Oxidative Stress in Vertebrates and Invertebrates

This volume presents a unique comparative treatment of the role oxidative stress plays in vertebrates and invertebrates in multiple organ systems with regards to cell death, development, aging, and human diseases, and anti-oxidant therapy. It offers comprehensive reviews of the current understanding of oxidative stress-mediated physiology and pathology as well as directions for future research. It also provides current information on the role of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and various types of cancer mediated by oxidative stress. PREFACE xi
Tahira Farooqui and Akhlaq A. Farooqui

FOREWORD xiii
Grace Y. Sun

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xv
Tahira Farooqui and Akhlaq A. Farooqui

CONTRIBUTORS xvii

PART I OXIDATIVE STRESS IN VERTEBRATES

1 Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Brain: Signaling for Neural Cell Survival or Suicide 3
Akhlaq A. Farooqui

2 Free Radicals, Signal Transduction, and Human Disease 17
Klaudia Jomova and Marian Valko

3 Oxidative Stress and its Biochemical Consequences in Mitochondrial DNA Mutation-Associated Diseases: Implications of Redox Therapy for Mitochondrial Diseases 33
Shi-Bei Wu, Yu-Ting Wu, Yi-Shing Ma, and Yau-Huei Wei

4 Oxidative Stress in Kainic Acid Neurotoxicity: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Neurotraumatic and Neurodegenerative Diseases 51
Akhlaq A. Farooqui

5 Survival Strategy and Disease Pathogenesis According to the Nrf2-Small Maf Heterodimer 63
Masanobu Morita and Hozumi Motohashi

6 Caloric Restriction and Oxidative Stress 83
Jan Škrha

7 Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Contribution of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation 103
Tahira Farooqui and Akhlaq A. Farooqui

8 Neurosteroids in Oxidative Stress-Mediated Injury in Alzheimer Disease 117
Amandine Grimm, Ayikoe Guy Mensah-Nyagan, and Anne Eckert

9 Oxidative Stress in Adult Neurogenesis and in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer Disease 129
Philippe Taupin

10 Oxidative Stress and Parkinson Disease 139
Kah-Leong Lim, Doyle Graham, and Xiao-Hui Ng

11 Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases 153
Michael E. Andrades and Rodrigo Lorenzi

12 Oxidative Stress and Aging: A Comparison between Vertebrates and Invertebrates 167
Syed Ibrahim Rizvi and Kanti Bhooshan Pandey

13 Oxidative Stress-Mediated Signaling Pathways by Environmental Stressors 175
Hideko Sone and Hiromi Akanuma

14 Selenoproteins in Cellular Redox Regulation and Signaling 195
Arjun V. Raman and Marla J. Berry

15 Antioxidant Therapy and its Effectiveness in Oxidative Stress-Mediated Disorders 209
Tommaso Iannitti and Beniamino Palmieri

16 The Protective Role of Grape Seed Polyphenols Against Oxidative Stress in Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases 235
Giulio Maria Pasinetti

17 Pharmacological and Therapeutic Properties of Propolis (Bee Glue) 245
Kandangath Raghavan Anilakumar, Farhath Khanum, and Amarinder Singh Bawa

PART II OXIDATIVE STRESS IN INVERTEBRATES

18 Endocrine Control of Oxidative Stress in Insects 261
Natraj Krishnan and Dalibor Kodri´k

19 Oxidative Stress in the Airway System of the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster 271
Thomas Roeder

20 Molecular Mechanisms of Antioxidant Protective Processes in Honeybee Apis mellifera 279
Alexey G. Nikolenko, Elena S. Saltykova, and Louisa R. Gaifullina

21 Molecular Basis of Iron-induced Oxidative Stress in the Honeybee Brain: A Potential Model System of Olfactory Dysfunction in Neurological Diseases 295
Tahira Farooqui

22 Modulation of Oxidative Stress by Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling in Drosophila: Implications for Human Diseases 309
Gerasimos P. Sykiotis, M. Mahidur Rahman, and Dirk Bohmann

23 Orchestration of Oxidative Stress Responses in Drosophila melanogaster: A Promoter Analysis Study of Circadian Regulatory Motifs 327
Kuntol Rakshit and Natraj Krishnan

24 The Protective Role of Sestrins Against Chronic TOR Activation and Oxidative Stress 337
Jun Hee Lee and Ethan Bier

25 Current Advances in the Studies of Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Memory Impairment in C. elegans 347
Shin Murakami, Kelly Cabana, and Danielle Anderson

26 Oxidative Challenge and Redox Sensing in Mollusks: Effects of Natural and Anthropic Stressors 361
Julie Letendre, Franc¸ois Leboulenger, and Fabrice Durand

27 Perspective and Directions for Future Studies 377
Tahira Farooqui and Akhlaq A. Farooqui

INDEX 385

TAHIRA FAROOQUI has published extensively on drug receptor interactions, biogenic amines in vertebrate and invertebrate nervous systems, glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism, and molecular mechanisms in the brain, as well as on the neuromodulatory role of octopamine in the reinforcement pathway involved in olfactory learning and memory.

AKHLAQ A. FAROOQUI is a leader in the fields of signal transduction, brain phospholipase A2, bioactive ether lipid metabolism, and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, among others. Farooqui has published on the generation and identification of glycerophospholipid-, sphingolipid-, and cholesterol-derived lipid mediators in kainic acid-mediated neurotoxicity by lipidomics.

Unique comparative treatment of oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in vertebrates and invertebrates

In one expertly edited and organized volume, Oxidative Stress in Vertebrates and Invertebrates brings together and analyzes the latest research findings in the field in order to present our current state of knowledge. The text bridges the gap between basic science and clinical studies, making it possible for readers to apply basic science to better understand and manage chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress. Moreover, it provides a unique comparative treatment of oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in vertebrates and invertebrates, examining basic mechanisms, biomarkers, and oxidative stress-mediated chronic diseases.

Featuring contributions from leading experts in oxidative stress-mediated cell signaling, the text is divided into two sections.

Part I, Oxidative Stress in Vertebrate Systems, explores such topics as:

• Generation of reactive oxygen species and their role in cell survival and suicide

• Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease

• Comparison of oxidative stress in aging between vertebrates and invertebrates

Part II, Oxidative Stress in Invertebrate Systems, explores such topics as:

• Effect of oxidative stress on insect endocrine control

• Innate immune system in airway epithelial cells of Drosophila

• Oxidative challenge and redox sensing in molluscs

The final chapter provides a perspective on emerging research and directions for future investigations. Throughout the text, readers will find plenty of figures and line drawings of signal transduction pathways that illustrate key concepts and processes. Extensive references to the primary literature plus a bibliography facilitate further research into each topic.

This text is recommended for biochemists, neuropharmacologists, toxicologists, and clinicians who need a state-of-the-science understanding of the mechanisms of oxidative stress in vertebrate and invertebrate systems.