{"product_id":"ethnopharmacology-isbn-9781118930748","title":"Ethnopharmacology","description":"\u003cp\u003eEthnopharmacology is one of the world’s fastest-growing scientific disciplines encompassing a diverse range of subjects. It links natural sciences research on medicinal, aromatic and toxic plants with socio-cultural studies and has often been associated with the development of new drugs. The Editors of \u003ci\u003eEthnopharmacology \u003c\/i\u003ehave assembled an international team of renowned contributors to provide a critical synthesis of the substantial body of new knowledge and evidence on the subject that has emerged over the past decade.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDivided into three parts, the book begins with an overview of the subject including a brief history, ethnopharmacological methods, the role of intellectual property protection, key analytical approaches,  the role of ethnopharmacology in primary\/secondary education and links to biodiversity and ecological research. Part two looks at ethnopharmacological contributions to modern therapeutics across a range of conditions including CNS disorders, cancer, bone and joint health and parasitic diseases. The final part is devoted to regional perspectives covering all continents, providing a state-of-the –art assessment of the status of ethnopharmacological research globally.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eA comprehensive, critical synthesis of the latest developments in ethnopharmacology.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes a section devoted to ethnopharmacological contributions to modern therapeutics across a range of conditions.  \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eContributions are from leading international experts in the field. \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis timely book will prove invaluable for researchers and students across a range of subjects including ethnopharmacology, ethnobotany, medicinal plant research and natural products research.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEthnopharmacology- A Reader\u003c\/i\u003e is part of the ULLA Series in Pharmaceutical Sciences www.ullapharmsci.org\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContributors xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeries Foreword xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations xxvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEthnopharmacology: The Fundamental Challenges\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Ethnopharmacology: A Short History of a Multidisciplinary Field of Research 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichael Heinrich\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Medicinal Plant Research: A Reflection on Translational Tasks 11\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnna K Jäger\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Translational research: preclinical research 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Translational research: clinical research 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Reaching the patient 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 A ‘developed’ traditional medicine system 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 The Anthropology of Ethnopharmacology 17\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eIna Vandebroek and Daniel E. Moerman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Primary example: Traditional medicine in New York City 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 An example from ancient Roman architecture 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 An example from native North America 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Comparative ethnobotany 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Conclusions 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Quantitative and Comparative Methods in Ethnopharmacology 29\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarco Leonti and Caroline S. Weckerle\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Research questions 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Field research 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Analyzing the data 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Pharmacological research 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Contextualization 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Conclusion 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Biodiversity, Conservation and Ethnopharmacology 41\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eVernon H. Heywood\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Changing attitudes to the ownership of biodiversity 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Medicinal and aromatic plants as resources 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 How many species? 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Chemical diversity 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Wild harvesting and over-collection 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Medicinal plant conservation 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Conservation approaches 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Protected areas 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10 Community conservation 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.11 Genetic conservation 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.12 Cultivation 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.13 Conclusions 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Ecopharmacognosy 53\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eGeoffrey A. Cordell\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Sustainable medicines and pharmacognosy 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Ecopharmacognosy: background 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Ecopharmacognosy practices 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Conclusions 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 NMR-based Metabolomics and Hyphenated NMR Techniques: A Perfect Match in Natural Products Research 63\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJoachim Møllesøe Vinther, Sileshi Gizachew Wubshet and Dan Staerk\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Metabolomics 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Principles of NMR-based metabolomics 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 NMR-based metabolomics in natural products research 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Hyphenated NMR techniques 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Principle of HPLC-SPE-NMR 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 High-resolution bioassay-coupled HPLC-SPE-NMR 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Combining metabolomics and hyphenated NMR techniques 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Perspectives in ethnopharmacology 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Conclusions 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 New Medicines Based On Traditional Knowledge: Indigenous and Intellectual \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003eProperty Rights from an Ethnopharmacological Perspective 75\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichael Heinrich\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 The legal framework 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Industrial research in an ethnopharmacological context 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Some case studies 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Conclusions 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNote 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Ethnopharmacology and Intellectual Property Rights 87\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlan Hesketh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Indigenous community rights and traditional knowledge 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Identifying a partner 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Hurdles in considering IP 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Building an effective IP portfolio 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 The patentability of products of nature 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Conclusion 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Ethnopharmacology in Elementary, Primary and Secondary Education: Current\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003ePerspectives and Future Prospects 97\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlonso Verde, Diego Rivera, José Ramón Vallejo, José Fajardo, Concepción Obón and Arturo Valdés\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Ethnopharmacology: a multidisciplinary subject for education 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Developing an ethnopharmacological curriculum: some strategies 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Conclusions 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe Pharmacological Angle\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Anti-infective Agents: The Example of Antibacterial Drug Leads 111\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaíra Bidart de Macedo, Sofie Clais, Ellen Lanckacker, Louis Maes, Emerson Silva Lima and Paul Cos\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Bacterial resistance 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Plant-derived antibacterial agents 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Basic requirements for successful antimicrobial drug discovery (Cos et al., 2006) 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Conclusion 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Searching for New Treatments of Malaria 123\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eColin W. Wright\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Traditional herbal remedies as a source of antimalarial lead compounds 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Developments from established antimalarials 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Non-traditional medicine sources of potential antimalarials 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Alternative strategies in the search for natural antimalarial compounds 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Herbal preparations for the treatment of malaria 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Conclusion and future prospects 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 CNS Disorders 135\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnna K Jäger\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Epilepsy 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Depression and anxiety 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Insomnia 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Sedatives 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Dementia 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Conclusion 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Respiratory Conditions 147\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAdolfo Andrade-Cetto and Jorge García-Alvarez\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Case studies 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Conclusions 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Can there be an Ethnopharmacology of Inflammation? 159\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMichael Heinrich and Anthony Booker\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Ethnopharmacology of inflammation: some examples 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Conclusions 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors and Downstream Signalling Pathways as Cancer Treatment Targets for Medicinal Plants 169\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eEan-Jeong Seo, Ching-Fen Wu, Henny J. Greten and Thomas Efferth\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Role of epidermal growth factor receptors for cancer biology 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Inhibition of epidermal growth factor signalling by phytochemicals and medicinal plants 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Conclusions and perspectives 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 From Ethnopharmacological Field Study to Phytochemistry and Preclinical Research: The Example of Ghanaian Medicinal Plants for Improved Wound Healing 179\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndreas Hensel, Emelia Kisseih, Matthias Lechtenberg, Frank Petereit, Christian Agyare and Alex Asase\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Results 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Conclusion 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Gynaecological, Andrological and Urological Problems: An Ethnopharmacological Perspective 199\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eTinde van Andel, Hugo de Boer and Alexandra Towns\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Menstrual disorders 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Postpartum use 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Vaginal applications 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Female infertility 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Andrology 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7 Urology 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Ethnopharmacological Aspects of Bone and Joint Health 213\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eElizabeth M. Williamson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Current views of bone and joint disorders 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Traditional views of bone disorders 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Conclusions 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders: An Ethnopharmacological Perspective 227\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAdolfo Andrade Cetto\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Type-2 diabetes 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Metabolic syndrome 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Case studies 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Conclusions 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 The Ethnopharmacology of the Food–Medicine Interface: The Example of \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003eMarketing Traditional Products in Europe 239\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eGunter P. Eckert\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Medicinal products for human use 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Food 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Consumer protection - security and protection against fraud 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Intended normal use: the distinction between medicinal products and foods 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Conclusion 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Retrospective Treatment-Outcome as a Method of Collecting Clinical Data in \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003eEthnopharmacological Surveys 251\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eBertrand Graz, Merlin Willcox and Elaine Elisabetsky\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Key concepts: clinical data, outcome and patient progress 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of traditional medicines 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 The role of ethnopharmacologists and ethnobotanists 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Collection of clinical data during ethnopharmacological field studies 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6 Example of a method for gathering clinical data during field surveys 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.7 Conclusion: clinical data and field surveys for a positive impact on health 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEthnopharmacology: Regional Perspectives\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Ethnopharmacology in Sub-Sahara Africa: Current Trends and Future Perspectives 265\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMack Moyo, Adeyemi O. Aremu and Johannes van Staden\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Role of traditional medicine in Africa 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Ethnopharmacological research in sub-Saharan Africa 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Challenges of traditional medicine in Africa 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Future perspectives 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.6 Conclusions 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Ethnopharmacology and Integrative Medicine: An Indian Perspective 279\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePulok K. Mukherjee, Sushil K. Chaudhary, Shiv Bahadur and Pratip K. Debnath\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Ethnopharmacology and the development of traditional medicine in India 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 Biological wealth and ancient wisdom 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Indian systems of medicine 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Ayurveda: the Indian system of medicine 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Siddha 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.6 Unani 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.7 Traditional knowledge digital library 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.8 Integrated approaches for the development of Indian traditional medicine 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.9 Conclusion 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 Chinese Medicine: Contentions and Global Complexities 293\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnthony Booker\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1 Introduction 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2 Ancient concepts meet scientific understanding 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3 Traditional and modern dosage forms and application 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.4 Medicinal plant production in China 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.5 Quality and safety 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.6 Aristolochic acids 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.7 Regulatory requirements 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.8 Training practitioners of TCM 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.9 Future prospects 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 Chinese Medicinal Processing: A Characteristic Aspect of the Ethnopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine 303\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePing Guo, Eric Brand and Zhongzhen Zhao\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1 Introduction 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.2 Definition, methods and historical changes in Chinese medicinal processing 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3 Present state of Chinese medicinal processing 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.4 Prospect for future developments in Chinese medicinal processing 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e27 A South-East Asian Perspective on Ethnopharmacology 317\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePravit Akarasereenont, Marianne J.R. Datiles, Natchagorn Lumlerdkij, Harisun Yaakob, Jose M. Prieto and Michael Heinrich\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.1 Introduction 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2 Ethnopharmacology in Thailand 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.3 Ethnopharmacology in Malaysia 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.4 Ethnopharmacology in Indonesia 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.5 Ethnopharmacology in the Philippines 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.6 Ethnopharmacology in Vietnam 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.7 Ethnopharmacology in Myanmar, Lao PDR and Cambodia 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.8 Ethnopharmacology in Singapore and Brunei 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.9 Conclusion 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28 Historical Approaches in Ethnopharmacology 333\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndreas Lardos\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.1 Introduction 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.2 Historical texts in ethnopharmacological research 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3 Methodological aspects 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.4 Challenges in the analysis of historical texts 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.5 Opportunities offered by a historical approach 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.6 Conclusions 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e29 Medical Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology of Europe 343\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eManuel Pardo-de-Santayana, Cassandra L. Quave, Renata Sõukand and Andrea Pieroni\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.1 Introduction 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.2 A brief history of European medicinal plants studies 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.3 Modern European medico-ethnobotanical studies 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.4 European ethnomedicinal flora 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.5 Adaptation, syncretism and resilience of traditional pharmacopoeias 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.6 Pharmacological studies of European medicinal plants 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.7 Concluding remarks 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30 Ethnopharmacology in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East: ‘The Sun Rises from the East, but Shines on the Eastern Mediterranean’ 357\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eErdem Yesilada\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.1 Introduction 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.2 Ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology in the Balkan region 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3 Modern ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology in the Middle East 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.4 Ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology in Turkey 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.5 Concluding remarks 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e31 Ethnopharmacology in Australia and Oceania 365\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eGraham Lloyd Jones and Nicholas J. Sadgrove\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.1 Introduction 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.2 Ethnopharmacological ‘classics’ 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.3 Australian aromatic plants 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4 Recent developments: aromatic plants 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.5 Recent developments: cancer and HIV 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.6 Conclusion 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e32 Ethnopharmacology in Central and South America 379\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eSalvador Cañigueral and Jaume Sanz-Biset\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.1 Introduction 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.2 The development of drugs 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.3 Beyond the development of new drugs 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.4 Bridging indigenous and western knowledge 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.5 Hallucinogens 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.6 Conclusion 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e33 Perspectives on Ethnopharmacology in Mexico 393\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eRobert Bye and Edelmira Linares\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.1 Introduction 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.2 Mexican tradition 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.3 Compilation of medicinal plants 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.4 Medicinal plant complex 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.5 Markets and medicinal plants 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.6 Bioprospection and conservation 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e33.7 Conclusions 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e34 Encounters with Elephants: A Personal Perspective on Ethnopharmacology 405\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePeter J. Houghton\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.1 Introduction 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.2 The primacy of plants 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.3 Sources: dirty hands and databases 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.4 From cultural use to chemistry 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.5 Chemistry as a starter 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.6 Botany as a basis 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.7 Of mice and men and microwell plates 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.8 Aims and ethics 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.9 Molecules and mixtures 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.10 Tales of the unexpected 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.11 The end of the matter 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 415\u003c\/p\u003e \"\u003ci\u003e\u003cb\u003eE\u003c\/b\u003ethnopharmacology\u003c\/i\u003e is a remarkable book that comprises cutting-edge research from a range of world-class authorities from many countries across the world. This makes it one of the most authoritative books ever written on this subject and on phytotherapy in general\"....\"in my opinion, the real appeal of the book is the diversity of the subjects covered, which include the comparative and quantitative methods of ethnopharmacological research; biodiversity, conservation, and ethnopharmacology; ecopharmacognosy; the use of novel nuclear magnetic resonance techniques in natural product research; and ethnopharmacology and intellectual property rights\".....\"\u003ci\u003eEthnopharmacology\u003c\/i\u003e is indeed a valuable book for natural-product researchers, especially those interested in novel approaches for uncovering new leads for the development of essential medicines from plant and animal sources.I have no doubt in my mind that it will serve the purpose for which it is intended: a cutting-edge text meant to equip postgraduate students in pharmacy, pharmaceutical sciences, and other related disciplines, anywhere in the world, with sound knowledge of the newly developing field of ethnopharmacology\" \u003cb\u003eBioscience, July 2016\u003c\/b\u003e  \u003cstrong\u003eProfessor Michael Heinrich\u003c\/strong\u003e, UCL School of Pharmacy, UK. \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDr Anna K. Jäger\u003c\/strong\u003e, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989169455333,"sku":"NP9781118930748","price":120.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781118930748.jpg?v=1761783072","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/ethnopharmacology-isbn-9781118930748","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}