Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry 13th Edition continues Solomons, Fryle, and Snyder’s tradition of excellence in teaching and preparing students for success in both the classroom and beyond. Our lives revolve around organic chemistry, whether we all realize it or not. When we understand organic chemistry, we see how life itself would be impossible without it, how the quality of our lives depends upon it, and how examples of organic chemistry leap out at us from every direction.

The structural aspects of the authors' approach show students what organic chemistry is. Mechanistic aspects of their approach show students how it works. And wherever an opportunity arises, the authors show students what it does in living systems and the physical world around us.

Organic Chemistry helps students experience the excitement of seeing the world through an organic lens, and to develop an understanding of how the unifying and simplifying nature of organic chemistry helps make many things in nature comprehensible.

1 The Basics: Bonding and Molecular Structure 1

2 Families of Carbon Compounds: Functional Groups, Intermolecular Forces, and Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy 54

3 Acids and Bases: An Introduction to Organic Reactions and Their Mechanisms 106

4 Nomenclature and Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes 148

5 Stereochemistry: Chiral Molecules 198

6 Nucleophilic Reactions: Properties and Substitution Reactions of Alkyl Halides 246

7 Alkenes and Alkynes I: Properties and Synthesis. Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides 289

8 Alkenes and Alkynes II: Addition Reactions 345

9 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectrometry: Tools for Structure Determination 400

10 Radical Reactions 454

11 Alcohols and Ethers: Synthesis and Reactions 496

12 Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Oxidation–Reduction and Organometallic Compounds 545

13 Conjugated Unsaturated Systems 584

14 Aromatic Compounds 632

15 Reactions of Aromatic Compounds 675

16 Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group 730

17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives: Nucleophilic Addition– Elimination at the Acyl Carbon 781

18 Reactions at the α Carbon of Carbonyl Compounds: Enols and Enolates 834

19 Condensation and Conjugate Addition Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds: More Chemistry of nolates 873

20 Amines 916

21 Transition Metal Complexes: Promoters of Key Bond-Forming Reactions 966

22 Carbohydrates 994

23 Lipids 1042

24 Amino Acids and Proteins 1078

25 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis 1124

Glossary Gl- 1

Index I- 1