{"product_id":"ecosystem-services-come-to-town-isbn-9781405195065","title":"Ecosystem Services Come To Town","description":"The need to find new approaches to the development of cities is becoming increasingly urgent in this age of continuing population growth, demographic transition, climate change, fossil fuel peak and biodiversity losses. Restoring ecosystem services and promoting biodiversity is essential to sustainable development – even in the built environment.  \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEcosystem Services come to Town: greening cities by working with nature\u003c\/i\u003e demonstrates how to make urban environments greener. It starts by explaining how, by mimicking nature and deliberately creating habitats to provide ecosystem services, cities can become more efficient and more pleasant to live in.  The history of cities and city planning is covered with the impacts of industrial urban development described, as well as the contemporary concerns of biodiversity loss, peak oil and climate change.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe later sections offer solutions to the challenges of sustainable urban development by describing and explaining a whole range of approaches and interventions, beginning at the regional scale with strategic green infrastructure, looking at districts and precincts, with trees, parks and rain gardens and ending with single buildings, including with green roofs and living walls.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTechnical enough to be valuable to practitioners but still readable and inspirational, this guide demonstrates to town planners, urban designers, architects, engineers, landscape architects how to make cities more liveable.\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003eAbout the Author xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1. Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eModern Cities and the Disconnected 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePopulation Spike 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLimits to Growth 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlobal Threats 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEcosystem Services and Stewardship 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreening Cities is Necessary 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHope 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2. Origins of Cities\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cb\u003e7\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhy Look Back? 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmergence of the Human Species 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreat Leap Forward 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgriculture and Permanent Settlements 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgriculture Around the World 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgriculture Intensifies 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmpires Rise and Fall in Mesopotamia 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNile Valley 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndus Valley 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAncient China 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAncient Greece 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn the Ganges 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRome 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Moche 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMesoamerica 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFortified Centres of Administration 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEuropean Renaissance 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarly Modern 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSqualor 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3. Modern Cities 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOrigins of the Modern City 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndustrial Revolution 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRailways 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRapid Growth 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIll Health 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDistinctive New Districts Emerge 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eParis Re-born 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRailways and Suburbs 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePlanning and Zoning 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGarden Cities 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMotor Vehicles Herald in the Oil Age 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Humane Outlook 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGoing Up 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eContinued Rise of the Motor Vehicle 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDecline of the Inner City 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNew Towns 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCity Plans 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn Unfinished Task 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4. Issues Facing Contemporary Cities 39\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpacts of Cities and City Living 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHabitat Loss 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHabitat Fragmentation 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImpacts on Soil 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Water Cycle 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater-borne Pollution 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Heat Islands 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAir Pollution 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNoise 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLight Pollution 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAgricultural Land Take 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcrete 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSteel 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGlass 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTimber 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWaste 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrivers of Population Growth 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeak Oil 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeak Phosphorus 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePost Oil 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5. Working with Nature 55\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEcology and Ecosystems 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBorn Free 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaving the Great Lakes 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEarth Summit, Ecosystem Assessment and Ecosystem Services 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCities as Part of the Biosphere 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEcological Restoration 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Wildlife 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen Infrastructure 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSustainable Sites Initiative 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdvice from Professional Bodies and Others 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMimic Nature 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorking with Nature Works 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6. Urban Nature 65\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOpen Space Preservation 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Naturalists 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNature Leaves the City? 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Nature Returns 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWildlife Gardens 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEncapsulated Countryside 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBukit Timah 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Urban Forest 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Wastelands 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanvey Wick 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmscher Park 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Farming 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiodiversity Action Plans 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRiver Corridors 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLondon’s South Bank 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMinneapolis Riverfront 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7. Water and Cities 81\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFresh Clean Water – Essential and Increasingly Scarce 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCivilisation has Modified the Water Cycle 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater Consumption 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmbodied Carbon 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVirtual Water 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCatchment Management 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRainwater Harvesting 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrey Water 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSustainable Urban Drainage 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater Sensitive Urban Design 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRain Gardens 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Streets are Changing 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePonds 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePotsdamer Platz 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRiver Restoration 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Cheonggyecheon River 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSingapore 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater and Urban Heat Islands 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTowards the Water Sensitive City 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8. City-wide Greening 95\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBioregions 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCatchment Management for Clean Water 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCatchment Management for Ecosystem Services 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegional Green Infrastructure Plans 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiomass and the Bioregion 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegional Ecological Networks 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCommunity Forests 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen Belts 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen Grids 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTransport 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eUrban Heat Islands 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBlue Networks 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMasterplanning 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegional Plans, Local Implementation 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9. Greening Neighbourhoods and Buildings 111\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSense of Neighbourhood 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiving Streets 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandardising the Neighbourhood 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDesign Your Own Park 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Phoenix Rises 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGrowing Their Own 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLearning from Squatter Settlements 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRain Gardens 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThey Paved Paradise 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eClapton Park Estate 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeople of the Trees 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTree Pits 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTree Trenches 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo Space? 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEnergy Efficient Buildings 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWater Efficiency 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAutonomy 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBuilding-integrated Vegetation 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA Coat for Buildings 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eValue of Shade 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLiving Walls 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCooling Effect of Green Roofs 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen Roofs, Rainwater Attenuation and Cooling 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen Roofs Need the Right Substrate 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreen Roofs for Biodiversity 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLondon’s Black Redstart Roofs 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiodiverse Green Roofs in North America 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRoof Gardens for People 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorldwide Applications 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWildlife and Buildings 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRooftop Harvests 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10. Conclusion 137\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInteresting Times 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Positives 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCities and Citizens Take the Initiative 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreening Requires Greenery 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendices\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eI: award winning projects from IHDC website 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eII: useful resources 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes and References 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 209\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e“The book can be a useful supplemental resource for students in urban studies, offering many wonderful ideas and a general sense of optimism. Summing Up: Recommended. All academic, professional, and large public libraries.”  (\u003ci\u003eChoice\u003c\/i\u003e, 1 August 2013)\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cb\u003eGary Grant\u003c\/b\u003e is a Chartered Environmentalist, Member of the Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, an Academician at the Academy of Urbanism, Member of the All Party Parliamentary Committee on Biodiversity, thesis supervisor at the Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment, University College London, Chair of the Judges of the Integrated Habitats Design Competition and Director of the Green Roof Consultancy Ltd. As director of EDAW and then AECOM Design + Planning and now independent, he has worked on large scale planning projects including the London 2012 Olympic Park, the Bedford Valley River Park, the Whitehill-Bordon Eco Town, Education City, Qatar and Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi.  The need to find new approaches to the development of cities is becoming increasingly urgent in this age of continuing population growth, demographic transition, climate change, fossil fuel peak and biodiversity losses. Restoring ecosystem services and promoting biodiversity is essential to sustainable development – even in the built environment.  \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEcosystem Services come to Town: greening cities by working with nature\u003c\/i\u003e demonstrates how to make urban environments greener. It starts by explaining how, by mimicking nature and deliberately creating habitats to provide ecosystem services, cities can become more efficient and more pleasant to live in. The history of cities and city planning is covered with the impacts of industrial urban development described, as well as the contemporary concerns of biodiversity loss, peak oil and climate change.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe later sections offer solutions to the challenges of sustainable urban development by describing and explaining a whole range of approaches and interventions, beginning at the regional scale with strategic green infrastructure, looking at districts and precincts, with trees, parks and rain gardens and ending with single buildings, including with green roofs and living walls.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTechnical enough to be valuable to practitioners but still readable and inspirational, this guide demonstrates to town planners, urban designers, architects, engineers and landscape architects how to make cities more liveable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989103427813,"sku":"NP9781405195065","price":84.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781405195065.jpg?v=1761782808","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/ecosystem-services-come-to-town-isbn-9781405195065","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}