable to do so because of their addiction.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis book will be of great value to all psychologists and psychiatrists working on addiction, specifically to nicotine but also to other compounds and behaviours.  It will also be of interest to neuroscientists and pharmacologists working on nicotine receptors and the brain pathways involved in dependence, as well as to biochemists, molecular biologist and to public health officials.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47990431776997,"sku":"NP9780470016572","price":253.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780470016572.jpg?v=1761787802","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/understanding-nicotine-and-tobacco-addiction-isbn-9780470016572","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}