Environmental Analysis of Contaminated Sites

Bioremediation is a process applied to restore contaminated sites using biological tools. The success or failure of this process usually depends on an understanding of the biotechnological process as
well as the strengths and weaknesses of the ecotoxicological tools used for its evaluation.

This useful book offers a unique treatment of the subject, linking soil ecotoxicity tests, bioremediation and environmental risk assessment. It also, describes the inter-relationships between the laboratory and field ecotoxicologist, the biotechnology consultant and different international environmental regulatory agencies and explains how they seek to achieve a successful evaluation of contaminated site restoration.Die Bioremediation ist ein Verfahren, bei dem biologische Verfahren eingesetzt werden, um industrielle Schadstoffe in verschiedenen Ökosystemen wieder in den natürlichen Stoffkreislauf zurückzuführen. Ob die Bioremediation erfolgreich ist oder nicht, hängt entscheidend vom Verständnis des biotechnologischen Prozesses und von den Stärken und Schwächen der eingesetzten ökotoxikologischen Verfahren ab. "Environmental Analysis of Contaminated Sites" diskutiert umweltanalytische Verfahren und Methoden zur Bewertung der erfolgreichen Sanierung kontaminierter Bodensysteme. Ein nützlicher Leitfaden, der diese komplexe Thematik umfassend behandelt, indem er Ökotoxizitätstests für den Bodenschutz, die Bioremediation und die Risikobewertung der Umweltgefährdung miteinander verbindet. Darüber hinaus beschreibt er das Zusammenwirken von ökotoxikologischer Labor- und Felduntersuchung, Biotechnologie Consultants und verschiedenen internationalen Umweltkontrollbehörden und erklärt, wie sie gemeinsam an einer erfolgreichen Auswertung sanierter Umweltsysteme arbeiten. Mit zahlreichen Fallstudien zu erfolgreichen und gescheiterten Projekten. List of contributors

Series foreword

Editors' Preface

Abbreviations

Part 1 Ecotoxicity Tools and Novel Approaches

1. Introduction (A.Y. Renoux and G.I. Sunahara)

2. Sample Handling and Preparation for Estimation of Mobility, Bioavailablity and Toxicity of Contaminants in Soils (G.J. Zagury et al)

3. Toxicity Tests for Assessing Contaminated Soils and Ground Water (G.L. Stephenson et al)

4. Multispecies and Multiprocess Assays to Assess the Effects of Chemicals on Contaminated Sites (R. Kuperman et al)

5. Genotoxicity Analysis of Contaminated Environmental Media (S.S. Garcia and K.C. Donnelly)

6. Challenges and Approaches for Identifying Carcinogens in Contaminated Media (L.D. Claxton and S.E. George)

7. Soil Biomarkers (Invertebrates and Microbes) for Assessing Site Toxicity (C.Svendsen et al)

8. Xenobiotic Impacts on Plants and Biomarkers of Contaminant Phytotoxicity (B.M. Greenberg)

9. Use of Biomarkers of Exposure and Vertebrate Tissue Residues in the Hazard Characterization of PCBs at Contaminated Sites -
Application to Birds and Mammals (A.L. Blankenship and J.P. Giesy)

10. Ecotoxicological Approaches in the Field (J. Römbke and J. Notenboom)

Part 2 Risk Assessment Approaches to Contaminated Sites

11. Introduction (C. Thellen and C.L. Gaudet)

12. Risk-based Assessment of Soil Contamination: Generic versus Site-specific Approaches (C.L. Gaudet et al)

13. Ecological Effects-based Soil Guidelines: Case Studies from The Netherlands and Canada (S. Ouellet et al)

14. Risk-based Remediation Approach: Critical Review and Implications (J-P. Tré panier et al)

15. Application Requirements for ERA of Contaminated Sites (L. Martel et al)

16. The Evolution of Ecological Risk Assessment During the 1990s: Challenges and Opportunities (C.A. Menzie)

Part 3 Case Studies showing Applications of Toxicological and Ecotoxicological Risk Methods to Contaminated Sites and Remediation Technologies Management

17. Introduction (A. Pilon)

18. New Dutch Policy on the Remediation of Soil -
Balancing Human Health and Ecological Risks, Land Use and Mediation Costs: Two Case Studeis (E. Elkenbracht et al)

19. Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment of an Explosives-contaminated Site (P.Y. Robidoux et al)

20. Influence of Soil Remediation Techniques on the Bioavailability of Heavy Metals (C.A.M. van Gestel et al)

21. Contaminated Sites Redevelopment Using the Risk Assessment/Risk Management Approach: The Montreal Experience (C. Guay and S. Barbeau)

22. Einvironmental Fate and Human Exposure Modeling of the Residual TPH Contamination in a Bioremediated Petroleum Storage Site (S. Loranger et al)

23. An Application of Risk-based Corrective Action (Atlantic RBCA) for the Management of Two Sites Impacted with Residual Hydrocarbons in Groundwater (C. Chamberland et al)

Part 4 Closing Remarks

24. Closing Remarks (G.I. Sunahara et al)

Index "Presents scientific and theoretical approaches to the evaluation and restoration of contaminated sites." (SciTech Book News, Vol. 26, No. 2, June 2002)

"...essential to the libraries of...professionals as they provide real world analysis of the issues and applications to allow them to perform their jobs better." (Chemical Health and Safety, Vol. 10, No. 1, January/February 2003)

"...The book will be essential reading for all those involved in land or water reclamation, regulators, environmental consultants and industrial ecotoxicologists. (Int Jnl of Environmental Analysitcal Chemistry, Vol.82, No.10, 2003)

"...It is a clearly written and authoritative book that will be of great value to students , regulators and consultants alike." (Journal of Applied Toxicology, March-April 2003)

"I fully agree with the comments made by the editors?that sponsored this book: 'This is a book that everyone involved in development of contaminated sites should read...'" (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2003)

Geoffrey I. Sunahara is the editor of Environmental Analysis of Contaminated Sites, published by Wiley.

Agnès Y. Renoux is the editor of Environmental Analysis of Contaminated Sites, published by Wiley.

Claude Thellen is the editor of Environmental Analysis of Contaminated Sites, published by Wiley.

Connie L. Gaudet is the editor of Environmental Analysis of Contaminated Sites, published by Wiley.

Adrien Pilon is the editor of Environmental Analysis of Contaminated Sites, published by Wiley.

Scientific evaluation of the restoration of contaminated sites represents a major challenge to the field of environmental risk assessment. The success or failure of contaminated site restoration often depends on a good understanding of the biological processes, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the ecotoxicological tools used for its evaluation.

This book assesses the current approaches, using case studies to illustrate key points. It describes the inter-relationship between the laboratory and field ecotoxicologist, the contaminated site risk assessor and various international environmental regulatory agencies. This will improve communications amongst these groups, leading to better evaluation of contaminated site restoration.

This book will be essential reading for all those involved in land or water reclamation: regulators, environmental consultants and industrial eco-toxicologists. It will also be an excellent reference source for graduates and postgraduates studying bioremediation or environmental risk assessment.