{"product_id":"knowledge-machines-isbn-9780262547857","title":"Knowledge Machines","description":"\u003cb\u003eAn examination of the ways that digital and networked technologies have fundamentally changed research practices in disciplines from astronomy to literary analysis.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn \u003ci\u003eKnowledge Machines\u003c\/i\u003e, Eric Meyer and Ralph Schroeder argue that digital technologies have fundamentally changed research practices in the sciences, social sciences, and humanities. Meyer and Schroeder show that digital tools and data, used collectively and in distributed mode—which they term \u003ci\u003ee-research\u003c\/i\u003e—have transformed not just the consumption of knowledge but also the production of knowledge. Digital technologies for research are reshaping how knowledge advances in disciplines that range from physics to literary analysis.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMeyer and Schroeder map the rise of digital research and offer case studies from many fields, including biomedicine, social science uses of the Web, astronomy, and large-scale textual analysis in the humanities. They consider such topics as the challenges of sharing research data and of big data approaches, disciplinary differences and new forms of interdisciplinary collaboration, the shifting boundaries between researchers and their publics, and the ways that digital tools promote openness in science.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book considers the transformations of research from a number of perspectives, drawing especially on the sociology of science and technology and social informatics. It shows that the use of digital tools and data is not just a technical issue; it affects research practices, collaboration models, publishing choices, and even the kinds of research and research questions scholars choose to pursue. \u003ci\u003eKnowledge Machines\u003c\/i\u003e examines the nature and implications of these transformations for scholarly research.Acknowledgments vii\u003cbr\u003eList of Abbreviations ix\u003cbr\u003eList of Illustrations xi\u003cbr\u003e1 A Digital Research Revolution? 1\u003cbr\u003e2 Conceptualizing e-Research 23\u003cbr\u003e3 The Rise of Digital Research 45\u003cbr\u003e4 Aggregating People and Machines: Collaborative Computation 69\u003cbr\u003e5 Distributed Data 95\u003cbr\u003e6 Digital Research across the Disciplines: The Sciences and Social Sciences 125\u003cbr\u003e7 Digital Research across the Disciplines: Humanities and Access to Knowledge 147\u003cbr\u003e8 Open Science 175\u003cbr\u003e9 Limits of e-Research 187\u003cbr\u003e10 Knowledge Machines 197\u003cbr\u003eNotes 225\u003cbr\u003eReferences 237\u003cbr\u003eIndex 263Eric T. Meyer is Senior Research Fellow and Associate Professor at the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford.\u003cbr\u003eRalph Schroeder is Professor at the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford.","brand":"The MIT Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46299819180261,"sku":"NP9780262547857","price":45.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780262547857.jpg?v=1767730837","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/knowledge-machines-isbn-9780262547857","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}