{"product_id":"insect-from-outer-space-isbn-9781118406519","title":"Insect from Outer Space","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComprehensive account of Strepsiptera biology, including their taxonomy, morphology, fine structure, physiology, and behaviour, ranging from genes to phylogeny\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBeautifully illustrated in full color throughout, with original up-to-date material from the author’s research collection, \u003ci\u003eInsect from Outer Space: The Biology of Strepsiptera\u003c\/i\u003e is the first book to provide a comprehensive guide to the unique biology of an intriguing group of parasitoids that, until relatively recently, have remained something of a mystery in terms of both phenotype and genotype. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe author explores the exciting biology and life history of these extraordinary insect parasitoids. In addition, the book provides a history of each family, and an account of the questions surrounding the evolution of Strepsiptera, explaining their position within the phylogeny of insects. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWritten by a leading international expert in the field, this book includes information on: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrepsiptera, which are among the least species-rich insect parasitoids, but they parasitise hosts from seven orders and 36 families of insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe two examples of polyphensim that Strepsiptera exhibit are: i) free-living planidia that moult to endoparasitic larvae; and ii) the neotenic females of derived families\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdult males are free-living, while females are free-living in primitive families, and are endoparasitic and neotenic in derived families\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMetamorphosis is a crucial process in the evolution of the sexually dimorphic Strepsiptera, and the neotenic females in derived families undergo a metamorphic transformation in the cephalothoracic region\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferences in Strepsiptera life cycles between the suborders Mengenillidia (a more ancestral lineage) and Stylopidia (a recent suborder)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eInsect from Outer Space: The Biology of Strepsiptera\u003c\/i\u003e is an essential reference work for entomologists and biologists alike who seek to unravel the secrets of these extraordinary creatures. The text is also an excellent learning resource for graduate and undergraduate students because the unique biology of Strepsiptera answers a wide range of biological questions. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Companion Website xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Order Strepsiptera 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Are Strepsiptera Parasites or Parasitoids? 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Trichotomous Hypothesis of Insect Parasitoids 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Metamorphosis 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 History of Strepsiptera 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Collection 39\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Stylopised Leaf- and Planthoppers 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Stylopised Eusocial Wasps 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Stylopised Grasshoppers\/Crickets\/Mantids 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Stylopised Silverfish 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Phylogeny 45\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Phylogenetic Position on the Tree of Life 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Phylogeny of Strepsiptera 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Mitochondrial Genomes 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Fossil Species 63\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Families: Protoxenidae, Phthanoxenidae and Cretostylopidae 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Family Mengeidae 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Planidia from Cretaceous Amber 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Planidium from Eocene Baltic Amber 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Males in Eocene Baltic Amber 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Males in Compressed Shale 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Male in Fushun Amber 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Males in Miocene Amber 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10 Male in Madagascar Copal 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.11 Fossil Strepsiptera and Their Hosts 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.12 Biology of Fossil Strepsiptera 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 First Instar Free- Living Planidium 87\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 History 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Biology and Life History 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Birth of Planidia 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Locomotion 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Entry into Host 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Host Defence 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Moulting After Host Entry 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Dispersal 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9.1 Phoretic Transmission 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9.2 Mass\/Direct Release 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10 Planidia Found in Unusual Destinations 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Endoparasitic Larval Stages 111\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Apolysis Without Ecdysis 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Life History 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Endoparasitic Second Instar Larva 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Endoparasitic Third Instar Larva 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Endoparasitic Fourth Instar Larva 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Internal Development 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Emergence and Extrusion Through Host Cuticle 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Avirulence 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Immune Defence 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.1 Masquerading as ‘Self’ 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Pupal Stage 133\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Free – Living Puparium of Male and Female Mengenillidae 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Partially Endoparasitic Male Puparium of Stylopidia 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Pre-formed ‘Line of Weakness’ in Male Puparium of Stylopidia 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Development of the Eye in Male Pupa of Stylopidia 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Development of the Reproductive System in Male Pupa of Stylopidia 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Absence of the Pupal Instar in Female Stylopiformia 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Adult Male 149\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Biology and Life History 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Head 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Eyes 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Thorax 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 Abdomen 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.5 Reproductive System 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Emergence of Free- Living Male from the Puparium 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Contractions 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Frontal Sac 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Mandibles 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Free- Living Female Mengenillidae and Neotenic Female Stylopidia 177\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Free- Living Female Mengenillidae 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Endoparasitic, Neotenic Female Stylopidia 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Reproductive System in Stylopidia 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Metamorphic Transformation of the Cephalothorax 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Developmental Process in Stylopidia 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Multiple Cuticles of the Endoparasitic, Neotenic Female Stylopidia 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Brood Canal System in Stylopidia 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.1 Invagination in the Brood Canal of Stylops 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Birth of Planidia in Mengenillidae and Stylopidia 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Nassonov’s Glands 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.1 Structure of Nassonov’s Glands 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.2 Pheromone 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.3 Structure of the Pheromone 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Mating 213\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Maturation of Male and Female 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Female ‘Calling’ Behaviour and Attraction 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Adult Male Emergence and Behaviour Before Mating 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Behaviour of Male During Mating 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Insemination 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.1 Traumatic Insemination in Mengenillidae 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.2 Brood Canal Insemination in Stylopidia 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Receptor Systems and Signals During Sexual Communication 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7.1 Antennae and Maxillary Palps 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7.2 Tarsi 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7.3 Hairs on Aedeagus 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Reproductive Synchrony 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Basal Extant Families: Family Bahiaxenidae 235\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction and Taxonomy 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Family Mengenillidae 237\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Taxonomy 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Biology and Life History 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Birth and Emergence of Planidia from a Free- Living, Neotenic Female 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Neotenic Female that Remains in the Puparium 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Birth and Emergence of Planidia from a Female that Remains in the Puparium 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Hosts 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Entomophagous Parasites 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Nematode Parasites 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Suborder Stylopidia: Family Corioxenidae 257\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Taxonomy 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Extrusion of the Cephalotheca and Cephalothorax 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Emergence of Male 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Unusual Insemination 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Emergence of Planidia 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Unusual Life Cycle and Super-stylopisation in Blissoxenos 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Dispersal of Planidia 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 Morphological Changes of Stylopised Corioxenidae 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10 Corioxenidae as Biocontrol Agents 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Infraorder Stylopiformia: Myrmecolacidae 273\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Taxonomy 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Heterotrophic Heteronomy 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Behaviour of Stylopised Ants 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Host- Seeking Behaviour of Planidia with Dimorphic Hosts 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Cryptic Diversity 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Partitioning of Genetic Diversity and Patterns of Host Specificity 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Biogeography 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Origin of Caenocholax in United States 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.10 Multi-parasitism 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.11 Myrmecolacidae as Biocontrol Agents 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16.1 Family Lychnocolacidae 313\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1.1 Introduction 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16.2 Family Bohartillidae 316\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Introduction 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Family Stylopidae 319\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Taxonomy 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Prevalence of Stylopisation 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Morphological Changes in Stylopised Hosts 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Pheromone 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Behavioural Changes in Stylopised Hosts 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Protandry 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 Phoretic Transmission 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.9 Host- seeking by Planidia 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.10 Super-stylopisation 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.11 Multi-parasitisim 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.12 Cryptic Species and Host Specificity 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Family Xenidae 351\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Taxonomy 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Inquilines 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Life Cycle of Xenos in Relation to Colony Cycle of Host 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Infective Stages of Host 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Stylopisation of Polistes in Native and Invasive Ranges 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7 Prevalence 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.8 Morphological Changes in Styopised Hosts 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.9 Behavioural Changes in Stylopised Hosts 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.9.1 Extranidal Aggregations 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.9.2 Extended Phenotype 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.10 Voltinism 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.11 Extension of Life Cycle of Stylopised Host 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.12 Virulence 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.13 Encapsulation 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.14 Effect of Stylopisation on Status Badges 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.15 Cuticular Hydrocarbons in Stylopised Hosts 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.16 Mechanism of Transfer of Planidia to Nests 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.16.1 Phoretic Transmission 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.16.2 Mass\/Direct Release 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.17 Super-stylopisation 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.18 Co- Habitation 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.19 Phylogeny, Cryptic Species and Host Specificity 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Family Elenchidae 417\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction and History 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Taxonomy 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Biology and Life History 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Morphological Changes in Stylopised Hosts 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Super-stylopisation 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 Mulit-parasitism 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.7 Cryptic Species and Host Specificity 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.8 Elenchus as Biocontrol Agents 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.9 Wolbachia Endosymbionts 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Family Halictophagidae 435\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Taxonomy 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Biology and Life History 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Morphological Changes in Stylopised Hosts 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Super-stylopisation 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Multi-parasitism 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 Halictophagidae as Biocontrol Agents 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8 Wolbachia Endosymbionts 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 459\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eJeyaraney Kathirithamby,\u003c\/b\u003e Department of Biology and St Hugh’s College, University of Oxford, UK.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComprehensive account of Strepsiptera biology, including their taxonomy, morphology, fine structure, physiology, and behaviour, ranging from genes to phylogeny\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBeautifully illustrated in full color throughout, with original up-to-date material from the author’s research collection, \u003ci\u003eInsect from Outer Space: The Biology of Strepsiptera\u003c\/i\u003e is the first book to provide a comprehensive guide to the unique biology of an intriguing group of parasitoids that, until relatively recently, have remained something of a mystery in terms of both phenotype and genotype. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe author explores the exciting biology and life history of these extraordinary insect parasitoids. In addition, the book provides a history of each family, and an account of the questions surrounding the evolution of Strepsiptera, explaining their position within the phylogeny of insects. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWritten by a leading international expert in the field, this book includes information on: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrepsiptera, which are among the least species-rich insect parasitoids, but they parasitise hosts from seven orders and 36 families of insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe two examples of polyphensim that Strepsiptera exhibit are: i) free-living planidia that moult to endoparasitic larvae; and ii) the neotenic females of derived families\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdult males are free-living, while females are free-living in primitive families, and are endoparasitic and neotenic in derived families\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMetamorphosis is a crucial process in the evolution of the sexually dimorphic Strepsiptera, and the neotenic females in derived families undergo a metamorphic transformation in the cephalothoracic region\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferences in Strepsiptera life cycles between the suborders Mengenillidia (a more ancestral lineage) and Stylopidia (a recent suborder)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eInsect from Outer Space: The Biology of Strepsiptera\u003c\/i\u003e is an essential reference work for entomologists and biologists alike who seek to unravel the secrets of these extraordinary creatures. The text is also an excellent learning resource for graduate and undergraduate students because the unique biology of Strepsiptera answers a wide range of biological questions.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989430845669,"sku":"NP9781118406519","price":129.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781118406519.jpg?v=1761784075","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/insect-from-outer-space-isbn-9781118406519","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}