Physics of Functional Materials

Written by academics with more than 30 years experience teaching physics and material science, this book will act as a one-stop reference on functional materials. Offering a complete coverage of functional materials, this unique book deals with all three states of the material, providing an insightful overview of this subject not before seen in other texts.

• Includes solved examples, a number of exercises and answers to the exercises.
• Aims to promote understanding of the subject as a basis for higher studies.
• The use of mathematically complicated quantum mechanical equations will be minimized to aid understanding.

For Instructors & Students:

Visit http://eu.he.wiley.com/WileyCDA/HigherEdTitle/productCd-0470517581.html for:

• Supplements
• Online Resources
• Technology Solutions

Preface.

1. Structures of Melts and Solids.

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 X-ray Analysis.

1.3 The Hard Sphere Model of Atoms.

1.4 Crystal Structure.

1.5 Crystal Structures of Solid Metals.

1.6 Crystal Defects in Pure Metals.

1.7 Structures of Alloy Melts and Solids.

Summary.

Exercises.

2. Theory of Atoms and Molecules.

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 The Bohr Model of Atomic Structure.

2.3 The Quantum Mechanical Model of Atomic Structure.

2.4 Solution of the Schrödinger Equation for Atoms.

2.5 Quantum Mechanics and Probability. Selection Rules.

2.6 The Quantum Mechanical Model of Molecular Structure.

2.7 Diatomic Molecules.

2.8 Polyatomic Molecules.

Summary.

Exercises.

3. Theory of Solids.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Bonds in Molecules and Solids. Some Definitions.

3.3 Bonds in Molecules and Non-Metallic Solids.

3.4 Metallic Bonds.

3.5 Band Theory of Solids.

3.6 Elastic Vibrations in Solids.

3.7 Influence of Lattice Defects on Electronic Structures in Crystals.

Summary.

Exercises.

4. Properties of Gases.

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Kinetic Theory of Gases.

4.3 Energy Distribution in Particle Systems. Maxwell-Boltzmann´s Distribution Law.

4.4 Gas Laws.

4.5 Heat Capacity.

4.6 Mean Free Path.

4.7 Viscosity.

4.8 Thermal Conduction.

4.9 Diffusion.

4.10 Molecular Sizes.

4.11 Properties of Gas Mixtures.

4.12 Plasma – The Fourth State of Matter.

Summary.

Exercises.

5. Transformation Kinetics: Diffusion in Solids.

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Thermodynamics.

5.3 Transformation Kinetics.

5.4 Reaction Rates.

5.5 Kinetics of Homogeneous Reactions in Gases.

5.6 Diffusion in Solids.

Summary.

Exercises.

6. Mechanical, Thermal and Magnetic Properties of Solids.

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Total Energy of Metallic Crystals.

6.3 Elasticity and Compressibility.

6.4 Expansion.

6.5 Heat Capacity.

6.6 Magnetism.

Summary.

Exercises.

7. Transport Properties of Solids. Optical Properties of Solids.

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 Thermal Conduction.

7.3 Electrical Conduction.

7.4 Metallic Conductors.

7.5 Insulators.

7.6 Semiconductors.

7.7 Optical Properties of Solids.

Summary.

Exercises.

8 Properties of Liquids and Melts.

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 X-ray Spectra of Liquids and Melts.

8.3 Models of Pure Liquids and Melts.

8.4 Melting Points of Solid Metals.

8.5 Density and Volume.

8.6 Thermal Expansion.

8.7 Heat Capacity.

8.8 Transport Properties of Liquids.

8.9 Diffusion.

8.10 Viscosity.

8.11 Thermal Conduction.

8.12 Electrical Conduction.

Summary.

Exercises

Answers to Exercises.

Index.

Hasse Fredriksson is professor in the casting of metals in the Department of Materials Science at KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, in Stockholm, (Sweden). He was educated at KTH gaining a Master of Science in 1966 and he received his doctorate of science in 1971 in physical metallurgy. Since 1975, he has been responsible for research and education in the field of casting and solidification of metals at KTH. The aim of the research in the group is to experimentally, theoretically and/or numerically describe solidification processes. The group has published over 200 international scientific papers.

Dr Ulla Akerlind is Docent in Physics at the University of Stockholm. She has extensive experience of teaching at university level and writing textbooks at university and college level. Dr Akerlind has been a guest lecturer on summer courses in physics in the US and an exchange teacher in physics at the University of Surrey in 1984. The field of material science encompasses elements of metallurgy, chemistry, physics, engineering and nanoscience. One of the main aims of material science is to understand materials fundamentally so that new materials with tailored properties can be created. thus, education in material science needs to involve the field of traditional material physics.

This textbook provides an excellent introduction to the physics of functional materials with solved examples in the text and exercises for students at the end of each chapter as well as answers to all the exercises at the end of the book. Solutions to the exercises can also be downloaded from www.wile.com.

Topics covered are:

• Structures of Melts and Solids
• Theory of Atoms and Molecules
• Theory of Solids
• Properties of Gases
• Transformation Kinetics. Diffusion in Solids
• Mechanical, Thermal and Magnetic Properties of Solids
• Transport Properties of Solids. Optical Properties of Solids
• Properties of Liquids and Melts

This book is suitable for students of various sciences at the upper undergraduate an postgraduate level. Examples of such sciences are materials science, chemistry, metallurgy and many other scientific and technical fields where a basic knowledge of the foundations of modern physics and/or properties of materials is necessary or desirable as a basis and a background for higher studies. it is also valuable supplementary reading for engineers who work with problems relating to the field of material science and engineers who work with computer analysis of problems in this field.