Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology, Volume 77

This book covers important advances in enzymology, explaining the behavior of enzymes and how they can be utilized to develop novel drugs, synthesize known and novel compounds, and understand evolutionary processes. Contributors.

Preface.

Structure and Mechanism of RND-Type Multidrug Efflux Pumps (Hiroshi Nikaido).

Efflux Pumps of Gram-Negative Bacteria: Genetic Responses to Stress and the Modulation of Their Activity by pH, Inhibitors, and Phenothiazines (Leonard Amaral, Seamus Fanning, and Jean-Marie Pagès).

Efflux Pumps of the Resistance–Nodulation–Division Family: A Perspective of Their Structure, Function, and Regulation in Gram-Negative Bacteria (Mathew D. Routh, Yaramah Zalucki, Chih-Chia Su, Feng Long, Qijing Zhang, William M. Shafer, and Edward W. Yu).

The MFS Efflux Proteins of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria (Massoud Saidijam, Kim E. Bettaney, Dong Leng, Pikyee Ma, Zhiqiang Xu, Jeffrey N. Keen, Nicholas G. Rutherford, Alison Ward, Peter J. F. Henderson, Gerda Szakonyi, Qinghu Ren, Ian T. Paulsen, Ingerid Nes, Jasmin K. Kroeger, and Anne-Brit Kolsto).

Efflux Pumps as an Important Mechanism for Quinolone Resistance (Jordi Vila, Anna Fabrega, Ignasi Roca, Alvaro Hernandez, and Jose Luis Martinez).

Xenobiotic Efflux in Bacteria and Fungi: A Genomics Update (Ravi D. Barabote, Jose Thekkiniath, Richard E. Strauss, Govindsamy Vediyappan, Joe A. Fralick, and Michael J. San Francisco).

A Survey of Oxidative Paracatalytic Reactions Catalyzed by Enzymes That Generate Carbanionic Intermediates: Implications for ROS Production, Cancer Etiology, and Neurodegenerative Diseases (Victoria I. Bunik, John V. Schloss, John T. Pinto, Natalia Dudareva, and Arthur J. L. Cooper).

Author Index.

Subject Index.

"With its discussion of current concepts of the biochemical basis of antibiotic resistance and its impact on modern medicine, this book will appeal to students, researchers, scientists, and clinicians interested in the areas of enzymology and mechanism of bacterial resistance." (Doody's, 26 August 2011)

Eric J. Toone, PhD, is Professor of Chemistry and Professor of Biochemistry at Duke University. He holds numerous patents and has written extensively on physical organic and biophysical chemistry. Professor Toone has served as a member of the Bioorganic and Natural Products Study Section at the National Institutes of Health, and is currently a member of the NSERC Organic & Inorganic Review panel (Canada). Professor Toone is also the Deputy Director for Technology for the Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy (ARPA-E) of the Department of Energy and directs the ARPA-E's Electrofuels program. Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology is a seminal series in the field of biochemistry, offering researchers access to authoritative reviews of the latest discoveries in all areas of enzymology and molecular biology. These landmark volumes date back to 1941, providing an unrivaled view of the historical development of enzymology. The series offers researchers the latest understanding of enzymes, their mechanisms, reactions and evolution, roles in complex biological processes, and their applications in both the laboratory and industry.

Each volume in the series features contributions from leading pioneers and investigators in the field from around the world. All articles are carefully edited to ensure thoroughness, quality, and readability.

Volume 77 focuses on the most recent advances in the field of practical preparative enzymology. Enzymes have long been recognized and utilized for the preparation of specialty chemicals, and enzymatic resolution and desymmetrization are mainstays of the fine chemical industry. Today, some of the most intriguing enzymatic synthetic approaches involve the construction of complex pathways within cells to prepare molecules much more complex than those that can be reasonably developed in cell-free applications; this volume considers some of those processes. Koffas and coworkers provide an overview of the construction of complex biosynthetic pathways for the preparation of a variety of both fine and commodity chemicals, including biofuels. The development of highly efficient pathways involves a combination of rational design and, increasingly, evolutionary approaches, and Schmidt-Dannert reviews the use of evolutionary strategies in synthetic biology. Glycosylation of myriad biologically active species impacts both in vivo activity and ADME behavior. The addition of carbohydrate moieties to complex organic molecules represents a daunting synthetic challenge, and Williams and Thorson review the various strategies for enzymatic glycosylation of complex natural products. Finally, Pimkin and Markham review the structure, activity, and mechanism of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, a central enzyme of purine biosynthesis.

With its wide range of topics and long historical pedigree, Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology can be used not only by students and researchers in molecular biology, biochemistry, and enzymology, but also by any scientist interested in the discovery of an enzyme, its properties, and its applications.