Continuous Monitoring for Hazardous Material Releases

Whether occurring accidentally or through acts of terrorism, catastrophic chemical releases must be identified early in order to mitigate their consequences. Continuous sensor monitoring can detect catastrophic chemical releases early enough to curb extreme amounts of damage. In several notable instances, such monitors have not been used appropriately, or have fallen short of what they should have been capable of delivering. This book provides the technical background and guidance needed to get the most from this emerging technique and details the essentials of preparing any workplace from falling victim to a gas-leak catastrophe. 1. Introduction.

1.1 Purpose.

1.2 Scope.

1.3 Who Will Benefit from this Guideline?

2. Management.

2.1 Management Overview.

2.2 Why Do We Use Gas Detectors?

2.3 What Do We Want to Detect?

2.4 What Actions Do We Expect to Undertake in the Event of a Release?

2.5 How Much Should We Spend on Detection?

3. Determining Where Gas Detection May or May Not be Beneficial.

3.1 Assessing Where Gas Detection may be Beneficial.

3.2 Situations Where Other Technologies May be More Beneficial.

3.3 Situations Where Gas Detection Is Recommended by Consensus.

or Mandated By Law.

3.4 Situations Where Toxic Gas Detection May be Beneficial.

3.5 Situations Where Combustible Detection May be Beneficial.

3.6 Example Applications of the Continuous Monitoring System.

3.7 References.

3.8 Glossary.

4. Sensor Technology.

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Description of Gases and Vapors.

4.3 Available Sensors and How they Work.

4.4 Factors to Consider when Choosing a Sensor.

4.5 Sensor Performance Variables.

4.6 References.

4.7 Glossary.

5. Approaches to Detector Placement and Configuration.

5.1 General Guidance for Detector Placement and Configuration.

5.2 General Guidance for Toxic Gas Detection.

5.3 General Guidance for Flammable Detection.

5.4 Detector Placement for Source Monitoring.

5.5 Detector Placement for Volumetric Monitoring.

5.6 Detector Placement for Enclosure Monitoring.

5.7 Detector Placement for Path of Travel and Target Receptor Monitoring.

5.8 Detector Placement for Perimeter Monitoring.

5.9 Detector Set Points and Monitoring.

6. Overall System Management - Commissioning, Testing, and Maintenance.

6.1 Summary.

6.2 Training.

6.3 Documentation.

6.4 Maintenance.

6.5 Establish a Good Relationship with the Local Authority-Having Jurisdiction (AHJ.

6.6 Change Management.

Since 1985, the Center For Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) has been the world leader in developing and disseminating information on process safety management and technology. CCPS, an industry technology alliance of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), has published over eighty books in its process safety guidelines and process safety concepts series.

Continuous Monitoring for Hazardous Material Releases

The definitive overview of catastrophic release monitoring systems

Whether occurring accidentally or through acts of terrorism, catastrophic chemical releases must be identified early in order to mitigate their consequences. Done correctly, continuous sensor monitoring can detect such releases early enough to curb extensive damage. Continuous Monitoring for Hazardous Material Releases details how to properly utilize this emerging technique to ensure the highest level of safety for a variety of sites.

Written to help today's facility effectively deploy and operate its detection system, whether existing or new, this guide covers:

• Available gas sensors, including basic descriptions of how each type works, their capabilities and limitations
• Establishing objectives for gas detection systems and incorporating them into existing operating and emergency procedures
• Placing gas detectors to maximize detection success
• Managing gas detection system design, alarm, and operating parameters
• Case studies illustrating successes and failures with concrete examples

The definitive overview of catastrophic release monitoring systems, Continuous Monitoring for Hazardous Material Releases provides an essential resource for process safety and loss prevention professionals in industry, academia, and government.

Since 1985, the Center For Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) has been the world leader in developing and disseminating information on process safety management and technology. CCPS, an industry technology alliance of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), has published over eighty books in its process safety guidelines and process safety concepts series.

Founded in 1939, the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) is one of the largest international associations serving the needs of occupational and environmental health professionals practicing industrial hygiene in industry, government, labor, academic institutions, and independent organizations.