{"product_id":"the-foot-in-diabetes-isbn-9781119445814","title":"The Foot in Diabetes","description":"\u003cp\u003eFully revised and updated edition of this popular book, addressing all issues concerning the diabetic foot, one of the most prevalent problems in diabetes, with a strong emphasis on practical aspects of delivering care.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Epidemiology and Economic Impact of Foot Ulcers \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eEdward J. Boyko and Matilde Monteiro-Soares\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) Definition 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 DFU Classification 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 DFU Incidence and Prevalence 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 DFU Recurrence 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Risk Factors for Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Lower Extremity Amputation 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Diabetic Foot Ulcer Outcomes 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Economic Considerations 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Cost of Diabetic Foot Disease in England \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e17\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarion Kerr\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Human Costs 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Financial Costs 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Why Measure Costs? 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Establishing Healthcare Priorities 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Conclusions 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Epidemiology of Amputation and the Influence of Ethnicity \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e31\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCaroline A. Abbott\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Why Study the Epidemiology of LEA? 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 LEA Incidence Study Design: The Risk of Bias 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 LEA Risk Assessment Study Design 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Risk Factors for LEA 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Incidence Rates of LEA 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 International and Regional Differences 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Time Trends in LEA Rates 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Ethnic Differences in Diabetes-Related LEA 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Ethnic Differences in Diabetes-Related LEA Risk 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 Indian Asians 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4a The Diabetic Foot Worldwide: India \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e43\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eM. Viswanathan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4a.1 Introduction 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4a.2 Epidemiology of Diabetes in India 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4a.3 Socio Economic Burden Due to Diabetes 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4a.4 Common Risk Factors for Amputation in India 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4a.5 Diagnosing High Risk Feet in Developing Countries 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4a.6 Comparison in Risk Factors between India and the Western World 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4a.7 DFI as a Cause for Declining Kidney Function 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4a.8 Helping People with Amputation Cope Up with the Disability 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4b The Diabetic Foot Worldwide: Pakistan \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e47\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAbdul Basit\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4b.1 Introduction 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4b.2 Concept of Multidisciplinary Diabetic Foot Care Team (MDFCT) 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4b.3 Nationwide Diabetic Foot Programme (Step by Step-[SbS]) 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4b.4 Footwear for Every Diabetic (FED) 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4b.5 Further Steps Ahead of SbS 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4c The Diabetic Foot Worldwide: Sub-Saharan Africa \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e51\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eZulfiqarali G. Abbas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.1 Introduction 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.2 Pathophysiology of Foot Ulcers 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.3 Peripheral Neuropathy (PN) 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.4 Peripheral Arterial Diseases (PAD) 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.5 Foot Ulceration in SSA 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.6 Foot Infection 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.7 Amputation 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.8 Mortality 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.9 Prevention 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4c.10 Conclusions 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4d Burden of Diabetic Foot Disease in Brazil \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e61\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eHermelinda C. Pedrosa and Luciana R. Bahia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4e Diabetic Foot in Romania and Eastern Europe \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e67\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNorina Alinta Gâvan and C. I. Bondor\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4e.1 Introduction 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4e.2 The Aim 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4e.3 Diabetic Foot in Romania 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4e.4 Diabetic Foot in Eastern Europe 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4e.5 Conclusions 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4f Diabetic Foot Worldwide: Pacific Region \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e75\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eShigeo Kono\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4g The Diabetic Foot Worldwide: Middle East \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e79\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSamir H. Assaad-Khalil\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4g.1 The Burden of Diabetic Foot Disease (DFD) in the Middle East (ME) 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4g.2 Specific Regional Barriers to Healthy Feet and Foot Care 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4g.3 Misconceptions 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4g.4 Footwear 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4g.5 Foot Care, Education and Awareness 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4h The Diabetic Foot Worldwide: Australasia \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e85\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePeter A. Lazzarini\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4h.1 Introduction 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4h.2 Australia 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4h.3 New Zealand 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4h.4 Pacific Islands 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4h.5 Conclusion 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Diabetic Neuropathy \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e89\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDinesh Selvarajah, Gordon Sloan, and Solomon Tesfaye\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Epidemiology 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Classification 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Symmetrical Neuropathies 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Asymmetrical Neuropathies 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Pathogenesis of Distal Symmetrical Neuropathy 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Management of Diabetic Neuropathy 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 The Pathway to Ulceration: Aetiopathogenesis and Screening \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e105\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndrew J.M. Boulton\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Diabetic Neuropathy 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Neuropathy: The Major Contributory Factor in Ulceration 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Other Risk Factors for Foot Ulceration 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Assessment of Foot Ulcer Risk 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 The Pathway to Ulceration 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Mechanical Factors and Neuropathic Foot Ulceration 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 The Patient with Sensory Loss 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Biomechanics of the Diabetic Foot for the Uninitiated \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e125\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eS.A. Bus and J.S. Ulbrecht\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 The Concept of Pressure and its Measurement 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 The Role of Elevated Plantar Pressure in Foot Ulceration 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Mechanisms of Elevated Plantar Pressure 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Foot Biomechanics in Treating a Plantar Foot Ulcer 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Biomechanical Issues in Preventing a Foot Ulcer 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Summary 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Psychological and Behavioural Aspects of Diabetic Foot Ulceration \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e139\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLoretta Vileikyte and Ryan T. Crews\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 The Role of Psychological and Behavioural Factors in DFU Development 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 The Role of Psychological and Behavioural Factors in DFU Healing 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 The Impact of DFUs on Patients’ Health Status and QoL 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Measuring QoL in DFU Patients: Generic, DFU-Specific or Combined Approach? 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 What Role for the Plain Radiograph of the Diabetic Foot? \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e153\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRichard William Whitehouse\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Pathologies 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Summary 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Advanced Cross-Sectional Radiology-Ultrasound, Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Diabetic Foot \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e169\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAparna Komarraju and Avneesh Chhabra\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Pathophysiology of Diabetic Foot Disease 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Gait and Exercise Training in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e187\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNeil D. Reeves\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Gait Characteristics of People with Diabetes 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Muscle Forces and the Biomechanics of Gait in Diabetes 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Biomechanical Strategies to Alter Gait in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Falls and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Biomechanical Factors Leading to Increased Fall Risk 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and Balance during Gait 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Exercise and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9 Effects of Exercise in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy on Gait and Balance 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.10 The Case for Resistance Exercise Training 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Smart Technology for the Diabetic Foot in Remission \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e201\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eBijan Najafi and David G. Armstrong\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Background 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Technologies to Guide the Prescription of Footwear-Related Offloading Treatments 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Technologies to Facilitate Triaging those at High Risk of DFU 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Technologies to Manage Dose of Physical Activities in People with Diabetes and Insensate Foot 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Using Technology to Improve Patient Education for Effective Prevention of Diabetic Foot Ulcers 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Mobile Health (mHealth) to Manage Diabetic Foot Ulcers 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Internet of Things and Remote Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Technologies to Facilitate Delivering of Therapy at Home and Reduce Risk of DFU 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Conclusion 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 How to Assess the Quality of Clinical Trials for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Therapies \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e225\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFran Game and William Jeffcoate\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Hierarchy of Evidence 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Items to Be Considered in Assessing Trials of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Therapies 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 The Population 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 The Person and Limb 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 The Ulcer 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 The Therapy 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Outcomes 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Adverse Events 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.10 21 Point Checklist 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14a Bypass in Diabetic Peripheral Artery Disease \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e235\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNeal R. Barshes and Joseph L. Mills\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14a.1 Identifying Significant PAD Amongst Patients Presenting with Foot Ulcers 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14a.2 Relative Benefits and Risks: Identifying Patients Who May Benefit from a Leg Bypass Operation 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14a.3 Evaluating Relevant Vascular Anatomy for Planning a Bypass Operation 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14a.4 The Operation and Early In-Hospital Recovery 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14a.5 Follow-Up After a Leg Bypass Operation 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14b Surgery or Endovascular Intervention in Diabetic Peripheral Vascular Disease \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e247\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eEdward Y. Woo and Misaki M. Kiguchi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14b.1 Introduction 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14b.2 Background 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14b.3 Diagnosis 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14b.4 Management 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14b.5 Endovascular Revascularization 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14b.6 Results 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14b.7 Complications 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14b.8 Conclusion 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Inpatient Diabetic Foot Care: A UK Perspective \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e259\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGerry Rayman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 The Burden of Inpatient Diabetes 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 The Burden of Inpatient Diabetic Foot Disease 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Recommended Foot Care for Inpatients with Diabetes 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Summary 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Diagnosis and Management of Infection in the Diabetic Foot \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e265\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eEdgar J.G. Peters and Benjamin A. Lipsky\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Pathophysiology of Infections in Persons with Diabetes Mellitus 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Risk Factors for DFI 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Clinical Signs and Symptoms 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Classification 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Microbiology 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Treatment 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.8 IWGDF Grade 4 (Severe) Infections 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9 Osteomyelitis 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Surgical Approach to Diabetic Foot Infections \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e287\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKatherine M. Raspovic, Javier La Fontaine, and Lawrence Lavery\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Initial Evaluation 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Initial Surgical Intervention 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 After Initial Surgical Intervention 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Staged Surgical Intervention and Wound Closure 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Surgical Offloading 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Soft Tissue\/Tendon Balancing and Definitive Osseous Surgical Reconstruction 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 Decision for Proximal Level Amputation 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.9 Conclusions 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 The Evidence Base for the Choice of Dressings in the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e301\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eWilliam J. Jeffcoate, Patricia E. Price, and Frances L. Game\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 The Problems 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Quality of Evidence 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 The Definition of a Dressing 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 The Roles of the Dressing 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Basic Aspects of Wound Care 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Evidence for Potential Contributions of Dressings and Wound Applications to Improve Wound Healing 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7 Other Therapies which May Modulate Healing of Chronic Wounds 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.8 Summary 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Pathogenesis of Charcot Neuroarthropathy and Acute Management \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e311\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eN.L. Petrova and Michael E. Edmonds\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Pathogenesis of CN 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Acute Management of CN 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Conclusions 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Surgical Reconstruction of the Charcot Foot \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e323\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGeorge Liu, Katherine Raspovic, and Dane Wukich\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Indications for Surgical Reconstruction 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Radiographic Predictors for Ulceration 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Timing of Surgery 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Preoperative Medical Workup 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Glycemic Control 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 Vitamin D 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8 Renal Function 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.9 Procedures\/Outcome Studies 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.10 Outcomes of Charcot Reconstruction 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.11 Summary of Evidence Based Recommendations 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Amputation in the Diabetic Foot \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e345\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichael S. Pinzur and Adam P. Schiff\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Impediments to Rehabilitation in the Diabetic Amputee 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 The Lower Extremity as an Organ of Weight Bearing 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Metabolic Cost of Walking with an Amputation 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Limb Salvage vs. Amputation 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Amputation Level Selection 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7 The Terminal Organ of Weight Bearing 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.8 The Soft Tissue Envelope 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.9 Tissue Management 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.10 Outcomes Following Amputation 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.11 Surgical Amputation Levels 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.12 Lesser Toe Amputation 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.13 Ray Resection 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.14 Midfoot Amputation 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.15 Hindfoot Amputation 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.16 Symes’s Ankle Disarticulation Amputation 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.17 Transtibial Amputation 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.18 Knee Disarticulation Amputation 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.19 Transfemoral Amputation 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.20 Conclusions 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Rehabilitation of the Amputee \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e363\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKaren Kowalske and Merrine Klakeel\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Lower Limb Amputation and Prosthetics 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Foot Amputations 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Foot Orthotics 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Transtibial Amputations 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Ankle\/Foot Components 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6 Conclusion 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Surgery for the Diabetic Foot: Prophylactic and Osteomyelitis Surgery – Is there an Evidence Base? \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e375\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJavier Aragón-Sánchez\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 The Role of Surgery Preventing Occurrence and Recurrence of Foot Ulcers 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Preoperative Care 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Hallux and First Metatarsal Head Procedures 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Lesser Toes 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Lesser Metatarsal Heads 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.6 Tendon Achilles Lengthening 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.7 Curative Surgery for Treating Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.8 Surgery of Forefoot Osteomyelitis 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.9 Surgery of Midfoot Osteomyelitis 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.10 Surgery of Rear Foot Osteomyelitis 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Footwear and Orthoses for People with Diabetes \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e395\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJ.S. Ulbrecht and S.A. Bus\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Introduction 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 What is a Therapeutic Shoe for a Person Living with Diabetes? 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Who Needs Therapeutic Shoes? 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Choosing the Appropriate Footwear for the Patient with LOPS 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Summary and Future Trends 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 The Diabetic Foot in Remission \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e409\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTanzim Khan, Sicco A. Bus, Andrew J.M. Boulton, and David G. Armstrong\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1 The Diabetic Foot in Remission 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2 Maintaining Remission 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3 Conclusion 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 Setting up a Diabetic Foot Clinic \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e417\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichael E. Edmonds and N.L. Petrova\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1 Natural History of the Diabetic Foot 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.2 Principles of Care of the Diabetic Foot 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3 Space for the Diabetic Foot Clinic 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.4 Personnel for the Diabetic Foot Clinic 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.5 Organisation of the Diabetic Foot Clinic 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.6 Conclusion 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e27 National Audit of Diabetic Foot Care: Continuing Audit is Essential for the Delivery of Optimal Care of Diabetic Foot Ulcers \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e429\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eWilliam Jeffcoate, Gerry Rayman, and Bob Young\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.1 Why Should We Document the Outcome of Routine Care? 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2 General Principles of Clinical Audit 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3 National Diabetes Foot Care Audit of England and Wales 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28 Regenerative Medicine and the Diabetic Foot \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e439\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eZachary A. Stern-Buchbinder, Babak Hajhosseini, and Geoffrey C. Gurtner\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.1 Introduction 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.2 Stem Cells 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3 Diabetes and Healing Impairment 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.4 Diabetes and Vascular Dysfunction 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.5 Functional Heterogeneity of Stem Cells 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.6 Advances in Regenerative Therapy 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.7 Conclusion 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e29 Role of the Plastic Surgeon in Diabetic Foot Care \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e457\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJoon Pio (Jp) Hong and Hyunsuk Peter Suh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.1 Introduction 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.2 Multidisciplinary Approach and the Spectrum of Care 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.3 Reconstruction Algorithm 459\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.4 Debridement (this is Covered in Detail in another Chapter) 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.5 Evaluating and Enhancing the Vascular Status 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.6 Skin Grafts and Substitutes 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.7 Local Flaps 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.8 Free Flaps 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.9 Amputation 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.10 Conclusion 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30a Algorithms for Diabetic Foot Care: Management of the Hot Swollen Foot \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e473\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichael E. Edmonds, Chris Manu, and Nina Petrova\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30b Approach to a New Diabetic Foot Ulceration \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e481\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePrashanth R.J. Vas and Michael E. Edmonds\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30b.1 Introduction 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30b.2 Clinical Care for the Management of DFU 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30b.3 Management of DFU 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30b.4 Structural Care Process in DFU Management 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30c Algorithms for Diabetic Foot Care: Vascular Evaluation \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e495\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eG. Dovell and R.J. Hinchliffe\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30c.1 Introduction 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30c.2 Methods of Vascular Evaluation – Detecting Peripheral Artery Disease 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30c.3 Vascular Imaging 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30c.4 Conclusions 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30d Algorithms for Diagnosis and Management of Infection in the Diabetic Foot \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e507\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eEdgar J.G. Peters and Benjamin A. Lipsky\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30d.1 Diagnosis of Infection 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30d.2 Therapy of Infection 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 515\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProfessor Andrew J. M. Boulton,\u003c\/b\u003e Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Consultant Physician, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK; Visiting Professor, Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProfessor Gerry Rayman,\u003c\/b\u003e The Diabetes Centre, Ipswich Hospital, Ipswich, UK; University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; University of Suffolk, Ipswich, UK. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDr. Dane K. Wukich,\u003c\/b\u003e Professor and Chair, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA comprehensive resource that addresses all the issues concerning the diabetic foot\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe revised fifth edition of \u003ci\u003eThe Foot in Diabetes\u003c\/i\u003e offers an important guide to one of the most prevalent problems in diabetes, with a strong emphasis on practical aspects of delivering care. It contains information on the most recent development in the field of diabetic foot care and its scientific basis. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis classic resource continues to reflect the strengths of earlier editions. The contributors – noted international panel of experts on the topic – stress the practical applications and management of treating the diabetic foot.??All the chapters have been fully revised and updated, with new chapters introduced that cover: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eglobal review of diabetic foot problems\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003enew imagining techniques\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003esmart technology\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ethe use of regenerative medicine\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eproviding algorithms for diabetic foot care\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eWritten for all members of the diabetes specialist team including diabetologists, podiatrists, specialist nurses, general practitioners, surgeons and clinical researchers, \u003ci\u003eThe Foot in Diabetes, Fifth Edition\u003c\/i\u003e is the essential resource need to keep abreast of the most recent developments in the field.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47990230450405,"sku":"NP9781119445814","price":161.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781119445814.jpg?v=1761786998","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/the-foot-in-diabetes-isbn-9781119445814","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}