{"product_id":"introduction-to-solid-state-physics-isbn-9780471415268","title":"Introduction to Solid State Physics","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eIntroduction to Solid State Physics,\u003c\/i\u003e 8th Edition\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSince the publication of the first edition over 50 years ago, Introduction to \u003ci\u003eSolid State Physics\u003c\/i\u003e has been the standard solid state physics text for physics students. The author's goal from the beginning has been to write a book that is accessible to undergraduates and consistently teachable. The emphasis in the book has always been on physics rather than formal mathematics. With each new edition, the author has attempted to add important new developments in the field without sacrificing the book's accessibility and teachability.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eA very important chapter on nanophysics has been written by an active worker in the field. This field is the liveliest addition to solid state science during the past ten years\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe text uses the simplifications made possible by the wide availability of computer technology. Searches using keywords on a search engine (such as Google) easily generate many fresh and useful references\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 1: Crystal Structure 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeriodic Array of Atoms 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLattice Translation Vectors 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasis and the Crystal Structure 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrimitive Lattice Cell 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFundamental Types of Lattices 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTwo-Dimensional Lattice Types 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThree-Dimensional Lattice Types 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex Systems for Crystal Planes 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSimple Crystal Structures 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSodium Chloride Structure 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCesium Chloride Structure 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHexagonal Close-Packed Structure (hcp) 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiamond Structure 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCubic Zinc Sulfide Structure 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDirect Imaging of Atomic Structure 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNonideal Crystal Structures 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRandom Stacking and Polytypism 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrystal Structure Data 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 2: Wave Diffraction and the Reciprocal Lattice 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiffraction of Waves by Crystals 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBragg Law 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScattered Wave Amplitude 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFourier Analysis 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReciprocal Lattice Vectors 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiffraction Conditions 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLaue Equations 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBrillouin Zones 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReciprocal Lattice to sc Lattice 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReciprocal Lattice to bcc Lattice 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReciprocal Lattice to fcc Lattice 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFourier Analysis of the Basis 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStructure Factor of the bcc Lattice 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStructure factor of the fcc Lattice 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAtomic Form Factor 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 3: Crystal Binding and Elastic Constants 47\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrystals of Inert Gases 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVan der Waals—London Interaction 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRepulsive Interaction 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEquilibrium Lattice Constants 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCohesive Energy 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIonic Crystals 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrostatic or Madelung Energy 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEvaluation of the Madelung Constant 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCovalent Crystals 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetals 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHydrogen Bonds 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAtomic Radii 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIonic Crystal Radii 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of Elastic Strains 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDilation 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress Components 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElastic Compliance and Stiffness Constants 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElastic Energy Density 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElastic Stiffness Constants of Cubic Crystals 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBulk Modulus and Compressibility 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElastic Waves in Cubic Crstals 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWaves in the [100] Direction 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWaves in the [110] Direction 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 4: Phonons I. Crystal Vibrations 89\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVibrations of Crystals with Monatomic Basis 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst Brillouin Zone 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup Velocity 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLong Wavelength Limit 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDerivation of Force Constants from Experiment 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTwo Atoms per Primitive Basis 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuantization of Elastic Waves 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhonon Momentum 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInelastic Scattering by Phonons 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 5: Phonons 11. Thermal Properties 105\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhonon Heat Capacity 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlanck Distribution 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNormal Mode Enumeration 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDensity of States in One Dimension 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDensity of States in Three Dimensions 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDebye Model for Density of States 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDebye \u003ci\u003eT\u003c\/i\u003e3Law 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEinstein Model of the Density of States 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Result for \u003ci\u003eD(w) \u003c\/i\u003e117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnharmonic Crystal Interactions 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Expansion 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Resistivity of Phonon Gas 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUmklapp Processes 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImperfecions 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 6: Free Electron Fermi Gas 131\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Levels in One Dimension 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffect of Temperature on the Fermi-Dirac Distribution 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFree Electron Gas in Three Dimensions 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeat Capacity of the Electron Gas 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental Heat Capacity of Metals 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeavy Fermions 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrical Conductivity and Ohm’s Law 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental Electrical Resistivity of Metals 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUmklapp Scattering 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMotion in Magnetic Fields 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHall Effect 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity of Metals 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRatio of Thermal to Electrical Conductivity 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 7: Energy Bands 161\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNearly Free Electron Model 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrigin of the Energy Gap 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMagnitude of the Energy Gap 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBloch Functions 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKronig-Penney Model 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWave Equation of Electron in a Periodic Potential 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRestatement of the Bloch Theorem 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrystal Momentum of an Electron 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolution of the Central Equation 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKronig-Penney Model in Reciprocal Space 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmpty Lattice Approximation 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eApproximate Solution Near a Zone Boundary 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNumber of Orbitals in a Band 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetals and Insulators 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 8: Semiconductor Crystals 185\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand Gap 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEquations of Motion 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysical Derivation of \u003ci\u003e©¤\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cb\u003ek̇\u003c\/b\u003e = \u003cb\u003eF\u003c\/b\u003e 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHoles 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffective Mass 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhysical Interpretation of the Effective Mass 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEffective Masses in Semiconductors 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSilicon and Germanium 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntrinsic Carrier Concentration 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntrinsic Mobility 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpurity Conductivity 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDonor States 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcceptor States 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Ionization of Donors and Acceptors 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermoelectric Effects 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSemimetals 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSuperlattices 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBloch Oscillator 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZener Tunneling 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 9: Fermi Surfaces and Metals 221\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReduced Zone Scheme 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeriodic Zone Scheme 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConstruction of Fermi Surfaces 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNearly Free Electrons 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectron Orbits, Hole Orbits, and Open Orbits 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCalculation of Energy Bands 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTight Binding Method of Energy Bands 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWigner-Seitz Method 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCohesive Energy 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePseudopotential Methods 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental Methods in Fermi Surface Studies 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuantization of Orbits in a Magnetic Field 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDe Haas-van Alphen Effect 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExtremal Orbits 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFermi Surface of Copper 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMagnetic Breakdown 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 10: Superconductivity 257\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental Survey 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOccurrence of Superconductivity 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDestruction of Superconductivity of Magnetic Fields 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeissner Effect 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeat Capacity 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Gap 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMicrowave and Infrared Properties 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIsotope Effect 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTheoretical Survey 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermodynamics of the Superconducting Transition 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLondon Equation 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoherence Length 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBCS Theory of Superconductivity 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBCS Ground State 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFlux Quantization in a Superconducting Ring 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDuration of Persistent Currents 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eType II Superconductors 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVortex State 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEstimation of \u003ci\u003eHc\u003c\/i\u003e1and \u003ci\u003eHc\u003c\/i\u003e2 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSingle Particle Tunneling 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eJosephson Superconductor Tunneling 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDc Josephson Effect 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAc Josephson Effect 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMacroscopic Quantum Interference 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigh-Temperature Superconductors 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 11: Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism 297\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLangevin Diamagnetism Equation 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuantum Theory of Diamagnetism of\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMononuclear Systems 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParamagnetism 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuantum Theory of Paramagnetism 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRare Earth Ions 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHund Rules 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIron Group Ions 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCrystal Field Splitting 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuenching of the Orbital Angular Momentum 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpectroscopic Splitting Factor 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVan Vleck Temperature-Independent Paramagnetism 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCooling by Isentropic Demagnetization 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNuclear Demagnetization 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParamagnetic Susceptibility of Conduction Electrons 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 12: Ferromagnetism and Antiferromagnetism 321\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerromagnetic Order 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurie Point and the Exchange Integral 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTemperature Dependence of the Saturation Magnetization 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaturation Magnetization at Absolute Zero 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMagnons 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuantization of Spin Waves 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Excitation of Magnons 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNeutron Magnetic Scattering 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerrimagnetic Order 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCurie Temperature and Susceptibility of Ferrimagnets 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIron Garnets 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntiferromagnetic Order 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSusceptibility Below the Néel Temperature 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntiferromagnetic Magnons 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerromagnetic Domains 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnisotropy Energy 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransition Region between Domains 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrigin of Domains 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoercivity and Hysteresis 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSingle Domain Particles 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeomagnetism and Biomagnetism 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMagnetic Force Microscopy 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 13: Magnetic Resonance 361\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNuclear Magnetic Resonance 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEquations of Motion 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLine Width 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMotional Narrowing 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHyperfine Splitting 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExamples: Paramagnetic Point Defects 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eF \u003c\/i\u003eCenters in Alkali Halides 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDonor Atoms in Silicon 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKnight Shift 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNuclear Quadrupole Resonance 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerromagnetic Resonance 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShape Effects in FMR 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpin Wave Resonance 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntiferromagnetic Resonance 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectron Paramagnetic Resonance 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExchange Narrowing 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eZero-field Splitting 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrinciple of Maser Action 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThree-Level Maser 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLasers 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 14: Plasmons, Polaritons, and Polarons 393\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDielectric Function of the Electron Gas 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinitions of the Dielectric Function 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlasma Optics 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDispersion Relation for Electromagnetic Waves 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransverse Optical Modes in a Plasma 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransparency of Metals in the Ultraviolet 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLongitudinal Plasma Oscillations 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlasmons 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrostatic Screening 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScreened Coulomb Potential 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePseudopotential Component \u003ci\u003eU\u003c\/i\u003e(0) 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMott Metal-Insulator Transition 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScreening and Phonons in Metals 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePolaritons 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLST Relation 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectron-Electron Interaction 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFermi Liquid 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectron-Electron Collisions 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectron-Phonon Interaction: Polarons 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeierls Instability of Linear Metals 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 15: Optical Processes and Excitons 427\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOptical Reflectance 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKramers-Kronig Relations 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMathematical Note 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExample: Conductivity of collisionless Electron Gas 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectronic Interband Transitions 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExcitons 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrenkel Excitons 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlkali Halides 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMolecular Crystals 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeakly Bound (Mott-Wannier) Excitons 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExciton Condensation into Electron-Hole Drops (EHD) 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRaman Effects in Crystals 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectron Spectroscopy with X-Rays 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Loss of Fast Particles in a Solid 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 16: Dielectrics And Ferroelectrics 453\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaxwell Equations 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePolarization 455\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMacroscopic Electric Field 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDepolarization Field, \u003cb\u003eE\u003c\/b\u003e1 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLocal Electric Field at an Atom 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLorentz Field, \u003cb\u003eE\u003c\/b\u003e2 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eField of Dipoles Inside Cavity, \u003cb\u003eE\u003c\/b\u003e3 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDielectric Constant and Polarizability 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectronic Polarizability 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Theory of Electronic Polarizability 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStructural Phase Transitions 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerroelectric Crystals 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassification of Ferroelectric Crystals 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisplacive Transitions 471\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSoft Optical Phonons 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLandau Theory of the Phase Transition 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSecond-Order Transition 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst-Order Transition 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAntiferroelectricity 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFerroelectric Domains 479\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePiezoelectricity 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 17: Surface and Interface Physics 487\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReconstruction and Relaxation 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurface Crystallography 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurface Electronic Structure 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWork Function 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermionic Emission 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSurface States 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTangential Surface Transport 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMagnetoresistance in a Two-Dimensional Channel 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntegral Quantized Hall Effect (IQHE) 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIQHE in Real Systems 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFractional Quantized Hall Effect (FQHE) 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ep-n \u003c\/i\u003eJunctions 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRectification 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolar Cells and Photovoltaic Detectors 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSchottky Barrier 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeterostructures 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003en-N \u003c\/i\u003eHeterojunction 508\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSemiconductor Lasers 510\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLight-Emitting Diodes 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 18: Nanostructures 515\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImaging Techniques for Nanostructures 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectron Microscopy 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOptical Microscopy 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eScanning Tunneling Microscopy 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAtomic Force Microscopy 526\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectronic Structure of 1D Systems 528\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOne-Dimensional Subbands 528\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpectroscopy of Van Hove Singularities 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1D Metals — Coluomb Interactions and Lattice Copulings 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrical Transport in 1D 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConductance Quantization and the Landauer Formula 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTwo Barriers in Series-resonant Tunneling 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIncoherent Addition and Ohm’s Law 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLocalization 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVoltage Probes and the Buttiker-Landauer\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFormalism 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectronic Structure of 0D Systems 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuantized Energy Levels 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSemiconductor Nanocrystals 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetallic Dots 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiscrete Charge States 549\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrical Transport in 0D 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCoulomb Oscillations 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpin, Mott Insulators, and the Kondo Effect 554\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCooper Pairing in Superconducting Dots 556\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVibrational and Thermal Properties of Nanostructures 557\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuantized Vibrational Modes 557\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransverse Vibrations 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeat Capacity and Thermal Transport 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSummary 562\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 562\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 19: Noncrystalline Solids 565\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiffraction Pattern 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMonatomic Amorphous Materials 568\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRadial Distribution Function 569\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStructure of Vitreous Silica, SiO2 570\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlasses 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eViscosity and the Hopping Rate 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmorphous Ferromagnets 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmorphous Semiconductors 577\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLow Energy Excitations in Amorphous Solids 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHeat Capacity Calculation 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThermal Conductivity 579\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFiber Optics 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRayleigh Attenuation 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 20: Point Defects 583\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLattice Vacancies 585\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiffusion 588\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMetals 591\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eColor Centers 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eF \u003c\/i\u003eCenters 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOther Centers in Alkali Halides 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 595\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 21: Dislocations 597\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eShear Strength of Single Crystals 599\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSlip 600\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDislocations 601\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBurgers Vectors 604\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress Fields of Dislocations 605\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLow-angle Grain Boundaries 607\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDislocation Densities 610\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDislocation Multiplication and Slip 611\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrength of Alloys 613\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDislocations and Crystal Growth 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhiskers 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHardness of Materials 617\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 618\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eChapter 22: Alloys 619\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGeneral Considerations 621\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubstitutional Solid Solutions—Hume-Rothery Rules 624\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrder-Disorder Transformation 627\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElementary Theory of Order 629\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhase Diagrams 632\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEutectics 632\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransition Metal Alloys 634\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrical Conductivity 636\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKondo Effect 637\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 640\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix A: Temperature Dependence of the Reflection Lines 641\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix B: Ewald Calculation of Lattice Sums 644\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEwald-Kornfeld Method for Lattice Sums for Dipole Arrays 647\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix C: Quantization of Elastic Waves: Phonons 648\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhonon Coordinates 649\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCreation and Annihilation Operators 651\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix D: Fermi-Dirac Distribution Function 652\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix E: Derivation of the dk\/d\u003ci\u003et \u003c\/i\u003eEquation 655\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix F: Boltzmann Transport Equation 656\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParticle Diffusion 657\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClassical Distribution 658\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFermi-Dirac Distribution 659\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectrical Conductivity 661\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix G: Vector Potential, Field Momentum, and Gauge Transformations 661\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLagrangian Equations of Motion 662\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDerivation of the Hamiltonian 663\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eField Momentum 663\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGauge Transformation 664\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGauge in the London Equation 665\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix H: Cooper Pairs 665\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix I: Ginzburg-Landau Equation 667\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendix J: Electron-Phonon Collisions 671\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 675\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCharles Kittel\u003c\/b\u003e did his undergraduate work in physics at M.I.T and at the Cavendish Laboratory of Cambridge University. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin. He worked in the solid state group at Bell Laboratories, along with Bardeen and Shockley, leaving to start the theoretical solid state physics group at Berkeley in 1951. His research has been largely in magnetism and in semiconductors. In magnetism he developed the theories of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic resonance and the theory of single ferromagnetic domains, and extended the Bloch theory of magnons. In semiconductor physics he participated in the first cyclotron and plasma resonance experiments and extended the results to the theory of impurity states and to electron-hole drops.\u003cbr\u003eHe has been awarded three Guggenheim fellowships, the Oliver Buckley Prize for Solid State Physics, and, for contributions to teaching, the Oersted Medal of the American Association of Physics Teachers, He is a member of the National Academy of Science and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSince the publication of the first edition over 50 years ago, \u003ci\u003eIntroduction to Solid State Physics\u003c\/i\u003e has been the standard solid state physics text for physics majors. The author's goal from the beginning has been to write a book that is accessible to undergraduate and consistently teachable. The emphasis in the book has always been on physics rather than formal mathematics. With each new edition, the author has attempted to add important new developments in the field without sacrificing the book's accessibility and teachability.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989466792165,"sku":"NP9780471415268","price":184.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9780471415268.jpg?v=1761784215","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/introduction-to-solid-state-physics-isbn-9780471415268","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}