{"product_id":"measurement-in-health-behavior-isbn-9780787970970","title":"Measurement in Health Behavior","description":"\u003ci\u003eMeasurement in Health Behavior\u003c\/i\u003e offers faculty, students, researchers, and public health professionals the information they need to improve their knowledge of instrument development and testing and their understanding of reliability and validity testing discussed in articles and reports. The book also helps improve students’ and professionals’ ability to conduct basic tests for reliability and validity and hones their skills in interpreting the results of data analysis. Based on data collected from the author’s more than ten years of research and program development, \u003ci\u003eMeasurement in Health Behavior\u003c\/i\u003e provides realistic examples from the public health arena to clearly demonstrate the book’s concepts. \u003cp\u003eTables, Figures, and Exhibits xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Author xxv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction to Measurement 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRole of Measurement in Health Education and Health Behavior Research 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBrief History of Psychosocial Measurement 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConceptualization of Measurement 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReasons for Measuring Concepts 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScales of Measurement 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNominal Scale 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrdinal Scale 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterval Scale 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRatio Scale 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLevels of Measurement and Statistics 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMajor Concepts of Measurement: Reliability and Validity 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReliability 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValidity 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Types of Measures 18\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-Report 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterviews 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestionnaires 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJournals and Diaries 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResponse Scales 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScaling Methods 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVisual Analog Scale 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThurstone Scale 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLikert Scale 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGuttman Scale 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSemantic Differential Rating Scale 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndexes 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObservations 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiobehavioral Measures 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectronic Measures 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Measurement Error 36\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinition 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassification of Measurement Error 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRandom Error 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSystematic Error 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasurement Error Factors 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespondent Factors 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResponse Sets 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSocial Desirability 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcquiescence and Nay-Saying 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnd Aversion (Central Tendency) 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePositive Skew 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHalo 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecall 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInstrument Factors 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrategies to Reduce Errors on Self-Report Questionnaires 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrategies to Reduce Errors During Interviews 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSituational Factors 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasurement Rules 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Survey Development 54\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinition 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasic Principles of Survey Construction 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePurpose 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObjectives 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRespondents 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Principles of Item Writing 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Do’s of Item Writing 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Don’ts of Item Writing 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurvey Format 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurvey Administration 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Knowledge Tests 75\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTest Construction 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eState the Purpose of the Test 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eState the Test Objectives 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReview Content 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDevelop a Table of Test Specifications 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDomain-Sampling Model 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypes of Items 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultiple-Choice Items 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTrue\/False Items 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eItem Analysis 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eItem-Objective Congruency 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAverage Congruency Percentage 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifficulty Index 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eItem Discrimination Index 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Theory and Measurement 103\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLinking Measurement to Theory-Based Health Practice and Research 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGibbs’s Model 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTheoretical and Operational Definitions 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConceptualization Issues in Scale Development 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurvey Versus Scale 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSingle-Item Versus Multiple-Item Scales 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcept Selection 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcept Analysis 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentify Definitions and Uses of the Concept 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentify Critical Attributes of the Concept 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentify Dimensions of the Concept 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentify Similar and Different Concepts 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentify Antecedents and Consequences of the Concept 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWrite a Model Case 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eState the Variables 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Item Writing and Scaling 121\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eItem Development Process 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eState the Theoretical Definition 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIdentify Dimensions of the Concept 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCreate a Content-Domain by Concept-Dimension Matrix 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDecide How Many Items to Include for Each Matrix Cell 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWrite Items for Each Content-Domain by Concept-Dimension Cell 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiterature Review 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQualitative Interviews 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Instruments 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWrite Rules for Scale Scoring and Administration 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummated Rating Scales 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTypes of Response Options 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of Response Options 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOdd or Even Number of Categories 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeanings of Response Option Adjectives or Adverbs 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUse of Adjectives, Adverbs, or Numbers, or Combinations Thereof 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePositively and Negatively Worded Items 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScoring 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Review of Statistical Concepts 136\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasic Statistical Concepts 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency Distribution 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasures of Central Tendency 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasures of Dispersion 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSPSS Commands 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecode Negatively Worded Items Using SPSS 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompute Total Scale Scores Using SPSS 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReview of Correlation 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpretation of the Correlation Coefficient 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorrelation Matrix 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCorrelation Issues 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCausality 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSample Size 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup Differences 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRestriction of Range 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariance 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReporting Results of Correlation Analysis 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of Variance 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinition and Use 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSPSS Commands for a One-Way ANOVA 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpreting a One-Way ANOVA 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Fundamentals of Reliability 163\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Test Theory 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eObserved, True, and Error Scores 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAssumptions and Characteristics 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReliability Coefficient 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstimate of Reliability 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculation of Variance Due to the True Score 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculation of the Reliability Index 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Reliability Assessment and Item Analysis 176\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMethods of Reliability Assessment 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEquivalence 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStability 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInternal Consistency 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSplit-Half 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoefficient Alpha 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCronbach’s Alpha 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKuder-Richardson Formula 20 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFactors Associated with Coefficient Alpha 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTest Length and Interitem Correlation 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTest Adjustments to Increase Alpha 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandards of Reliability 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eItem Analysis 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntrarater and Interrater Reliability 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntraclass Correlation Coefficient 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard Error of Measurement 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneralizability Theory 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Validity 211\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTest Content 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProcedures 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContent Validity Index 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFace Validity 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResponse Processes 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProcedures 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThink Aloud 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVerbal Probe 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvaluation 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRelationships to Other Variables 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCriterion Validity 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConstruct Validity 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMultitrait-Multimethod Matrix 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValidity Issues 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Factor Analysis 237\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExploratory Factor Analysis 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinition 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConceptual Basis 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow Factor Analysis Works 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSteps in Factor Analysis 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasic Requirements for FA 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInitial Assessment 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvaluation of the Matrix 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvaluation of the Determinant 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTest for an Identity Matrix 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTests of Sampling Adequacy 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelection of the Type of Factor Analysis 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInitial Extraction 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEigenvalues 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunality 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of Factors 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRotation of Factors 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterpretation of Factors 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConfirmatory Factor Analysis 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Item Response Theory 276\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisadvantages of Classical Test Theory 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eItem Response Theory Basics 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePolytomous Models 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTechnical Issues 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cb\u003eColleen Konicki Di Iorio\u003c\/b\u003e, Ph.D., R.N., F.A.A.N, is a professor in the department of behavioral sciences and health education at Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, and the associate editor of \u003ci\u003eThe Journal of Nursing Measurement\u003c\/i\u003e. She has published numerous journal articles and book chapters on research and measurement methods in public health. Di Iorio is a contributor to the third edition of \u003ci\u003eHealth Education and Health Behavior\u003c\/i\u003e from Jossey-Bass.  Measurement in Health Behavior  \u003cp\u003eMeasurement in Health Behavior is a practical, step-by-step introduction to the wide variety of measurement methods in the field of health behavior research. The text addresses the practical issues related to the development of measures of health behavior and provides information on how to conduct the reliability and validity tests.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeasurement in Health Behavior offers faculty, students, researchers, and public health professionals the information they need to improve their knowledge of instrument development and testing and their understanding of reliability and validity testing discussed in articles and reports. The book also helps improve students' and professionals' ability to conduct basic tests for reliability and validity and hones their skills in interpreting the results of data analysis. Based on data collected from the author's more than ten years of research and program development, Measurement in Health Behavior provides realistic examples from the public health arena to clearly demonstrate the book's concepts.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA comprehensive resource, Measurement in Health Behavior\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003ePresents a brief description of the different types of measures that are used to collect data about health behavior or associated factors\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes strategies for reducing measurement errors\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOffers information about survey development and knowledge test construction\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCovers information about scale development and includes important information related to the analysis of concepts\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePresents basic statistical concepts and puts the focus on reliability\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOffers a presentation of classical test theory and includes the different types of reliability assessment\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes several strategies for assessing validity and presents the basic principles of factor analysis\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eContains an elementary description of item response theory\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Jossey-Bass","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989593014501,"sku":"NP9780787970970","price":70.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780787970970.jpg?v=1761784730","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/measurement-in-health-behavior-isbn-9780787970970","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}