Physical Examination of the Newborn at a Glance

Everything you need to know about Physical Examination of the Newborn… at a Glance!

Physical Examination of the Newborn at a Glance provides clear and comprehensive guidance for all those involved with both routine neonatal examination and more specific full physical examinations. Throughout the book, readers are encouraged to critically assess their personal and practice standards relating to the examination of the newborn to promote effective and high-quality holistic care of the family unit.

The second edition of Physical Examination of the Newborn at a Glance is revised to reflect current practice and the Newborn Infant Physical Examination (NIPE) standards. New and expanded chapters address bed sharing, chromosomal abnormalities, neonatal adaptation, referral pathways, health promotion, issues encountered in professional practice, and more. This guide:

• Presents a thorough account of appropriate physical examination of the newborn
• Explores the theoretical and practical issues readers may experience in practice
• Integrates colourful images and text to appeal to visual and non-visual learners alike
• Includes multiple-choice questions and self-assessment exercises

Physical Examination of the Newborn at a Glance, Second Edition, remains a must-have study or revision guide for undergraduate midwifery and nursing students, newly qualified NIPE practitioners in need of a reliable quick-reference guide, and experienced professionals wanting to update their knowledge and understanding.

Preface x

Abbreviations xi

Part 1 Professional issues 1

Section 1 Professionalism

1 Public health screening and the neonate 2

2 Quality, standards, thresholds and audit 4

3 Documentation 6

4 Professionalism and leadership 8

5 Safeguarding 10

6 Health promotion: information for parents 12

7 Health promotion: additional information for students and practitioners 16

Section 2 Communication skills

8 Communication during the examination 18

9 Communicating concerns to parents 20

Part 2 Neonatal physiology and pathophysiology 23

Section 3 Adaptation

10 Adaptation to neonatal life: in utero 24

11 Adaptation to neonatal life at birth: further insight 26

12 Thermoregulation, cold stress and hypothermia 28

Section 4 Emergency management

13 Resuscitation of the newborn 30

14 Neonatal hypoglycaemia 34

Section 5 Jaundice

15 Physiological jaundice 36

16 Pathological jaundice 40

Section 6 Disorders

17 Metabolic disorders 42

18 Jitteriness, seizures and hypotonia 44

19 Congenital infection and neonatal sepsis 46

20 Anaemia and polycythaemia 48

21 Genetics and inheritance 50

22 Syndromes and signs 52

Section 7 Birth complications

23 Intrapartum trauma and injury 54

Part 3 Allied assessments 57

Section 8 Routine care

24 Initial examination at birth: overview 58

25 Daily examination of the newborn: overview 60

26 Newborn blood spot screening 62

27 Hearing screening 64

Part 4 Prior to the physical examination 67

Section 9 Examiner self awareness

28 Preparing to examine 68

29 Infection control 70

Section 10 History awareness

30 Relevant history and risk factors 72

31 Feeding 74

32 Excretion 76

Part 5 Top- to- toe physical examination 79

Section 11 Broad assessment

33 Newborn and infant physical examination: overview 80

34 Neurological assessment: overview 82

35 Reflexes 84

36 Common skin conditions 86

37 Atypical skin conditions 88

Section 12 Head and neck

38 Head 90

39 Facies 92

40 Eyes 94

41 Mouth 98

42 Neck and clavicles 100

Section 13 Upper body

43 Chest 102

44 Cardiovascular assessment 104

45 Respiratory assessment and hypoxia 106

46 Upper limbs and hands 108

47 Abdomen 110

48 Back, spine, buttocks and anus 112

Section 14 Pelvis and lower body

49 Developmental dysplasia of the hips 114

50 Genitalia: female 118

51 Genitalia: male 120

52 Lower limbs and feet 122

Part 6 Revision and self- assessment 125

Section 15 Revision activities: crosswords and multiple-choice questions

53 Self-test crosswords 126

54 Self-test multiple-choice questions 128

55 Self-test crosswords and multiple-choice questions: answers 129

Section 16 Self-assessment: professional reflection

56 Professional reflection: knowledge and insight 130

References 131

Index 135

Evelyn Dolby, Senior Lecturer in Midwifery, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK, and Senior Lecturer in Midwifery, Anglia Ruskin University, Northampton, UK.

Denise ‘Dee’ Campbell, Retired Principal Lecturer and Programme Lead in Midwifery, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.

The market‐leading at a Glance series is popular among healthcare students and newly qualified practitioners for its concise, simple approach and excellent illustrations.

Each bite‐sized chapter is covered in a double‐page spread with clear, easy‐to‐follow diagrams, supported by succinct explanatory text.

Covering a wide range of topics, books in the at a Glance series are ideal as introductory texts for teaching, learning and revision, and are useful throughout university and beyond.

Everything you need to know about Physical Examination of the Newborn… at a Glance!

Physical Examination of the Newborn at a Glance provides clear and comprehensive guidance for all those involved with both routine neonatal examination and more specific full physical examinations. Throughout the book, readers are encouraged to critically assess their personal and practice standards relating to the examination of the newborn to promote effective and high-quality holistic care of the family unit.

The second edition of Physical Examination of the Newborn at a Glance is revised to reflect current practice and the Newborn Infant Physical Examination (NIPE) standards. New and expanded chapters address bed sharing, chromosomal abnormalities, neonatal adaptation, referral pathways, health promotion, issues encountered in professional practice, and more. This guide:

• Presents a thorough account of appropriate physical examination of the newborn
• Explores the theoretical and practical issues readers may experience in practice
• Integrates colourful images and text to appeal to visual and non-visual learners alike
• Includes multiple-choice questions and self-assessment exercises

Physical Examination of the Newborn at a Glance, Second Edition, remains a must-have study or revision guide for undergraduate midwifery and nursing students, newly qualified NIPE practitioners in need of a reliable quick-reference guide, and experienced professionals wanting to update their knowledge and understanding.