{"product_id":"logical-methods-isbn-9780262544849","title":"Logical Methods","description":"\u003cb\u003eAn accessible introduction to philosophical logic, suitable for undergraduate courses and above.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRigorous yet accessible, \u003ci\u003eLogical Methods\u003c\/i\u003e introduces logical tools used in philosophy—including proofs, models, modal logics, meta-theory, two-dimensional logics, and quantification—for philosophy students at the undergraduate level and above. The approach developed by Greg Restall and Shawn Standefer is distinct from other texts because it presents proof construction on equal footing with model building and emphasizes connections to other areas of philosophy as the tools are developed.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eThroughout, the material draws on a broad range of examples to show readers how to develop and master tools of proofs and models for propositional, modal, and predicate logic; to construct and analyze arguments and to find their structure; to build counterexamples; to understand the broad sweep of formal logic’s development in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries; and to grasp key concepts used again and again in philosophy.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eThis text is essential to philosophy curricula, regardless of specialization, and will also find wide use in mathematics and computer science programs.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cu\u003eFeatures:\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cli\u003eAn      accessible introduction to proof theory for readers with no background in      logic\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eCovers      proofs, models, modal logics, meta-theory, two-dimensional logics,      quantification, and many other topics\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eProvides      tools and techniques of particular interest to philosophers and philosophical      logicians\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eFeatures      short summaries of key concepts and skills at the end of each chapter\u003c\/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eOffers      chapter-by-chapter exercises in two categories: basic, designed to      reinforce important ideas; and challenge, designed to push students’      understanding and developing skills in new directions\u003c\/li\u003eHow to Read This Book xi\u003cbr\u003eI Propositional Logic\u003cbr\u003e1 Introduction 3\u003cbr\u003e2 Connectives: \u003ci\u003eand \u003c\/i\u003e\u0026amp; \u003ci\u003eif \u003c\/i\u003e19\u003cbr\u003e3 More Connectives: \u003ci\u003enot \u003c\/i\u003e\u0026amp; \u003ci\u003eor \u003c\/i\u003e35\u003cbr\u003e4 Facts about Proofs \u0026amp; Provability 49\u003cbr\u003e5 Models \u0026amp; Counterexamples 75\u003cbr\u003e6 Soundness \u0026amp; Completeness 91\u003cbr\u003eII Modal Logic\u003cbr\u003e7 Necessity \u0026amp; Possibility 117\u003cbr\u003e8 Actuality \u0026amp; 2D Logic 153\u003cbr\u003e9 Modal Natural Deduction 167\u003cbr\u003eIII Predicate Logic\u003cbr\u003e10 Proofs for Predicate Logic 189\u003cbr\u003e11 Models for Predicate Logic 217\u003cbr\u003e12 Coda 245\u003cbr\u003eGlossary 255\u003cbr\u003eReferences 261\u003cbr\u003eSymbol Index 267\u003cbr\u003eSubject Index 269“The book can be recommended not only to students and teachers of mathematics and philosophy, but also to a wider circle of readers interested in all aspects of applications of modern symbolic logic in linguistics, computer science, and philosophy and methodology of science. The authors’ style, way of presentation and choice of topics add to the real\u003cbr\u003epleasure of reading this book.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e—\u003ci\u003eMathSciNet\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\"[A]n innovative and rigorous textbook that will challenge both instructors and students. Its novel structure and balanced approach to proof and model theory distinguish it from more conventional introductory logic texts.... offers substantial rewards for those who invest the effort to navigate its complexities.\" \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e—Philosophy in Review\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e“[N]ot your typical textbook in formal logic....As a pedagogical tool, Restall and Standefer’s \u003ci\u003eLogical Methods\u003c\/i\u003e fares well with other, relatively recent, logic textbooks out in the market....an excellent textbook for intermediate logic and other graduate-level logic courses.”\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e—\u003ci\u003eTeaching Philosophy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003eGreg Restall is Shelby Cullom Davis Professor of Philosophy at the University of St Andrews. He is the author of \u003ci\u003eLogic: An Introduction\u003c\/i\u003e and coauthor of \u003ci\u003eLogical Pluralism\u003c\/i\u003e. Shawn Standefer is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at National Taiwan University.","brand":"The MIT Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46304982106341,"sku":"NP9780262544849","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780262544849.jpg?v=1767731662","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/logical-methods-isbn-9780262544849","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}