Animal Models

The Global Medical Excellence Cluster (GMEC) and the New York Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with Imperial College London and King’s College London, sponsored the conference "Animal Models and Their Value in Predicting Drug Efficacy and Toxicity." The goal was to provide a neutral forum to critically examine and discuss the traditional role of pre-clinical animal models in drug discovery, and how these models most effectively contribute to translational medicine and therapeutic development.

International, multi-disciplinary clinical and basic science investigators convened to discuss and identify changes needed to increase the predictive power of various models for drug efficacy and toxicity in humans, and ways in which to further refine, reduce, and replace animal models in biomedical research in areas such as metabolic and cardiovascular disease, inflammation, pain. Other topics discussed included new technologies in bioimaging, biosimulation, bioinformatics, the generation of genetically modified animals, phenotype screening, alternatives to rodent models, the use of embryonic stem cells, patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells, and humanized animal models. This volume presents a collection of short papers on some of the topics discussed at this important conference.

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Have animal models of disease helped or hindered the drug discovery process? / Ann Jacqueline Hunter

Current models and strategies in the development of antiobesity drugs / James S. Kinsey-Jones and Kevin G. Murphy

Relevance of angiotensin II-induced aortic pathologies in mice to human aortic aneurysms / Dennis Bruemmer [and others]

Novel, nonreflex tests detect analgesic action in rodents at clinically relevant concentrations / Nick Andrews [and others]

Animal welfare and the 3Rs in European biomedical research / Dominic J. Wells

Best practices for the use of animals in toxicological research and testing / William S. Stokes

Progress toward generating informative porcine biomedical models using induced pluripotent stem cells / Franklin West and Steven Stice

A knockout mouse resource for the biomedical research community / K.C. Kent Lloyd

Minimizing strain influences in a genetically modified mouse phenotyping platform / Michael D. Hayward, Olesia Buiakova, and David S. Grass

The blessings and curses of C57BL/6 substrains in mouse genetic studies / Camron D. Bryant

Modeling inflammation and microvascular dysfunction / Felicity N.E. Gavins

TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels in inflammatory pain : elucidating mechanisms / Susan D. Brain

Imaging of endocrine gene expression in a humanized transgenic rat / Julian R.E. Davis

Systems biology of the heart : hype or hope? / T. Alexander Quinn and Peter Kohl

Is it time for in silico simulation of drug cardiac side effects? / Gary R. Mirams and Denis Noble

Human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for pharmacological and toxicological modeling / Sian E. Harding

Humanized mice as a preclinical tool for infectious disease and biomedical research / Leonard D. Shultz [and others]

Humanized mice for the study of type 1 and type 2 diabetes / Dale L. Greiner [and others]

Deconstructing hepatitis C virus infection in humanized mice / Marcus Dorner and Alexander Ploss

Animal models got you puzzled? : think pig / Eric M. Walters [and others]

For 200 years—since 1817—the Academy has brought together extraordinary people working at the frontiers of discovery. Among the oldest scientific organizations in the United States, it has become not only an enduring cultural institution in New York, but also one of the most significant organizations in the global scientific community.