{"product_id":"the-atlas-of-reality-isbn-9781119116264","title":"The Atlas of Reality","description":"\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Atlas of\u003c\/i\u003e R\u003csmall\u003eEALITY\u003c\/small\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Atlas of Reality: A Comprehensive Guide to Metaphysics\u003c\/i\u003e presents an extensive examination of the key concepts, principles, and arguments of metaphysics, traditionally the very core of philosophical thought. Representing the first exhaustive survey of metaphysics available, the book draws from historic sources while presenting the latest cutting-edge research in the field. Seminal works of philosophers such as David Lewis, Alvin Plantinga, Kit Fine, Peter van Inwagen, John Hawthorne and many others are covered in depth, without neglecting the critical contributions of historical figures like René Descartes, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Bertrand Russell, and more. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWritten in an accessible manner without sacrificing rigor, readers at all levels will gain illuminating insights into metaphysical topics ranging from the problem of universals, individuation and composition, and relations and qualities, to time, space, causation, existence, modality, and idealism. The authors also articulate the emergence of several coherent metaphysical theses, including neo-Aristotelian, neo-Humean, and more recent alternatives put forth by W. V. O. Quine and David M. Armstrong. Competing views are clearly and fairly represented, and key axioms and methodological assumptions are flagged and cross-referenced, providing scholars with an invaluable tool for future research in metaphysics. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eUnprecedented in breadth of topic coverage and depth of analyses, \u003ci\u003eThe Atlas of Reality\u003c\/i\u003e is an essential resource for those seeking a thorough understanding of one of the most compelling, influential, and enlightening sub-fields of philosophy in today’s world. Acknowledgements xvii \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart I Foundations\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 A Brief History of Metaphysics 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Why Do Metaphysics? 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 How to Use the Book 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Truthmakers 13\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Five Arguments for Classical Truthmaker Theory 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 The Challenge of Deflationism 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Truthmaker Maximalism 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Alternatives to Truthmaker Maximalism 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Conclusion and Preview 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Grounding, Ontological Dependence, and Fundamentality 47\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Is Grounding Real? 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Relation between Grounding and Truthmaking 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Relation between Grounding and Ontological Dependence 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Conceptual vs. Extra-Conceptual Grounding 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Alternatives to Grounding? 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Can Grounding Relations be Grounded? 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Connections between Grounding and Entailment 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 How is Grounding Different from Causal Explanation? 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Conclusion: Grounding and Ontological Economy 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart II Dispositions\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Conditionals 77\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Counterfactual Conditionals: Semantics, Logic, and Metaphysics 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Hypotheticalism 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Anti-Hypotheticalism and Laws of Nature 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Strong Hypotheticalism: Counterfactual Accounts of Powers and Dispositions 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Laws of Nature 94\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Strong Nomism: The Dretske-Armstrong-Tooley (DAT) Theory of Laws 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Neo-Humeism: Reduction of Conditionals, Laws, and Powers 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Powers and Properties 106\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Advantages of Strong Powerism 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 The Individuation of Properties 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Objections to Strong Powerism 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Conclusion 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart III Universals and Particulars\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Universals 125\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 What properties must explain 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Realism 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Universals and the Problem of Intentionality 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Properties as the Ground of Causal Powers 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Reductive Nominalism and Trope Theory 147\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Reductive Nominalism 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Trope Theory 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Conclusion 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Particulars and the Problem of Individuation 171\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Facts 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Substances 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Relations, Structures, and Quantities 201\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Accounts of Relational Facts 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Non-Symmetrical Relations and the Problem of Order 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Structural Universals and Constituent Ontology 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Determinables, Quantities, and Real Numbers 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Conclusion and Preview 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart IV The Nature of Reality\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Nihilism and Monism 229\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Nihilism and Aliquidism 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Monism 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNote 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 The Non-Existent and the Vaguely Existing 253\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Does Everything Exist? 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Ontic Vagueness 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Conclusion 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Solipsism, Idealism, and the Problem of Perception 281\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Defining the Mental and the External 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Solipsism and Phenomenalism 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Theories of Perception 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Arguments against Phenomenalism 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Arguments against Solipsism 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Conclusion and Preview 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart V Modality\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Possibility, Necessity, and Actuality: Concretism 317\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Concretism:Worlds as Universes 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Problems for Concretism 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Conclusion 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNote 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Abstractionism:Worlds as Representations 332\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Magical Abstractionism 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Structural Abstractionism 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Aristotelian Theories of Possibility 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Conclusion 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNote 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 De Re Modality and Modal Knowledge 352\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Modality De Re: Transworld Identity and Counterpart Theory 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Modality and Epistemology: Possibility and Conceivability 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Conclusion 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart VI Space and Time\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Is Space Merely Relational? 373\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 The Nature of Location 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Spatial Substantivalism 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Spatial Relationism 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Absences and Vacuums 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Conclusion 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Structure of Space: Points vs. Regions 390\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Constructing Points from Regions 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Points vs. Regions 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Arguments against Points as Fundamental 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Voluminism vs. Volume-Boundary Dualism 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Conclusion 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNote 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 The Structure of Time 415\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Is Time Composed of Instants or Intervals? 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Instants as Dependent Entities 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Does Time have a Beginning? 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Conclusion 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Time’s Passage 430\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Tensers and Anti-Tensers 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Varieties of Anti-Tensism 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Varieties of Tensism 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Presentism 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Arguments for Tensism 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Conclusion 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNote 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Arguments for Anti-Tensism 458\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 How Fast Does Time Flow? 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Truthmakers for Truths about the Past 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 The Theory of Relativity 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Epistemological Problems for Tensism 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 McTaggart’s Paradox 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Brute Necessities of Time 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7 Conclusion 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart VII Unity\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Material Composition: The Special Question 481\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 The Existence of Composite Things 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Are Composite Things an “Ontological Free Lunch”? 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Redundancy 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Fundamental Heaps 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Fundamental Artifacts 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6 Living Organisms vs. Mereological Nihilism 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.7 Finding an Intelligible Principle of Composition 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Composition: The General Question 514\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Formal Mereology: Le´sniewski, Goodman, and Leonard 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Three (or Four) Answers to the General Composition Question 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Accounting for the Correct Principles of Mereology 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Parthood and Truthmaking 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Change and Persistence 531\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Does Anything Change? Does Anything Persist? 532\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 How Objects Change Properties: Substratism vs. Replacementism 537\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 The Metaphysics of Motion 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 554\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 The Persistence of Composite Things 555\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1 Mereological Constancy and Inconstancy 556\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2 Coincident Things 564\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3 Conclusion 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNote 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart VIII Causation\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 The Existence and Scope of Causation 577\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1 Are there Causes? 577\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.2 The Scope of Causation 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNote 589\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e27 Causation: A Relation between Things or Truths? 591\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.1 Causal Explanationism 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2 Causal Connectionism 605\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 611\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28 Discrete and Continuous Causation 613\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.1 Is All Causation Discrete? 614\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.2 The Nature of Discrete Causation 614\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3 Is All Causation Continuous? 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.4 The Nature of Continuous Processes 618\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.5 Processes and the Direction of Continuous Causation 621\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.6 Are Processes an Exception to Hume’s Epistemic Principle? 622\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.7 Conclusion: The Consequences of Causation 623\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes 623\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e29 Conclusion: The Four Packages 624\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix B 651\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 655\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 671\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eROBERT C. KOONS\u003c\/b\u003e is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin. He is the author of \u003ci\u003eParadoxes of Belief and Strategic Rationality\u003c\/i\u003e (1993) and \u003ci\u003eRealism Regained\u003c\/i\u003e (2000), co-author of \u003ci\u003eMetaphysics: The Fundamentals\u003c\/i\u003e (with Tim Pickavance, 2014), and co-editor of \u003ci\u003eThe Waning of Materialism\u003c\/i\u003e (with George Bealer, 2010).\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTIMOTHY PICKAVANCE\u003c\/b\u003e is an Associate Professor and Chair of the Talbot Department of Philosophy at Biola University. He is co-author of \u003ci\u003eMetaphysics: The Fundamentals\u003c\/i\u003e (with Robert Koons, 2014).\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Atlas of Reality: A Comprehensive Guide to Metaphysics\u003c\/i\u003e presents an extensive examination of the key concepts, principles, and arguments of metaphysics, traditionally the very core of philosophical thought. Representing the first exhaustive survey of metaphysics available, the book draws from historic sources while presenting the latest cutting-edge research in the field. Seminal works of philosophers such as David Lewis, Alvin Plantinga, Kit Fine, Peter van Inwagen, John Hawthorne and many others are covered in depth, without neglecting the critical contributions of historical figures like René Descartes, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Bertrand Russell, and more. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWritten in an accessible manner without sacrificing rigor, readers at all levels will gain illuminating insights into metaphysical topics ranging from the problem of universals, individuation and composition, and relations and qualities, to time, space, causation, existence, modality, and idealism. The authors also articulate the emergence of several coherent metaphysical theses, including neo-Aristotelian, neo-Humean, and more recent alternatives put forth by W. V. O. Quine and David M. Armstrong. Competing views are clearly and fairly represented, and key axioms and methodological assumptions are flagged and cross-referenced, providing scholars with an invaluable tool for future research in metaphysics. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eUnprecedented in breadth of topic coverage and depth of analyses, \u003ci\u003eThe Atlas of Reality\u003c\/i\u003e is an essential resource for those seeking a thorough understanding of one of the most compelling, influential, and enlightening sub-fields of philosophy in today’s world.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47990163964133,"sku":"NP9781119116264","price":54.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781119116264.jpg?v=1761786748","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/the-atlas-of-reality-isbn-9781119116264","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}