Kodak's Ergonomic Design for People at Work

Written for those who are on the job but not necessarily professionally trained ergonomists, the principles and approaches detailed in this highly regarded guide have all been implemented in real-world workplace environments and proven successful in reducing the potential for occupational injury, increasing the number of people who can perform a job, and improving employee performance on the job.

More than 150 clear and informative illustrations and tables help convey data and information in eight sections:

• Ergonomics design philosophy
• Human reliability and information transfer
• Evaluation of job demands
• Work design
• Workplace design
• Manual handling in occupational tasks
• Equipment design
• Environment

Preface xxvu

Acknowledgments xxvii

1 Ergonomics Design Philosophy 1

Ergonomics and Human Factors 1

Ergonomics Program Characteristics in Other Companies 5

An Ergonomics Problem-Solving Technique 18

For Whom Do We Design? 27

United States and International Standards Related to Ergonomics 74

2 Evaluation of Job Demands 99

Principles 101

Analysis Methods 121

3 Workplace Design 191

General Workplace Layout and Dimensions 191

Computer Workstations 203

Laboratories 217

Visual Work Dimensions 228

Floors, Ramps, and Stairs 234

Conveyors 247

Adjustable Workstations 249

4 Equipment Design 269

Overall Considerations 270

Maintainability 273

Design of Displays 280

Design of Controls 294

5 Human Reliability and Information Transfer 373

Human Reliability 373

Information Transfer 382

6 Work Design 411

Organizational Factors in Work Design 411

Hours of Work: Shift Work and Overtime 421

Ergonomic Work Design 435

The Design of Repetitive Work 449

The Design of Visual Inspection Tasks 469

Ergonomics in the Construction Industry 485

Work Design in Laboratory and Computer Workplaces 496

7 Manual Handling in Occupational Tasks 511

Background: Manual Handling and Musculoskeletal Injuries and Illnesses 511

Guidelines For the Design of Manual Lifting Tasks 520

The Design of Force Exertion Tasks 552

8 Environment 565

Lighting and Color 565

Noise 578

Thermal Environments 588

Vibration 617

Case Studies 635

Glossary 651

Index 681

"Provides practical, tested and straightforward guidance to those who are not professionally trained ergonomists." (Professional Safety, 3/1/2004) EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, INC., is the global leader in imaging. Between 1911 and 1936, Kodak established a safety committee to evaluate workplace conditions, became a charter member of the National Safety Council, and opened a Medical Department and a Laboratory of Industrial Medicine and Toxicology. In 1960, Kodak formed an Ergonomics Department, which became a global force in ergonomic research, producing the first edition of Ergonomic Design for People at Work (Vol. 1: 1983, Vol. 2: 1986). Kodak is committed to maintaining its position as a leader in health, safety, and environmental performance, while driving continual improvements in operations and products. The up-to-date edition of the classic guidelines to workplace ergonomics

This newly updated, single-volume edition of the most respected and widely used guidelines to ergonomics in the workplace, Kodak’s Ergonomic Design for People at Work, offers a concise and straightforward presentation of information, data, and how-to guidelines for implementing solutions to human factors and ergonomics problems in industries worldwide.

Written for those who are on the job but not necessarily professionally trained ergonomists, the principles and approaches detailed here have all been implemented in real-world workplace environments and proven successful in reducing the potential for occupational injury, increasing the number of people who can perform a job, and improving employee performance on the job.

More than 150 clear and informative illustrations and tables help convey data and information in eight sections:

• Ergonomics design philosophy
• Human reliability and information transfer
• Evaluation of job demands
• Work design
• Workplace design
• Manual handling in occupational tasks
• Equipment design
• Environment

Complete with numerous case studies illustrating applied ergonomics, Kodak’s Ergonomic Design for People at Work, Second Edition is an essential guide for human factors and ergonomics specialists, engineers, and occupational health specialists.