{"product_id":"understanding-electric-power-systems-isbn-9780470484180","title":"Understanding Electric Power Systems","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA COMPREHENSIVE LOOK IN LAYMAN'S TERMS AT THE MANY ASPECTS OF THE PROVISION OF ELECTRIC POWER, BY TWO VETERAN EXECUTIVES AND RESPECTED EXPERTS\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTechnological advances and changes in government policy and regulation have altered the electric power industry in recent years and will continue to impact it for quite some time. Fully updated with the latest changes to regulation, structure, and technology, this new edition of \u003ci\u003eUnderstanding Electric Power Systems\u003c\/i\u003e offers a real-world view of the industry, explaining how it operates, how it is structured, and how electricity is regulated and priced. It includes extensive references for the reader and will be especially useful to lawyers, government officials, regulators, engineers, and students, as well as the general public. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe book explains the physical functioning of electric power systems, the electric power business in today's environment, and the related institutions, including recent changes in the roles of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the North American Reliability Company. Significant changes that are affecting the industry are covered in this new edition, including: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe expanded role of the federal government in the planning and operation of the nation's electric utilities\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNew energy laws and a large number of FERC regulations implementing these laws\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eConcerns over global warming and potential impacts on the electric industry\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePressures for expansion of the electric grid and the implementation of \"smart-grid\" technologies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe growing importance of various energy-storage technologies and renewable energy sources\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNew nuclear generation technologies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe 2009 economic stimulus package\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to the Second Edition xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1 Benefits of Electric Power and a History of the Electric Power Industry 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Societal Benefits of Electricity 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Origin of the Industry 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 The Development of the National Electric Power Grid 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 “The Golden Age” 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBlackouts and the Reliability Crisis 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Environmental Crises—The Shift to Low-Sulfur Oil 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Fuel Crisis—The Shift from Oil 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Financial Crisis 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Legislative and Regulatory Crisis 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Global Warming Crisis and Concerns about Carbon Emissions 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Restructuring, Competition, and the Industry 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOwnership Structure\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2 The Electric Power System \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 The Customers 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Sources of the Electric Energy—Generation 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 The Delivery System 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterconnections 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Grid 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3 Basic Electric Power Concepts 27\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Electric Energy 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Concepts Relating to the Flow of Electricity 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDirect Current (DC) 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlternating Current (AC) 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThree Phases 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSynchronism 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Characteristics of AC Systems 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResistance 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInduction and Inductive Reactance 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCapacitance and Capacitive Reactance 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpedance 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Ohm’s Law for Alternating Current 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Power in Alternating Current Circuits 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReal Power 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReactive Power 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransformers 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Power Flow 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDivision of Power Flow 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVoltage Drop and Reactive Power Flow 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Stability 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutomatic Generation Controls (AGC) 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResults of Instability 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4 Electric Energy Consumption 49\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 End Uses for Electricity 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Customer Classes 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Rate Classes 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Demand and Energy 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffects of Load Diversity 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 System Load 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLoad Management 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Reactive Load 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Losses and Unaccounted-For Energy in the Delivery System 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Forecasts 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5 Electric Power Generation and Concerns About Greenhouse Gases 65\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Generation’s Role 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Types of Generation 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Thermal Conversion: Using Fuel as the Energy Resource 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSteam Cycle—Steam Turbines 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombustion (Gas) Turbines 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombined Cycle 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNuclear 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReciprocating Engines 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicroturbines 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCombined Heat and Power (CHP) or Cogeneration 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Thermal Conversion: Nonfuel Heat Sources 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeothermal 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolar Thermal Generation 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Mechanical Energy Conversion 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHydroturbines and Hydropumped Storage 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWind Turbines 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistributed Generation and Other Sources 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Renewable Technologies and Greenhouse Gas Emissions 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSupply-Side Options to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinancial Options to Reduce Carbon Emissions 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Characteristics of Generating Plants 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSize 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEfficiency 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAvailability 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSchedulable and Unschedulable Units 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Capital Cost of Generation 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Generator Life Extension 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10 The Technology of Generation 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSynchronous Generators 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable Frequency and Direct Current Generation 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.11 System Needs and Evaluation of Intermittent Resources 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6 The Technology of the Electric Transmission System 97\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Components 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 HVAC 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverhead Lines 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverhead Line Capability—Ratings 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransmission Cable 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCable Capacity 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubmarine Cables 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuperconducting Cables 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Substations 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubstation Equipment 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubstation Circuit Breaker Arrangements 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransmission System Aging 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 HVDC 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Advantages of AC over DC Operation 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdvantages of HVDC 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisadvantages of HVDC 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Knowledge Required of Transmission Systems 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 7 Distribution 115\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Function of Distribution 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Primary Distribution Feeders 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRadial Systems 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLoop Systems 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimary Network Systems 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecondary Systems 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Distribution Capacity 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Losses 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Distribution Facility Ratings 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Metering 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Control of Distribution Voltages 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistribution Transformers 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVoltage Regulators 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCapacitors 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Distribution System Reliability 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Quality of Service 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 Design of Distribution Systems 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Distributed Generation 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.13 Operation of Distribution Systems 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.14 Smart Grids and Microgrids 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 8 Energy Storage and Other New Technologies 129\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Energy Storage 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBenefits of Energy Storage to Generation 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBenefits of Energy Storage to Transmission and Distribution 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Energy Storage Concepts and Technologies 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMechanical Systems 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Energy Storage 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChemical Energy Storage 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBatteries 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHydrogen Energy Storage Systems 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrical Storage 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuperconducting Magnetic Energy Storage 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePower Conversion Equipment 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Future for Energy Storage 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Smart Grid 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicrogrids 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 New Nuclear Plant Designs 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Carbon Sequestration and Clean Coal Technologies 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Superconductors 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 9 Reliability 155\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Causes of Outages 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Costs of Power Outages 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Ways to Measure Reliability 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Planning and Operating a Reliable and Adequate 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePower System\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneration 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransmission 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistribution 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Summary 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10 The Physical Network: The North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) and Its Standards 167\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 NERC as Electric Reliability Organization 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 NERC Standards 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFunctional Model 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Development of Standards 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReliability Principles 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarket Interface Principles 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompliance with NERC Standards 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther NERC Responsibilities 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Future 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 11 The Physical Network: Operation of the Electric Bulk Power 181\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Balancing Authorities 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArea Control 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOperating Reserves 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Reliability Coordinators 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Transmission Operators 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePower Transfer Limits 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDetermination of Total Transfer Capability 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParallel Path Flow and Loop Flow 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReduction of Power Transfers—Congestion Management 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAncillary Services 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Voltage and Reactive Control 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Emergencies 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOperating Emergencies 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Information Exchange 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 12 The Physical Network: Planning of the Electric Bulk Power System 197\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Planning Standards 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Generation Planning 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Transmission Planning 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransmission System Planning Studies 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Least Cost Planning 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 The New Planning Environment 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecent Transmission Projects 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 13 The Regulatory Network: Legislation 213\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Pricing and Regulation 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Federal Legislation 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Federal Utility Holding Company Act (PUHCA) 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Federal Power Act 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Other 1930 Federal Laws 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Department of Energy Organization Act 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct02) 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 The Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct05) 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.10 The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.11 Environmental Laws 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 14 The Regulatory Network: The Regulators 231\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 The Regulators 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFederal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDepartment of Energy (DOE) 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecent Federal Regulations 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFERC Actions after EPAct92 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFERC Actions Implementing EPAct05 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarket Manipulation 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectricity Reliability and Infrastructure 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExpansion and Modernization of the Nation’s Electricity Grid 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSiting Major New Transmission Facilities 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePURPA Reforms 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRepeal of PUHCA—Mergers and Acquisitions 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarket-Based Rates 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecent EPA Actions 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eState Regulatory Authority 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eState Utility Restructuring 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverall Regulatory Problems 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 15 The Information, Communication, and Control Network and Security 253\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Smart Grid 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Financial and Business Operations 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 System Operations 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Distribution Operations 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Cyber Security 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Nuclear Plant Security 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 16 The Fuel and Energy Network 261\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Resource Procurement 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFuel Measurements 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Fuel Transportation 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Fuel Diversity 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Fossil Fuels Used 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Renewable Energy 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Fuel Purchasing 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Emission Rights 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 17 The Business Network: Market Participants 273\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Investment and Cost Recovery 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 The Changing Industry Structure 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFunctional Unbundling 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditional Utility Responses 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eISO\/RTO Formation 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHolding Company Formation 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePower Plant Divestitures 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 New Structures 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePower Producers 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndependent Transmission Companies and Operators 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpact of Restructuring on the Transmission System 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistributors 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePower Marketers 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 New Corporate Ownership 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUtility Mergers and Acquisitions 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcquisitions by Foreign Companies 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinancial Institutions 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 18 The Money Network: Wholesale Markets 285\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 The Energy Markets 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard Market Design (SMD) 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLocational Marginal Pricing (LMP) 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Transmission 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransmission Rights 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysical Transmission Rights (PTRs) 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinancial Transmission Rights (FTRs) 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWheeling and Customer Choice 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContracts and Agreements 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAverage System versus Incremental Costs 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Customer Late Issues 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConstruction Work in Progress (CWIP) 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSetting of Rates 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRate Freezes 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAllocation of Costs and Economic Benefits 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAverage Costs versus Incremental Costs 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Market versus Operational Control 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Market Power Issues 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrice Caps 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 The Future 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 19 The Professional and Industry Organizations 301\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 The Professional Organizations 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(ASME) and the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) CIGRE 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Industry Associations 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNEMA 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Association of Edison Illuminating 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompanies (AEIC)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe American Public Power Association (APPA) 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Edison Electric Institute (EEI) 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Electricity Consumer Resource Council (ELCON) 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectric Power Supply Association (EPSA) 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Public Interest Groups 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe National Association of Regulatory Utility 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommissioners (NARUC)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental Defense Fund (EDF) 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic Citizen 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic Interest Law Project 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Research Organizations 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Research 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe National Regulatory Research Institute (NRRI) 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Power Systems Engineering Research Center (PSERC) 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 313\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eJACK CASAZZA\u003c\/b\u003e is an electrical engineer with wide experience in the electric power profession as an executive, researcher, economist, and consultant. He has served as vice president in a major utility responsible for elec- tric and gas planning and research, as a member of the Board of Directors of the Georgia System Operating Co., and as chairman of the U.S. Technical Committee of CIGRE. Casazza is the author of six books on electric power policy and technology and founded the American Education Institute. An IEEE Life Fellow, he received the Halperin Award for his contributions to the development of the national transmission system. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFRANK DELEA\u003c\/b\u003e is retired from Consolidated Edison Company, where he had a wide range of assignments giving him insight into planning, operational, financial, organizational, and legal issues. He was the company's chief electric planning engineer, its chief forecast engineer, its first project manager for rate cases, and a corporate planning director. He is an IEEE Senior Member. Since his retirement, Delea has conducted many short courses in technical, business, and regulatory issues relating to electric power systems for non-engineers.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA COMPREHENSIVE LOOK IN LAYMAN'S TERMS AT THE MANY ASPECTS OF THE PROVISION OF ELECTRIC POWER, BY TWO VETERAN EXECUTIVES AND RESPECTED EXPERTS\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTechnological advances and changes in government policy and regulation have altered the electric power industry in recent years and will continue to impact it for quite some time. Fully updated with the latest changes to regulation, structure, and technology, this new edition of \u003ci\u003eUnderstanding Electric Power Systems\u003c\/i\u003e offers a real-world view of the industry, explaining how it operates, how it is structured, and how electricity is regulated and priced. It includes extensive references for the reader and will be especially useful to lawyers, government officials, regulators, engineers, and students, as well as the general public. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe book explains the physical functioning of electric power systems, the electric power business in today's environment, and the related institutions, including recent changes in the roles of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the North American Reliability Company. Significant changes that are affecting the industry are covered in this new edition, including: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe expanded role of the federal government in the planning and operation of the nation's electric utilities\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNew energy laws and a large number of FERC regulations implementing these laws\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eConcerns over global warming and potential impacts on the electric industry\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePressures for expansion of the electric grid and the implementation of \"smart-grid\" technologies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe growing importance of various energy-storage technologies and renewable energy sources\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNew nuclear generation technologies\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe 2009 economic stimulus package\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Wiley-IEEE Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47990429253861,"sku":"NP9780470484180","price":113.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780470484180.jpg?v=1761787792","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/understanding-electric-power-systems-isbn-9780470484180","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}