{"product_id":"earth-environments-isbn-9781119413257","title":"Earth Environments","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComprehensive coverage of the whole Earth system throughout its entire existence and beyond\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eComplete with a new introduction by the authors, this updated edition helps provide an understanding of the past, present, and future processes that occur on and in our Earth—the fascinating, yet potentially lethal, set of atmospheric, surface, and internal processes that interact to produce our living environment. It introduces students to our planet’s four key interdependent systems: the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, focusing on their key components, the interactions between them, and environmental change. The book also uses geological case studies throughout, in addition to the modern processes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTopics covered in the \u003ci\u003eSecond Edition\u003c\/i\u003e of \u003ci\u003eEarth Environments: Past, Present and Future \u003c\/i\u003einclude: an Earth systems model; components systems and processes; atmospheric systems; oceanography; surface and internal geological systems; biogeography; and aspects of Earth's record. The book also discusses the impact of climate and environmental change in a final chapter that draws together Earth's systems and their evolution, and looks ahead to potential future changes in Earth’s environments.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eUpdated to include all the major developments since 2008\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFeatures research boxes containing summaries based on recent key journal articles\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes a companion web site containing multiple choice revision quizzes for students, PowerPoint slides for lecturers, useful links, and more\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePresents further reading for each topic so that students can build their knowledge base to underpin their own undergraduate research project\/dissertation\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOffers additional case studies in each chapter for enhanced reader understanding\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEarth Environments: Past, Present and Future\u003c\/i\u003e is an excellent text for undergraduates in geosciences, environmental science, physical geography, natural hazards, and ecology.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Companion Website xxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction xxv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection I Introduction to Earth Systems 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction to Earth Systems 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction to Earth’s Formation 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Introduction to Earth Spheres 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Scales in Space and Time 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Systems and Feedback 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Open and Closed Flow Systems 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Equilibrium in Systems 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Time Cycles in Systems 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection II Atmospheric and Ocean Systems 17\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Structure and Composition of the Atmosphere 19\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Structure of the Atmosphere 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Composition of the Atmosphere 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Carbon Dioxide and Methane 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Water Vapour 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Energy in the Atmosphere and the Earth Heat Budget 27\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Solar Radiation 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Moisture in the Atmosphere 41\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 The Global Hydrological Cycle 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Air Stability and Instability 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Clouds 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Precipitation 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Atmospheric Motion 55\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Atmospheric Pressure 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Winds and Pressure Gradients 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 The Global Pattern of Atmospheric Circulation 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Weather Systems 67\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Macroscale Synoptic Systems 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Meso‐Scale: local Winds 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Microclimates 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Weather Observation and Forecasting 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 World Climates 99\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Classification of Climate 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Ocean Structure and Circulation Patterns 113\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Physical Structure of the Oceans 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Temperature Structure of the Oceans 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Ocean Circulation 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Sea‐Level Change 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Atmospheric Evolution 125\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Evolution of Earth’s Atmosphere 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Principles of Climate Change 131\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Evidence for Climate Change 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Causes of Climate Change 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection III Endogenic Geological Systems 159\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Earth Materials: Mineralogy, Rocks and the Rock Cycle 161\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 What is a Mineral? 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Rocks and the Rock Cycle 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Vulcanicity and Igneous Rocks 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Sedimentary Rocks, Fossils and Sedimentary Structures 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Metamorphic Rocks 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 The Internal Structure of the Earth 191\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Evidence of Earth’s Composition from Drilling 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Evidence of Earth’s Composition from Volcanoes 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Evidence of Earth’s Composition from Meteorites 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Using Earthquake Seismic Waves as Earth Probes 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Plate Tectonics and Volcanism: Processes, Products, and Landforms 199\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Global Tectonics: how Plates, Basins, and Mountains are Created 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Volcanic Processes and the Global Tectonic Model 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Magma Eruption 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Explosive Volcanism 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Petrographic Features of Volcaniclastic Sediments 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Transport and Deposition of Pyroclastic Materials 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 The Relationship Between Volcanic Processes and the Earth’s Atmosphere and Climate 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Plate Tectonics, Uniformitarianism and Earth History 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Geotectonics: Processes, Structures, and Landforms 255\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Tectonic Structures 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Tectonic Structures as Lines of Weakness in Landscape Evolution 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection IV Exogenic Geological Systems 265\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Weathering Processes and Products 267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Physical or Mechanical Weathering 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Chemical Weathering 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Measuring Weathering Rates 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Weathering Landforms 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Slope Processes and Morphology 299\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Slopes: Mass Movement 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Hillslope Hydrology and Slope Processes 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Slope Morphology and its Evolution 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Fluvial Processes and Landform-Sediment Assemblages 349\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Loose Boundary Hydraulics 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 The Energy of a River and Its Ability to Do Work 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Transport of the Sediment Load 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Types of Sediment Load 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 River Hydrology 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 The Drainage Basin 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 Drainage Patterns and their Interpretation 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.9 Fluvial Channel Geomorphology 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Carbonate Sedimentary Environments and Karst Processes and Landforms 411\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Carbonate Sedimentary Environments and Carbonate Rock Characteristics 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Evaporites 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Carbonate Facies Models 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Karst Processes 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Coastal Processes, Landforms, and Sediments 467\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction to the Coastal Zone 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Sea Waves, Tides, and Tsunamis 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Tides 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Tsunamis 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Coastal Landsystems 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 Distribution of Coastal Land systems 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.7 The Impact of Climatic Change on Coastal Landsystems: What Lies in the Future? 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Glacial Processes and Land Systems 535\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Mass Balance and Glacier Formation 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Mass Balance and Glacier Flow 546\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Surging Glaciers 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Processes of Glacial Erosion and Deposition 552\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Glacial Landsystems 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Periglacial Processes and Landform‐Sediment Assemblages 605\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction to the Term ‘Periglacial’ 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Permafrost 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Periglacial Processes and Landforms 609\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Frost Heaving and Frost Thrusting 612\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Landforms Associated with Frost Sorting 614\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Needle Ice Development 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7 Frost Cracking and the Development of Ice Wedges 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.8 Growth of Ground Ice and Its Decay, and the Development of Pingos, Thufurs, and Palsas 620\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.9 Processes Associated with Snowbanks (Nivation Processes) 626\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.10 Cryoplanation or Altiplanation Processes and Their Resultant Landforms 628\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.11 The Development of Tors 633\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.12 Slope Processes Associated with the Short Summer Melt Season 638\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.13 Cambering and Associated Structures 645\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.14 Wind Action in a Periglacial Climate 645\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.15 Fluvial Processes in a Periglacial Environment 648\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.16 Alluvial Fans in a Periglacial Region 650\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.17 An Overview of the Importance of Periglacial Processes in Shaping the Landscape of Upland Britain 652\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.18 The Periglaciation of Lowland Britain 654\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Aeolian (Wind) Processes and Landform-Sediment Assemblages 655\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction 656\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Current Controls on Wind Systems 657\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Sediment Entrainment and Processes of Sand Movement 657\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Processes of Wind Transport 659\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Aeolian Bedforms 661\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6 Dune and Aeolian Sediments 677\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.7 Dust and Loess Deposition 678\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.8 Wind Erosion Landforms 682\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection V The Biosphere 687\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Principles of Ecology and Biogeography 689\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction 690\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Why Do Organisms Live Where They Do? 690\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Components of Ecosystems 694\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Energy Flow in Ecosystems 699\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Food Chains and Webs 704\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.6 Pathways of Mineral Matter (Biogeochemical Cycling) 707\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.7 Vegetation Succession and Climaxes 714\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.8 Concluding Remarks 732\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Soil-forming Processes and Products 733\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Introduction 734\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 Controls on Soil Formation 735\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Soils as Systems 738\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Soil Profile Development 739\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Soil Properties 744\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.6 Key Soil Types, with a Description and Typical Profile 752\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.7 Podsolization: Theories 756\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.8 Soil Classification 757\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.9 Regional and Local Soil Distribution 759\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.10 The Development of Dune Soils: An Example from the Sefton Coast 768\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.11 The Development of Woodland Soils in Delamere Forest 770\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.12 Intrazonal Soils Caused by Topographic Change 770\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.13 Palaeosols 771\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e25 World Ecosystems 775\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1 Introduction 776\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.2 The Tundra Ecozone 778\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.3 The Tropical (Equatorial) Rain Forest, or Humid Tropics Sensu Stricto, Ecozone 786\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.4 The Seasonal Tropics or Savanna Ecozone 793\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.5 Potential Effects of Global Warming on the World’s Ecozones 800\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection VI Global Environmental Change: Past, Present and Future 807\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e26 The Earth as a Planet: Geological Evolution and Change 809\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1 Introduction 810\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.2 How Unique is the Earth as a Planet? 810\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.3 What Do We Really Know About the Early Earth? 811\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.4 The Early Geological Record 811\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.5 The First Earth System 815\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.6 How Did the Earth’s Core Form? 817\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.7 Evolution of the Earth’s Mantle 818\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.8 Evolution of the Continental Crust 827\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e27 Atmospheric Evolution and Climate Change 831\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.1 Evolution of Earth’s Atmosphere 832\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2 Future Climate Change 833\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e28 Future Change in Ocean Circulation and the Hydrosphere 843\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.1 Introduction 844\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.2 Sea‐Level Change and the Supercontinental Cycle 844\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.3 Projected Long‐Term Changes in the Ocean 849\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.4 Future Changes in the Water Cycle 850\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e29 Biosphere Evolution and Change 855\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.1 Introduction 856\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.2 Mechanisms of Evolution in the Fossil Record 856\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.3 The Origins of Life 860\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.4 An Outline History of the Earth’s Biospheric Evolution 862\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e29.5 Mass Extinctions and Catastrophes in the History of Life on Earth 887\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e30 Environmental Change: Greenhouse and Icehouse Earth Phases and Climates Prior to Recent\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cb\u003eChanges 899\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.1 Introduction 900\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.2 Early Glaciations in the Proterozoic Phase of the Pre‐Cambrian (the Snowball Earth Hypothesis) 900\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.3 Examples of Changes from Greenhouse to Icehouse Climates in the Earth’s Past 908\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.4 Late Cenozoic Ice Ages: Rapid Climate Change in the Quaternary 922\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.5 Late Glacial Climates and Evidence for Rapid Change 932\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.6 The Medieval Warm Period (MWP) or Medieval Climate Optimum and the LIA 942\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e31 Global Environmental Change in the Future 951\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.1 Introduction 952\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.2 Future Climate Change 952\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.3 Change in the Geosphere 955\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.4 Change in the Oceans and Hydrosphere 958\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.5 Change in the Biosphere 959\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.6 A Timeline for Future Earth 960\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.7 Causes for Future Optimism? 961\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e31.8 Concluding Remarks 965\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 967\u003c\/p\u003e  \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDavid Huddart, PhD,\u003c\/b\u003e is Emeritus Professor and former Associate Dean of Research and Knowledge Transfer at Liverpool John Moores University, UK. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTim A. Stott, PhD,\u003c\/b\u003e is Professor of Physical Geography and Outdoor Education at Liverpool John Moores University, UK.   \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComprehensive coverage of the whole Earth system throughout its entire existence and beyond\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eComplete with a new introduction by the authors, this updated edition helps provide an understanding of the past, present, and future processes that occur on and in our Earth—the fascinating, yet potentially lethal, set of atmospheric, surface, and internal processes that interact to produce our living environment. It introduces students to our planet's four key interdependent systems: the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, focusing on their key components, the interactions between them, and environmental change. The book also uses geological case studies throughout, in addition to the modern processes. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTopics covered in the second edition of \u003ci\u003eEarth Environments\u003c\/i\u003e include: an Earth systems model; components systems and processes; atmospheric systems; oceanography; surface and internal geological systems; biogeography; and aspects of Earth's record. The book also discusses the impact of climate and environmental change in a final chapter that draws together Earth's systems and their evolution, and looks ahead to potential future changes in Earth's environments. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eUpdated to include all the major developments since the publication of the 1st edition in 2008\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFeatures research boxes containing summaries based on recent key journal articles\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes a companion website containing multiple choice revision quizzes for students, PowerPoint slides for lecturers, useful links, and more\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePresents further reading for each topic so that students can build their knowledge base to underpin their own undergraduate research projects and dissertations\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eOffers additional case studies in each chapter for enhanced reader understanding\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEarth Environments\u003c\/i\u003e is an excellent text for undergraduates in geosciences, environmental science, physical geography, natural hazards, and ecology.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Blackwell","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47989096284389,"sku":"NP9781119413257","price":72.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781119413257.jpg?v=1761782779","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/earth-environments-isbn-9781119413257","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}