{"product_id":"aerosol-technology-isbn-9781119494041","title":"Aerosol Technology","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAEROSOL TECHNOLOGY\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAn in-depth and accessible treatment of aerosol theory and its applications\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Third Edition of \u003ci\u003eAerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles\u003c\/i\u003e delivers a thorough and authoritative exploration of modern aerosol theory and its applications. The book offers readers a working knowledge of the topic that reflects the numerous advances that have been made across a broad spectrum of aerosol-related application areas. New updates to the popular text include treatments of nanoparticles, the health effects of atmospheric aerosols, remote sensing, bioaerosols, and low-cost sensors. Additionally, readers will benefit from insightful new discussions of modern instruments.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe authors maintain a strong focus on the fundamentals of the discipline, while providing a robust overview of real-world applications of aerosol theory. New exercise problems and examples populate the book, which also includes:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eThorough introductions to aerosol technology, key definitions, particle size, shape, density, and concentration, as well as the properties of gases\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eComprehensive explorations of uniform particle motion, particle size statistics, and straight-line acceleration and curvilinear particle motion\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePractical discussions of particle adhesion, Brownian motion and diffusion, thermal and radiometric forces, and filtration\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIn-depth examinations of sampling and measurement of concentration, respiratory deposition, coagulation, condensation, evaporation, and atmospheric aerosols\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerfect for senior undergraduate and junior graduate students of science and technology, \u003ci\u003eAerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles\u003c\/i\u003e will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals working in industrial hygiene, air pollution control, climate science, radiation protection, and environmental science.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to the First Edition xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to the Second Edition xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface to the Third Edition xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Principal Symbols xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Definitions 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Particle Size, Shape, and Density 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Aerosol Concentration 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Properties of Gases 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Kinetic Theory of Gases 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Molecular Velocity 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Mean Free Path 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Other Properties 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Reynolds Number 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Measurement of Velocity, Flow Rate, and Pressure 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Uniform Particle Motion 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Newton’s Resistance Law 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Stokes’s Law 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Settling Velocity and Mechanical Mobility 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Slip Correction Factor 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Nonspherical Particles 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Aerodynamic Diameter 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Settling at High Reynolds Numbers 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Stirred Settling 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Instruments that Rely on Settling Velocity 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 Appendix: Derivation of Stokes’s Law 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Particle Size Statistics 65\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Properties of Size Distributions 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Moment Averages 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Moment Distributions 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 The Lognormal Distribution 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Log-Probability Graphs 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 The Hatch-Choate Conversion Equations 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Statistical Accuracy 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Appendix 1: Distributions Applied to Particle Size 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 Appendix 2: Theoretical Basis for Aerosol Particle Size Distributions 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.10 Appendix 3: Derivation of the Hatch-Choate Equations 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Straight-Line Acceleration and Curvilinear Particle Motion 97\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Relaxation Time 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Straight-Line Particle Acceleration 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Stopping Distance 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Curvilinear Motion and Stokes Number 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Inertial Impaction 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Cascade Impactors 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Virtual Impactors 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Time-of-Flight Instruments 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Adhesion of Particles 121\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Adhesive Forces 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Detachment of Particles 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Resuspension 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Particle Bounce 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Brownian Motion and Diffusion 129\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Diffusion Coefficient 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Particle Mean Free Path 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Brownian Displacement 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Deposition by Diffusion 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Diffusion Batteries 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Thermal and Radiometric Forces 147\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Thermophoresis 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Thermal Precipitators 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Radiometric and Concentration Gradient Forces 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Filtration 157\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Macroscopic Properties of Filters 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Single-Fiber Efficiency 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Deposition Mechanisms 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Filter Efficiency 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Pressure Drop 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Membrane Filters 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Sampling and Measurement of Concentration 179\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Isokinetic Sampling 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Sampling from Still Air 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Transport Losses 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Measurement of Mass Concentration 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Direct-Reading Instruments 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Measurement of Number Concentration 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Sampling Pumps 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Respiratory Deposition 203\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 The Respiratory System 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Deposition 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Deposition Models 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Inhalability of Particles 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Respirable and Other Size-Selective Sampling 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Coagulation 227\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Simple Monodisperse Coagulation 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Polydisperse Coagulation 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Kinematic Coagulation 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Condensation and Evaporation 243\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Definitions 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Kelvin Effect 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Homogeneous Nucleation 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Growth by Condensation 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Nucleated Condensation 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Condensation Particle Counters 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Evaporation 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Atmospheric Aerosols 265\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Natural Background Aerosol 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Urban Aerosol 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Global Effects 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Electrical Properties 277\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Units 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Electric Fields 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Electrical Mobility 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Charging Mechanisms 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Corona Discharge 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Charge Limits 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Equilibrium Charge Distribution 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Electrostatic Precipitators 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Electrical Measurement of Aerosols 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Optical Properties 305\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Definitions 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Extinction 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Scattering 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Visibility 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Optical Measurement of Aerosols 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Bulk Motion of Aerosols 333\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Dust Explosions 339\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Bioaerosols 345\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Characteristics 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Sampling 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Microscopic Measurement of Particle Size 353\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Equivalent Sizes of Irregular Particles 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Fractal Dimension of Particles 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Optical Microscopy 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Electron Microscopy 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Asbestos Counting 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Automatic Sizing Methods 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Production of Test Aerosols 375\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Atomization of Liquids 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Atomization of Monodisperse Particles in Liquid Suspensions 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Dispersion of Powders 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Condensation Methods 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAppendices 391\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A1. Useful Constants and Conversion Factors 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A2. Some Basic Physical Laws 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A3. Relative Density of Common Aerosol Materials (Multiply Values by 1000 for Density in kg\/m 3 and by 1.0 for Density in g\/cm 3) 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A4. Standard Sieve Sizes 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A5. Properties of Gases and Vapors at 293 K [20 ∘ C] and 101 kPa [1 atm] 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A6. Viscosity and Density of Air versus Temperature 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A7. Pressure (a), Temperature (b), Density (c), and Mean Free Path (d) of air versus altitude 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A8. Properties of Water Vapor 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A9. Properties of Water 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A10. Particle Size Range of Aerosol Properties and Measurement Instruments: (a) Application Range for Aerosol Size Measuring Instruments and (b) Size Range of Aerosol Properties (See Also Fig. 1.6) 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A11. (a) Properties of Airborne Particles at Standard Conditions (SI Units) 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A12. Slip Correction Factor for Standard and Nonstandard Conditions: (a) Slip Correction Factor Minus One versus Particle Diameter and Standard Conditions; (b) Slip Correction Factor versus Particle Diameter Times Pressure (per atm) for Temperatures from 233 to 893K [–40 to 600 ∘ C] 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A13. Properties of Selected Low-Vapor-Pressure Liquids 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A14. Reference Values for Atmospheric Properties at Sea Level and 293.15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKi20 ∘ C] 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A15. Greek Symbols Used in This Book 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A16. SI Prefixes 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWilliam C. Hinds, ScD,\u003c\/b\u003e was Emeritus Professor in the Department of Environmental Health Sciences at the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health. His research studied aerosols and industrial control of airborne contaminants. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eYifang Zhu, PhD,\u003c\/b\u003e is Professor in the Department of Environmental Health Sciences at the UCLA Fielding School of Public Health. Her research focus is on air pollution, environmental exposure assessment, and aerosol science and technology.  \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAn in-depth and accessible treatment of aerosol theory and its applications\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Third Edition of \u003ci\u003eAerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles\u003c\/i\u003e delivers a thorough and authoritative exploration of modern aerosol theory and its applications. The book offers readers a working knowledge of the topic that reflects the numerous advances that have been made across a broad spectrum of aerosol-related application areas. New updates to the popular text include treatments of nanoparticles, the health effects of atmospheric aerosols, remote sensing, bioaerosols, and low-cost sensors. Additionally, readers will benefit from insightful new discussions of modern instruments. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe authors maintain a strong focus on the fundamentals of the discipline, while providing a robust overview of real-world applications of aerosol theory. New exercise problems and examples populate the book, which also includes: \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThorough introductions to aerosol technology, key definitions, particle size, shape, density, and concentration, as well as the properties of gases\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eComprehensive explorations of uniform particle motion, particle size statistics, and straight-line acceleration and curvilinear particle motion\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePractical discussions of particle adhesion, Brownian motion and diffusion, thermal and radiometric forces, and filtration\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIn-depth examinations of sampling and measurement of concentration, respiratory deposition, coagulation, condensation, evaporation, and atmospheric aerosols\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerfect for senior undergraduate and junior graduate students of science and technology, \u003ci\u003eAerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles\u003c\/i\u003e will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals working in industrial hygiene, air pollution control, climate science, radiation protection, and environmental science.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47988701167845,"sku":"NP9781119494041","price":119.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1842\/7735\/files\/9781119494041.jpg?v=1761781247","url":"https:\/\/k12savings.com\/es\/products\/aerosol-technology-isbn-9781119494041","provider":"K12savings","version":"1.0","type":"link"}