The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition

The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition presents an integrated discussion of key, and sometimes controversial, issues in second language acquisition research.

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• Discusses the biological and cognitive underpinnings of SLA, mechanisms, processes, and constraints on SLA, the level of ultimate attainment, research methods, and the status of SLA as a cognitive science.
  
• Includes contributions from twenty-seven of the world's leading scholars.
  
• Provides an invaluable resource for all students and scholars of human cognition, including those in linguistics, psychology, applied linguistics, ESL, foreign languages, and cognitive science.

List of Contributors viii

Acknowledgments x

I Overview 1

1 The Scope of Inquiry and Goals of SLA 3
Catherine J. Doughty and Michael H. Long

II Capacity and Representation 17

2 On the Nature of Interlanguage Representation: Universal Grammar in the Second Language 19
Lydia White

3 The Radical Middle: Nativism without Universal Grammar 43
William O’Grady

4 Constructions, Chunking, and Connectionism: The Emergence of Second Language Structure 63
Nick C. Ellis

5 Cognitive Processes in Second Language Learners and Bilinguals: The Development of Lexical and Conceptual Representations 104
Judith F. Kroll and Gretchen Sunderman

6 Near-Nativeness 130
Antonella Sorace

III Environments for Sla 153

7 Language Socialization in SLA 155
Karen Ann Watson-Gegeo and Sarah Nielsen

8 Social Context 178
Jeff Siegel

9 Input and Interaction 224
Susan M. Gass

10 Instructed SLA: Constraints, Compensation, and Enhancement 256
Catherine J. Doughty

IV Processes in Sla 311

11 Implicit and Explicit Learning 313
Robert DeKeyser

12 Incidental and Intentional Learning 349
Jan H. Hulstijn

13 Automaticity and Second Languages 382
Norman Segalowitz

14 Variation 409
Suzanne Romaine

15 Cross-Linguistic Influence 436
Terence Odlin

16 Stabilization and Fossilization in Interlanguage Development 487
Michael H. Long

V Biological and Psychological Constraints 537

17 Maturational Constraints in SLA 539
Kenneth Hyltenstam and Niclas Abrahamsson

18 Individual Differences in Second Language Learning 589
Zoltán Dörnyei and Peter Skehan

19 Attention and Memory during SLA 631
Peter Robinson

20 Language Processing Capacity 679
Manfred Pienemann

VI Research Methods 715

21 Defining and Measuring SLA 717
John Norris and Lourdes Ortega

22 Data Collection in SLA Research 762
Craig Chaudron

VII The State of Sla 829

23 SLA Theory: Construction and Assessment 831
Kevin R. Gregg

24 SLA and Cognitive Science 866
Michael H. Long and Catherine J. Doughty

Index 871

"Catherine Doughty and Michael Long have emerged as two of the most knowledgeable, authoritative, and sanest voices in the current contentious debates over truth claims in second language acquisition. Their stewardship of the chapters in this volume – and authorship of two articles plus an overview and an interesting afterword that treats SLA as cognitive science – has produced some very strong critical summaries of several central ideas in these debates. The range and depth of many of the chapters is great and I have learned much from revisiting subjects I thought I knew well, such as transfer, fossilization, and individual variation." Larry Selinker, New York University

"Arguing that SLA research should be viewed as a branch of cognitive science, the editors have served up a feast for, and about, the mind. This Handbook will be read, consulted, and referred to again and again." Diane Larsen-Freeman, University of Michigan

"The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition lives up to its name: it provides a remarkable overview of the field, whose future the editors intelligently advocate to be an integral constituent of cognitive science. A rainbow of topics and theoretical stances promises much stimulation to a wide readership. The volume will no doubt serve as a highly appreciated resource for novice and expert alike." Bonnie D. Schwartz, University of Hawaii

"Highly recommended." Choice

Catherine J. Doughty is Associate Research Director for SLA at the Center for the Advanced Study of Language at the University of Maryland.

Michael H. Long is Professor of SLA and Director of the School of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures at the University of Maryland.

The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition presents an integrated discussion of key, and sometimes controversial, issues in second language acquisition (SLA) research.

Written by 27 of the world’s leading scholars, the chapters reflect the diversity and technicality that have come to characterize SLA research. Topics discussed include the biological and cognitive underpinnings of SLA; mechanisms, processes, and constraints on SLA; the level of ultimate attainment; research methods; and the status of SLA as a cognitive science.

This volume is an invaluable resource for all students and scholars of human cognition, including those in linguistics, psychology, applied linguistics, ESL, foreign languages, and cognitive science.