{"product_id":"planning-and-urban-design-standards-isbn-9780471475811","title":"Planning and Urban Design Standards","description":"From the publishers of Architectural Graphic Standards, this book, created under the auspices of The American Planning Association, is the most comprehensive reference book on urban planning, design, and development available today. Contributions from more than two hundred renowned professionals provide rules of thumb and best practices for mitigating such environmental impacts as noise, traffic, aesthetics, preservation of green space and wildlife, water quality, and more. You get in-depth information on the tools and techniques used to achieve planning and design outcomes, including economic analysis, mapping, visualization, legal foundations, and real estate developments. Thousands of illustrations, examples of custom work by today?s leading planners, and insider information make this work the new standard in the field. Order your copy today. \u003cp\u003ePublisher’s Note ix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForeword x\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUser Guide xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 1 Plans and Plan Making 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePlan Making 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlan Making 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTypes of Plans 6\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComprehensive Plans 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Design Plans 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegional Plans 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeighborhood Plans 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDowntown Plans 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorridor Plans 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRedevelopment Area Plans 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransportation Plans 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHousing Plans 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEconomic Development Plans 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunity Facilities Plans 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParks and Open-Space Plans 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCritical and Sensitive Areas Plans 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHazard Mitigation Plans 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eParticipation 46\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of Participation 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStakeholder Identification 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurveys 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAsset Mapping 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunity Visioning 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCharrettes 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic Meetings 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic Hearings 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComputer-Based Public Participation 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFacilitation 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsensus Building and Dispute Resolution 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePlanning Movements 68\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Landscape Tradition 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEngineering Livable Cities 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGarden Cities 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCity Beautiful 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractical Planning 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegionalism, 1910 to 1940 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePublic Housing and Urban Renewal 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasuring and Modeling 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdvocacy and Equity Planning 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Growth and Environmental Concerns 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatewide Land-Use Planning Programs 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRedesigning Downtown 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRenewed Neighborhoods, New Towns, and New Urbanism 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew Regionalism: Environment, Politics, and Planning 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental Justice 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSustainability 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHealthy Cities and Communities 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 2 Environmental Management 97\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEnvironmental Management Overview 99\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental Planning Considerations 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAir 101\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAir Quality 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAir Sheds 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeat Islands 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWater 107\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHydrologic Cycle 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWatersheds 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAquifers 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroundwater Movement and Recharge 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRivers and Streams 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFloodplains and Riparian Corridors 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRiver and Stream Restoration 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypes of Wetlands 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWetlands Delineation 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWetlands Mitigation 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeach and Dune Systems 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstuaries, Flats, and Marshes 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLand 135\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSoils Classification and Mechanics 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSlope, Relief, and Aspect 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHabitat Patches, Corridors, and Matrix 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisturbance Zones 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiodiversity Protection 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInvasive Species 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHazards 148\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlood Hazards 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eErosion and Sedimentation 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHurricanes and Coastal Storms 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLandslides 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSinkholes and Subsidence 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarthquakes 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWildfires 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderground Leaks 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHazardous Materials 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeiches and Tsunamis 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNoise and Vibration 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultihazards 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 3 Structures 183\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBuilding Types 185\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResidential Types 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSingle-Family Detached 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSingle-Family Attached 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultifamily Low-Rise 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultifamily Mid-Rise 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultifamily High-Rise 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eManufactured Housing 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOffice Buildings 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWarehouse and Distribution Facilities 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElementary, Middle, and High Schools 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFire and Rescue Stations 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePolice Stations 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMedical Facilities 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTransportation 219\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSidewalks 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHierarchy of Streets and Roads 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStreet Networks and Street Connectivity 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlleys and Driveways 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVehicle Turning Radii 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraffic Calming 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePedestrian-Friendly Streets 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsiderations for Determining Parking Ratios 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShared Parking 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePassenger Vehicle Dimensions for Parking Design 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVehicle Circulation for Parking Design 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParking Space Dimensions 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParking Lot Design 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn-Street Bikeways 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultiuser Trails 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransit Planning Process 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBus Transit 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBus Rapid Transit 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRail Transit 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntermodal and Multimodal Transit Facilities 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAirport and Land-Use Interface 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAirside 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLandside 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUtilities 300\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWaste Management Overview 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransfer Stations 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLandfills 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncinerators 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWaste Diversion 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHazardous Waste Management 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComposting 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWastewater Overview 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWastewater Collection Systems 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWastewater Treatment 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNatural Wastewater Treatment Systems 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStormwater Overview, Runoff, and Recharge 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStormwater Treatment 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStormwater Drainage and Flood Management 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater Supply 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater Treatment 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater Storage and Distribution 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater Conservation 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWireless Infrastructure Overview 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eColocation of Wireless Equipment 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSignage 359\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSigns Generally 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn-Premise Signs 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLegal Issues in Sign Regulation 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eParks and Open Space 366\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypes of Parks 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreenways and Trails 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConservation Areas 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlaygrounds 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFarming and Forestry 384\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFarms 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeedlots 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForestry 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 4 Places and Placemaking 393\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRegions 395\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegions 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTheories of City Form 399\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Patterns 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Morphology 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLife-Cycle Model of Land-Use Change 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Theories: Concentric Zones, Sector Theory, Multiple Nuclei 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecent Theories: Dispersed City, Edge City, Peripheral City 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePlaces and Districts 409\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeighborhoods 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeighborhood Centers 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysical Structure of Downtowns 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommercial Corridors 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistoric Districts 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWaterfronts 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecialty Retail Districts 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSexually Oriented Businesses 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArts Districts 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConvention Center Districts 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndustrial Parks 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOffice Parks 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMain Streets 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDevelopment Types 447\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMixed-Use Development 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransit-Oriented Development 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConservation Development 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInfill Development 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHOPE VI 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDesign Considerations 460\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental Site Analysis 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Analysis 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScale and Density 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSafety 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWalkability 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLeadership in Energy and Environmental Design—LEED 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy-Efficient Development 484\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen Infrastructure 486\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWayfinding Systems 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStreetscape 491\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 5 Analysis Techniques 501\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProjections and Demand Analysis 503\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePopulation Projections 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEconomic Base and Econometric Projections 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHousing Needs Assessment 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParks, Recreation, and Open-Space Needs Assessment 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eImpact Assessment 514\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental Impact Assessment 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiscal Impact Assessment 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraffic Impact Studies 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransit Impact Studies 524\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTraffic Sheds 526\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMapping 527\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMapping Data Overview 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAerial Photographs and Digital Orthophoto Quadrangles 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eU.S. Geological Survey Topographic Maps 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProperty Maps in Modern Cadastre 535\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCensus Data and Demographic Mapping 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRemote Sensing and Satellite Image Classification 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeographic Information Systems 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVisualization 543\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVisualization Overview 543\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMontage Visualization 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThree-Dimensional Visualization 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVisual Preference Techniques 549\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart 6 Implementation Techniques 553\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLegal Foundations 555\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlanning Law Overview 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProperty Rights, Police Power, Nuisance, and Vested Rights 556\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDue Process and Equal Protection 558\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFreedom of Religion and Expression 560\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEminent Domain,Takings, and Exactions 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClean Air Act 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClean Water Act 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNational Environmental Policy Act 569\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEndangered Species Act 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSafe Drinking Water Act 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResource Conservation and Recovery Act 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurrent Federal Transportation Laws 579\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFederal Housing and Community Development Law 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFederal Disaster Law 584\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Federal Laws 586\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eState Enabling Legislation 589\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eState Environmental Policy Acts 590\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZoning Regulation 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubdivision Regulation 597\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlanned Unit Development 599\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInnovations in Local Zoning Regulations 601\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGrowth Management 604\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdequate Public Facilities and Concurrency Management 604\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Growth Areas 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevelopment Impact Fees 609\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransfer and Purchase of Development Rights 610\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSmart Growth Audits 611\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransportation and Land-Use Connection 613\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePreservation, Conservation, and Reuse 616\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOpen-Space Preservation Techniques 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFarmland Preservation 618\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLand Evaluation and Site Assessment 621\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eViewshed Protection 622\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistoric Structures 627\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMilitary Base Closure and Conversion 631\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBrownfields 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRails to Trails 635\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRevitalization and Economic Development 637\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCapital Improvement Programs 637\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmpowerment Zones and Enterprise Communities 639\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTax Increment Financing 641\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlanned Manufacturing Districts 644\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRedevelopment Agencies 645\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBusiness Improvement Districts 646\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCurrent Planning 648\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevelopment Services 648\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStaff Reports for Development Proposals 650\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSite Plan Review 652\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesign Guidelines 655\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eReal Estate Development 659\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinancing Methods and Techniques 659\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinancial Planning and Analysis: The Pro Forma 662\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevelopment and Approval Process 668\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResources 671\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAPA Divisions and Chapters 694\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Planning Accreditation Board’s Accredited University Planning Programs 695\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLand-Based Classification Standards 702\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGraphic Symbols and Drawing Annotations 710\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNational Planning Award Winners 711\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 713\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cb\u003eThe American Planning Association\u003c\/b\u003e (APA) is a Chicago-based non-profit public-interest and research organization representing 30,000 practicing planners, officials and citizens involved with urban and rural planning issues.\u003cbr\u003e It conducts extensive research on planning topics including a landmark study on Growing Smart, Site Planning Essentials for Central America and The City Parks Forum. \u003cbr\u003e It also publishes \u003ci\u003ePlanning\u003c\/i\u003e, a monthly magazine and \u003ci\u003eZoning News\u003c\/i\u003e, a monthly newsletter on local land-use controls, and the \u003ci\u003eJournal of the American Planning Association\u003c\/i\u003e, a quarterly journal, along with other specialized journals and Planning Advisory Service (PAS) reports.","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989795619045,"sku":"NP9780471475811","price":267.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780471475811.jpg?v=1761785498","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/planning-and-urban-design-standards-isbn-9780471475811","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}