Sonar for Practising Engineers

The first book exclusively on sonar and sonar technology. Written by an engineer (with over 40 years of experience in the field) for engineers. Taking an engineering approach rather than a physics/math one it provides an understanding of the basic principles of sonar and develops the formulae and "rules of thumb" for sonar design and performance analysis.Das erste Buch für Ingenieure, das sich ausschließlich Sonaren und Sonartechnologien widmet! Der Autor verfügt über vierzig Jahre Erfahrung auf diesem Gebiet und verfolgt einen weniger physikalisch-mathematischen als vielmehr praxisnahen Ansatz. Ausgehend von der Erklärung grundlegender Arbeitsprinzipien des Sonars werden Formalismen und Faustregeln für den Entwurf und die Leistungsanalyse erarbeitet. Besprochen werden u.a. Anordnungen zur Richtungsbündelung, Rauschquellen sowie Anwendungen in der Kommunikationstechnik.

Preface xiii

About the Author xv

Introduction xvii

1 Sound 1

2 Arrays 13

3 Propagation of Sound in the Sea 43

4 Target Strength 67

5 Noise in Sonar Systems 83

6 Reverberation 103

7 The Sonar Equations 119

8 Passive Sonar 125

9 Active Sonar 161

10 Echo Sounding and Side Scan Sonars 221

11 Mine Hunting Sonars 233

12 Intercepts and Communications Sonars 249

13 Active Sonar Design 261

Conclusion 277

Solutions to Problems 281

Index 293

ASHLEY WAITE retired from the UK Ministry of Defence in 1990 after 40 years of Underwater Warfare Research at Portland. He then joined Thomson Marconi Sonar (now Thales Underwater Systems Limited) as a Consultant for a further 10 years. He still maintains an involvement with sonar in a freelance capacity. The aims of the book - written by a practising engineer for practising engineers - are to provide an understanding of the basic principles of sonar and, to develop formulae and "rules of thumb" for sonar design and performance analysis. Ashley Waite uses his long experience in the design, trials and performance analysis of sonar systems to provide practical guidance and solutions to problems encountered by sonar engineers and technicians.

The books divides into the following parts:
* Equipment parameters: the motion of sound in an elastic medium; definitions of sound intensity and source level; the use of projector arrays to increase the source level; the use of hydrophone arrays to improve the signal to noise ratio of a wanted sound.
* The propagation of sound in the sea and the backgrounds to detection: spreading and absorption losses; propagation modes and simple modelling; noise and reverberation; the sonar equations
* Practical sonar systems: passive and active sonar systems; passive broadband, narrowband, intercept and communications (as a special case of intercept) sonars; active sonars for the detection of submarines, mines and torpedoes.
Sonar for Practising Engineers, third edition, covers all aspects of sonar systems and has extensive worked examples. No prior knowledge of sonar is assumed and the physical principles and mathematics will be readily understood by engineers, technicians and students of underwater acoustics. New to this edition, are end-of-chapter exercises and solutions for self assessment and training.