Scaleup of Chemical Processes

Mixing in Continuous Flow Systems E. B. Nanman and B. A. Buffham This groundbreaking introductory study lets engineers and research scientists design and analyze complex flow and reaction systems, even with limited data. Specifically dealing with mixing effects important to the design of chemical reactors, it uses systems models typical of any large chemical plant or oil refinery to examine temporal mixing, or the mixing among particles or any conserved entities that have remained in the system for different lengths of time. In addition, it views mixing from a spatial perspective, treating it as a process that brings system components into closer physical proximity. Plus it reports the first steps toward unification of the temporal and spatial viewpoints of mixing. 1983 (0 471-86191-X) 271 pp. Structural Analysis and Design of Process Equipment Maan H. Jawad and James R. Farr Here is the most practical, up-to-date source available for information on the analysis and design of process equipment. It provides practicing engineers with clear guidance to the latest ASME Boiler and Vessel Code and offers advanced engineering students a concise introduction to the basic equations and rules used in the design of process vessels and components. Topics covered include a general introduction to the tools of the trade.an outline of the basic theory of plates and shells.a detailed analysis and design of components, defining procedures for designing vessel supports and illustrating the evaluation of stress due to wind and earthquake loads.and the design and analysis of specialized equipment, including tubesheet design in heat transfer equipment. 1984 (0 471-09207-X) 704 pp. Gas Treating with Chemical Solvents G. Astarita, D. W. Savage, and A. Bisio This rigorous blend of theory and practice provides a rational analysis of gas treating processes in which liquids are used to absorb acid gases from gaseous streams. It emphasizes those aspects unique to the use of chemically reactive solvents--liquids containing components that react chemically with the acid gases after they dissolve in the liquid phase And it also treats those aspects common to purely physical acid gas absorption processes. An ideal text for graduate students with a working knowledge of physical chemistry, classical gas absorption and mass transfer processes, it constitutes an exhaustive treatment of four important areas: industrial gas treating, theory, applications, and industrial problems. 1983 (0 471-05768-1) 493 pp. 1. Introduction to Scaleup

A. Bisio

2. Mathematical Modeling

D. M. Himmelblau

3. Reaction Kinetics

R. L. Kabel

4. Homogeneous Reaction Systems

R. L. Kabel

5. Reactors for Fluid-Phase Processes Catalyzed by Solids

G. F. Froment

6. Fluid-Fluid Reactors

Y. T. Shah and W.-D. Deckwer

7. Selection of Reactor Types

R. L. Kabel

8. Flow Patterns and Residence Time Distributions

E. B. Nauman

9. Mixing Processes

J. Y. Oldshue

10. Fluidized Beds

J. M. Matsen

11. Laminar Flow Processes

E. B. Nauman

12. Stagewise Mass Transfer Processes

J. R. Fair

13. Continuous Mass Transfer Processes

J. R. Fair

14. Solid-Liquid Separation Processes

L. Svarovsky

15. The Environmental Challenges of Scaleup

P. B. Lederman

16. Evaluating Materials of Construction in Pilot Plant CorrosionTests

P. E. Krystow

17. Gaining Experience Through Pilot Plants and DemonstrationUnits

F. G. Aerstin, L. A. Robbins, and A. J. Vogel

18. Scaleup: Overview, Closing Remarks, and Cautions

G. Astarita

Index About the editors Attilio Bisio is currently Engineering Advisor at Corporate Research, Exxon Research and Engineering Company, Clinton, New Jersey. With over thirty years' experience in the field of chemical manufacturing, Mr. Bisio has held positions as research investigator, research engineer, instructor, project advisor, technical superintendent, director of engineering, and senior engineering associate for a variety of prestigious firms worldwide. He holds an MS in chemical engineering from Columbia University, did graduate study in economics at the New York University Graduate School of Business, and attended the Executive Development Program at the Cornell University Graduate School of Business Administration. Robert L. Kabel is professor of chemical engineering at The Pennsylvania State University, where he has taught since 1963. Formerly a bioastronautics program officer for the U.S. Air Force Space Systems Divisions in Los Angeles, California, Dr. Kabel has worked as a chemical engineer for the Corporate Research Feasibility Unit, Exxon Research and Engineering Company, and has held the positions of process development engineer, pipeline research engineer, and design engineer on a variety of projects. He was the recipient of the CMA National Catalyst Award for Excellence in Chemical Teaching in 1984, and received his PhD in chemical engineering from the University of Washington. Here is the first comprehensive work in 25 years to lay out the technical problems involved in the "scaleup" that transforms an idea conceived in the lab into a full-scale chemical plant. From reaction engineering and filtration techniques to modeling and pilot plants, Scaleup of Chemical Processes shows how a lab discovery becomes a commercially viable product, and presents ways to expand existing processes, develop new ones, and save time and money getting a plant to commercialization. Scaleup of Chemical Processes features the work of 17 renowned chemical engineers—experts in research, process development, manufacturing, and scaleup, from both industry and academia—who focus on the specific problems endemic to commercialization. They provide detailed scaleup steps for a variety of chemical applications, while revealing the fallacies of geometrical scaleup and presenting a more realistic time frame for modern scaleups. Each chapter of Scaleup of Chemical Processes moves from theory to practice in its coverage of major issues such as scaleup ratio and the heresies of scaleup, fundamentals, performance prediction methods, rules of thumb, and the uncertainties of commercialization. Topics include:

• mathematical modeling
• reactors for fluid-phase processes catalyzed by solids
• fluid-fluid reactors
• selection of reactor types
• reaction kinetics
• homogeneous reaction systems
• mixing and separations, including solid-liquid and liquid-liquid processes
• the environmental challenges of scaleup
• continuous mass transfer processes
• stagewise mass transfer processes
• flow patterns and residence time distributions
• fluidized beds
• laminar flow processes
• pilot plants and evaluating construction materials in pilot plant corrosion tests

Extensively illustrated with graphs and containing an extensive bibliography of related readings, Scaleup of Chemical Processes is an essential reference for chemical and mechanical engineers, chemists, and anyone involved in the transformation of ideas into solid, marketable goods. Mixing in Continuous Flow Systems E. B. Nanman and B. A. Buffham This groundbreaking introductory study lets engineers and research scientists design and analyze complex flow and reaction systems, even with limited data. Specifically dealing with mixing effects important to the design of chemical reactors, it uses systems models typical of any large chemical plant or oil refinery to examine temporal mixing, or the mixing among particles or any conserved entities that have remained in the system for different lengths of time. In addition, it views mixing from a spatial perspective, treating it as a process that brings system components into closer physical proximity. Plus it reports the first steps toward unification of the temporal and spatial viewpoints of mixing. 1983 (0 471-86191-X) 271 pp. Structural Analysis and Design of Process Equipment Maan H. Jawad and James R. Farr Here is the most practical, up-to-date source available for information on the analysis and design of process equipment. It provides practicing engineers with clear guidance to the latest ASME Boiler and Vessel Code and offers advanced engineering students a concise introduction to the basic equations and rules used in the design of process vessels and components. Topics covered include a general introduction to the tools of the trade…an outline of the basic theory of plates and shells…a detailed analysis and design of components, defining procedures for designing vessel supports and illustrating the evaluation of stress due to wind and earthquake loads…and the design and analysis of specialized equipment, including tubesheet design in heat transfer equipment. 1984 (0 471-09207-X) 704 pp. Gas Treating with Chemical Solvents G. Astarita, D. W. Savage, and A. Bisio This rigorous blend of theory and practice provides a rational analysis of gas treating processes in which liquids are used to absorb acid gases from gaseous streams. It emphasizes those aspects unique to the use of chemically reactive solvents—liquids containing components that react chemically with the acid gases after they dissolve in the liquid phase And it also treats those aspects common to purely physical acid gas absorption processes. An ideal text for graduate students with a working knowledge of physical chemistry, classical gas absorption and mass transfer processes, it constitutes an exhaustive treatment of four important areas: industrial gas treating, theory, applications, and industrial problems. 1983 (0 471-05768-1) 493 pp.