A Companion to Science, Technology, and Medicine in Ancient Greece and Rome, 2 Volume Set

A Companion to Science, Technology, and Medicine in Ancient Greece and Rome brings a fresh perspective to the study of these disciplines in the ancient world, with 60 chapters examining these topics from a variety of critical and technical perspectives.

• Brings a fresh perspective to the study of science, technology, and medicine in the ancient world, with 60 chapters examining these topics from a variety of critical and technical perspectives
• Begins coverage in 600 BCE and includes sections on the later Roman Empire and beyond, featuring discussion of the transmission and reception of these ideas into the Renaissance
• Investigates key disciplines, concepts, and movements in ancient science, technology, and medicine within the historical, cultural, and philosophical contexts of Greek and Roman society
• Organizes its content in two halves: the first focuses on mathematical and natural sciences; the second focuses on cultural applications and interdisciplinary themes

2 Volumes

A Companion to Science, Technology, and Medicine in Ancient Greece and Rome beleuchtet diese Fachgebiete der Antike aus einer ganz neuen Perspektive und untersucht in 60 Kapiteln diese Disziplinen vielfaltig kritisch und aus technischer Sicht.
- Erhaltlich als zweibandige Printausgabe oder als Online-Version.
- Behandelt die Zeit ab 600 vor Christus, beinhaltet Kapitel zum spateren romischen Reich und den Jahrhunderten danach und diskutiert Ubergang und Rezeption der Ideen im Zeitalter der Renaissance.
- Untersucht Schlusseldisziplinen, Konzepte und Entwicklungen der Wissenschaft, Technik und Medizin des Altertums vor dem Hintergrund historischer, kultureller und philosophischer Zusammenhange in der griechischen und romischen Gesellschaft.
- Legt in Band 1 den Schwerpunkt auf die Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, in Band 2 auf kulturelle Anwendungen und interdisziplinare Themen.

Volume I

Contributor Biographies xi

Abbreviations xix

List of Figures and Maps xxiii

Introduction 1

Part I Physics and Cosmogony 11

1 The Creation and Destruction of the World 13
Andrew D. Gregory

2 Matter 29
Daniel W. Graham

3 Motion and Energy 43
Jean De Groot

4 Nature and the Divine 60
Svetla Slaveva-Griffin

Part II The Mathematical Sciences 77

5 Mathematics 79
Reviel Netz

6 Astronomy 96
Andrew D. Gregory

7 Astrology 114
Kocku von Stuckrad

8 Ancient Optics: Theories and Problems of Vision 130
Philip Thibodeau

9 Hydrostatics and Pneumatics in Antiquity 145
Matteo Valleriani

10 The Science of Harmonics and Music Theory in Ancient Greece 161
Sophie Gibson

Part III Earth Sciences 179

11 Hydrology: Ocean, Rivers, and Other Waterways 181
Georgia L. Irby

12 Classical Geology and the Mines of the Greeks and Romans 197
Paul T. Craddock

13 Greco-Egyptian and Byzantine Alchemy 217
Matteo Martelli

14 Meteorology 232
Liba Taub

15 Geography 247
Duane W. Roller

Part IV Life Sciences 263

16 Greek and Roman Botany 265
M. Eleanor Irwin

17 Zoology 281
Tiberiu Popa

18 “Ecology” in the ancient Mediterranean 296
Georgia L. Irby, Robin McCall, and Anita Radini

19 The Failure of Evolutionary Thinking in Antiquity 313
Devin Henry

20 Embryology 329
James Wilberding

Part V Healing and the Human Body 343

21 Anatomy and Physiology 345
Julius Rocca

22 Gynecology 360
Lauren Caldwell

23 Surgery 371
Frédéric Le Blay Translated by Todd Black

24 Physicians and “Schools” 386
Molly Jones‐Lewis

25 Pharmacy 402
Molly Jones‐Lewis

26 Magic, Curses, and Healing 418
Andrew D. Gregory

27 Healing Shrines 434
Georgia Petridou

28 Regimen and Athletic Training 450
Jason König

29 Epidemiology and Pathology 465
Efthymia Nikita, Anna Lagia, and Sevi Triantaphyllou

30 Psychology and Physiognomics 483
Arnaud Zucker

31 Anthropology: Knowledge of Man 500
Gordon Campbell

Volume ii

Abbreviations xi

List of Figures and Maps xv

Part VI Food Sciences 517

32 Greek and Roman Agriculture 519
Philip Thibodeau

33 Animal Husbandry 533
Kenneth F. Kitchell Jr.

34 Oil and Wine Production 550
Rafael Frankel

35 Cooking and Baking Technology 570
John Paulas

36 Food Storage Technology 587
Robert I. Curtis

37 Culinary and Medicinal Uses of Wine and Olive Oil 605
John F. Donahue

38 Nutrition 618
John F. Donahue

Part VII Technology of Human Life 633

39 Greek Public and Religious Architecture 635
John R. Senseney

40 Greek Domestic Architecture 656
Bradley A. Ault

41 Greek Interior Decoration: Materials and Technology in the Art of Cosmesiss and Display 672
Hariclia Brecoulaki

42 Roman Monumental and Public Architecture 693
Duane W. Roller

43 Roman Domestic Architecture 711
Nathalie de Haan

44 Roman Interior Design 730
Sarah Lepinski

45 Textile Technology 747
Ellen Harlizius‐Klück

46 Urban Infrastructure in the Roman World 768
Klaus Grewe Translated by Johanna K. Sandrock

47 Siegeworks and Fortifications 784
Raffaele D’Amato

48 Arms and Weapons 801
Raffaele D’Amato

Part VIII Travel 817

49 Greek and Roman Cartography 819
Georgia L. Irby

50 Land Transport and Vehicles 836
Georges Raepsaet

51 Navigation and the Art of Sailing 854
Georgia L. Irby

52 Ships and Boats 870
Julian Whitewright

Part IX Telling Time 889

53 Greek Calendars 891
Laura Gawlinski

54 Roman Calendars 906
Robert Hannah

55 Time-Telling Devices 923
Robert Hannah

Part X Synthesis and Response 941

56 The Crossroads of Hellenistic and Sanskrit Science 943
Tejas S. Aralere

57 Roman Responses to Greek Science and Scholarship as a Cultural and Political Phenomenon 958
Thorsten Fögen

58 Scientific Encyclopedias 973
Katerina Oikonomopoulou

59 Translation and Transmission of Ancient Scientific Texts 988
Sonja Brentjes

60 The Reception of Greco‐Roman Science in the Renaissance: Assimilation(s), Transformation(s), Rejection, Hybridization 1009
Roberto Lo Presti

Appendix: Major Writers And Thinkers 1023

General Index 1029

Index of Authors, Thinkers, and Primary Sources 1049

Index of Toponyms 1061

Georgia L. Irby is Associate Professor of Classical Studies at the College of William and Mary. Among her publications, she is the co-editor, with Paul T. Keyser, of the Encyclopedia of Ancient Natural Scientists: The Greek Tradition and its Many Heirs (2008) and Greek Science of the Hellenistic Era: A Sourcebook (2002).

A COMPANION TO SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND MEDICINE IN ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME

CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS VOLUME:

Tejas S. Aralere, Bradley A. Ault, Hariclia Brecoulaki, Sonja Brentjes, Lauren Caldwell, Gordon Campbell, Paul T. Craddock, Robert I. Curtis, Raffaele D'Amato, Jean De Groot, Nathalie de Haan, John F. Donahue, Thorsten Fögen, Rafael Frankel, Laura Gawlinski, Sophie Gibson, Daniel W. Graham, Andrew D. Gregory, Klaus Grewe, Robert Hannah, Ellen Harlizius-Klück, Devin Henry, Georgia L. Irby, M. Eleanor Irwin, Molly Jones-Lewis, Kenneth F. Kitchell, Jr., Jason König, Anna Lagia, Frédéric Le Blay, Sarah Lepinski, Roberto Lo Presti, Matteo Martelli, Robin McCall, Reviel Netz, Efthymia Nikita, Katerina Oikonomopoulou, John Paulas, Georgia Petridou, Tiberiu Popa, Anita Radini, Georges Raepsaet, Julius Rocca, Duane W. Roller, John R. Senseney, Svetla Slaveva-Griffin, Kocku von Stuckrad, Liba Taub, Philip Thibodeau, Sevi Triantaphyllou, Matteo Valleriani, Julian Whitewright, James Wilberding, Arnaud Zucker

Scientific traditions are inextricably bound to the cultures which produce them. A Companion to Science, Technology, and Medicine in Ancient Greece and Rome brings together 60 essays that offer fresh perspectives on the study of ancient science, technology, and medicine as a product of their time and culture. Each chapter offers a clear and substantive introduction to the current state of knowledge in a given area, and points the way for new scholarship and discussion. This work covers the 1200 year period from 600 BCE to 600 CE, guiding readers from Thales through to the later Roman Empire. The work is organized in two halves: the first focuses on mathematical and natural science in the ancient world, as viewed from a modern perspective; the second focuses on cultural applications and interdisciplinary themes of these principles. Covering topics as diverse as physics, mathematics, healing, food science, travel, telling time, and more, A Companion to Science, Technology, and Medicine in Ancient Greece and Rome offers a comprehensive and invaluable resource to libraries, researchers, and scholars in a host of disciplines across the sciences and humanities.